1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Verhalten von Tierarzneimitteln im Boden, Pflanze und Wasser-system
No full textDie Verwendung von Entwurmungsmitteln bei Nutztieren kann die Umwelt beeinträchtigen aufgrund der Ausbringung von organischen Düngern die die Medikamente enthalten. Boden und Wasser, Getreide und Grünfutter sind potenziell kontaminationsgefährdet. Um das Verhalten einiger dieser Medikamente im Boden, Pflanze und Wasser zu untersuchen, wurde ein Lysimeter-Experiment durchgeführt. Gülle mit drei repräsentativen Entwurmungsmitteln, Levamisol (LEV), Fenbendazol (FBZ) und Eprinomectin (EPR), wurde auf Lysimeter mit einem sandigen und einem lehmigen Boden ausgebracht. Proben von Luzerne und Sickerwasser wurden zu verschiedenen Terminen gesammelt. Ebenso wurden nach unterschiedlichen Zeitintervallen Bodenproben in verschiedenen Bodentiefen gesammelt. Die Proben wurden auf die Ziel-Analyten und die Metaboliten Fenbendazol Sulfoxid (FBZ-SO) und Sulfon (FBZ-SO2) analysiert mittels einer zuvor validierten LC-MS/MS-Methode. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass im oberen Horizont (0-10 cm) der Böden die Substanzen und die Metaboliten von FBZ in hohen Konzentrationen auch zum letzten Zeitpunkt der Probenahme (Tag 290) vorlagen. In dem tieferen Horizont (10-30 cm) wurden alle Verbindungen nur am 10. Tag nach der Ausbringung nachgewiesen. FBZ-SO und FBZ-SO2 wurden nur im lehmigen Boden auch noch am 290. Tag nachgewiesen. Die Konzentration von FBZ-SO war in der Bodentiefe von 10-20 cm am höchsten, jene von FBZ-SO2 in 20-30 cm. Im Sickerwasser konnte nur LEV (0,8 µg l-1) als einzige Verbindung nachgewiesen werden (am 36. Tag). In Pflanzen wurden die höchsten Konzentrationen von EPR (40,2 µg kg-1) auf sandigem Boden am Tag 32 gefunden, für LEV (37,0 µg kg-1) am 32. Tag auf lehmigem Boden und für den FBZ-SO Metaboliten (19 µg kg-1) am 63. Tag am lehmigen Boden, was ca. der 4-fachen Konzentration von FBZ oder FBZ-SO2 entspricht. Ein 14C-LEV Radiotracer-Experiment zeigte, dass LEV und seine Umwandlungsprodukte in die unteren Bodenhorizonte transportiert wurden.The use of anthelmintics in food producing animals could affect the ecological system due to the application of manure containing drugs to the land. Translocation of antiparasitic drugs from animal excrement through soil and water to crops and forages and their recycling to food (crops and grazing animals) is also a potential concern for the food chain. To investigate the behaviour of some drugs in soil, plant and water, a lysimeter experiment was designed. Slurry containing three representative anthelmintics, levamisole (LEV), fenbendazole (FBZ), and eprinomectin (EPR), was applied to lysimeters containing sandy or loamy soil and samples of alfalfa and water were collected at different time intervals, and soil samples at different intervals and depths. The samples were analysed for the target analytes and the sulphoxide (FBZ-SO) and sulphone (FBZ-SO2) metabolites of fenbendazole using a previously validated LC-MS/MS method. Results showed that in the upper horizon (0-10 cm) of soils the target analytes and metabolites of FBZ were found at high concentrations even at the final sampling time (day 290). In the lower horizon (10-30 cm), all target compounds were detected on day 10 and both FBZ-SO and FBZ-SO2 were found even at day 290 only in loamy soil. The concentration of FBZ-SO was higher at soil depth 10-20 cm and the FBZ-SO2 at 20-30 cm. In seepage water LEV (0.8 µg l-1) was the only compound detected (day-36). In plants the maximum concentration of EPR (40.2 µg kg-1) was found in sandy soil at day 32, LEV (37.0 µg kg-1) at day 32 in loamy soil and FBZ-SO metabolite (19 µg kg-1) at day 63 in loamy soil, at approximately 4 times the concentration of FBZ or FBZ-SO2. A radiotracer experiment using 14C-LEV showed that LEV and its transformation products were transported into the lower horizon.submitted by Marivil Dabalus IslamAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des VerfassersZsfassung in dt. SpracheFood Addit http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=22827314 / http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23581460Wien, Univ. für Bodenkultur, Diss., 201
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Verhalten von Tierarzneimitteln im Boden, Pflanze und Wasser-system
No full textDie Verwendung von Entwurmungsmitteln bei Nutztieren kann die Umwelt beeinträchtigen aufgrund der Ausbringung von organischen Düngern die die Medikamente enthalten. Boden und Wasser, Getreide und Grünfutter sind potenziell kontaminationsgefährdet. Um das Verhalten einiger dieser Medikamente im Boden, Pflanze und Wasser zu untersuchen, wurde ein Lysimeter-Experiment durchgeführt. Gülle mit drei repräsentativen Entwurmungsmitteln, Levamisol (LEV), Fenbendazol (FBZ) und Eprinomectin (EPR), wurde auf Lysimeter mit einem sandigen und einem lehmigen Boden ausgebracht. Proben von Luzerne und Sickerwasser wurden zu verschiedenen Terminen gesammelt. Ebenso wurden nach unterschiedlichen Zeitintervallen Bodenproben in verschiedenen Bodentiefen gesammelt. Die Proben wurden auf die Ziel-Analyten und die Metaboliten Fenbendazol Sulfoxid (FBZ-SO) und Sulfon (FBZ-SO2) analysiert mittels einer zuvor validierten LC-MS/MS-Methode. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass im oberen Horizont (0-10 cm) der Böden die Substanzen und die Metaboliten von FBZ in hohen Konzentrationen auch zum letzten Zeitpunkt der Probenahme (Tag 290) vorlagen. In dem tieferen Horizont (10-30 cm) wurden alle Verbindungen nur am 10. Tag nach der Ausbringung nachgewiesen. FBZ-SO und FBZ-SO2 wurden nur im lehmigen Boden auch noch am 290. Tag nachgewiesen. Die Konzentration von FBZ-SO war in der Bodentiefe von 10-20 cm am höchsten, jene von FBZ-SO2 in 20-30 cm. Im Sickerwasser konnte nur LEV (0,8 µg l-1) als einzige Verbindung nachgewiesen werden (am 36. Tag). In Pflanzen wurden die höchsten Konzentrationen von EPR (40,2 µg kg-1) auf sandigem Boden am Tag 32 gefunden, für LEV (37,0 µg kg-1) am 32. Tag auf lehmigem Boden und für den FBZ-SO Metaboliten (19 µg kg-1) am 63. Tag am lehmigen Boden, was ca. der 4-fachen Konzentration von FBZ oder FBZ-SO2 entspricht. Ein 14C-LEV Radiotracer-Experiment zeigte, dass LEV und seine Umwandlungsprodukte in die unteren Bodenhorizonte transportiert wurden.The use of anthelmintics in food producing animals could affect the ecological system due to the application of manure containing drugs to the land. Translocation of antiparasitic drugs from animal excrement through soil and water to crops and forages and their recycling to food (crops and grazing animals) is also a potential concern for the food chain. To investigate the behaviour of some drugs in soil, plant and water, a lysimeter experiment was designed. Slurry containing three representative anthelmintics, levamisole (LEV), fenbendazole (FBZ), and eprinomectin (EPR), was applied to lysimeters containing sandy or loamy soil and samples of alfalfa and water were collected at different time intervals, and soil samples at different intervals and depths. The samples were analysed for the target analytes and the sulphoxide (FBZ-SO) and sulphone (FBZ-SO2) metabolites of fenbendazole using a previously validated LC-MS/MS method. Results showed that in the upper horizon (0-10 cm) of soils the target analytes and metabolites of FBZ were found at high concentrations even at the final sampling time (day 290). In the lower horizon (10-30 cm), all target compounds were detected on day 10 and both FBZ-SO and FBZ-SO2 were found even at day 290 only in loamy soil. The concentration of FBZ-SO was higher at soil depth 10-20 cm and the FBZ-SO2 at 20-30 cm. In seepage water LEV (0.8 µg l-1) was the only compound detected (day-36). In plants the maximum concentration of EPR (40.2 µg kg-1) was found in sandy soil at day 32, LEV (37.0 µg kg-1) at day 32 in loamy soil and FBZ-SO metabolite (19 µg kg-1) at day 63 in loamy soil, at approximately 4 times the concentration of FBZ or FBZ-SO2. A radiotracer experiment using 14C-LEV showed that LEV and its transformation products were transported into the lower horizon.submitted by Marivil Dabalus IslamAbweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des VerfassersZsfassung in dt. SpracheFood Addit http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&dopt=Citation&list_uids=22827314 / http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23581460Wien, Univ. für Bodenkultur, Diss., 201
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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