1,721,853 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Computational analysis revealed miRNAs produced by Chikungunya virus target genes associated with antiviral immune responses and cell cycle regulation
No full textChikungunya virus (CHIKV) that causes chikungunya fever, is an alphavirus that belongs to the Togaviridae family containing a single-stranded RNA genome. Mosquitoes of the Aedes species act as the vectors for this virus and can be found in the blood, which can be passed from an infected person to a mosquito through mosquito bites. CHIKV has drawn much attention recently because of its potential of causing an epidemic. As the detailed mechanism of its pathogenesis inside the host system is still lacking, in this in silico research we have hypothesized that CHIKV might create miRNAs, which would target the genes associated with host cellular regulatory pathways, thereby providing the virus with prolonged refuge. Using bioinformatics approaches we found several putative miRNAs produced by CHIKV. Then we predicted the genes of the host targeted by these miRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis of these targeted genes shows the involvement of several biological pathways regulating antiviral immune stimulation, cellular proliferation, and cell cycle, thereby provide themselves with prolonged refuge and facilitate their pathogenesis, which in turn may lead to disease conditions. Finally, we analyzed a publicly available microarray dataset (GSE49985) to determine the altered expression levels of the targeted genes and found genes associated with pathways such as cell differentiation, phagocytosis, T-cell activation, response to cytokine, autophagy, Toll-like receptor signaling, RIG-I like receptor signaling and apoptosis. Our finding presents novel miRNAs and their targeted genes, which upon experimental validation could facilitate in developing new therapeutics to combat CHIKV infection and minimize CHIKV mediated diseases.No Full Tex
Viral miRNAs confer survival in host cells by targeting apoptosis related host genes
No full textmiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by RNA silencing. Like eukaryotic organisms, some viruses also produce miRNAs. While contribution of host miRNA in preventing viral pathogenesis has been studied, how viral miRNA confers survival within the host is poorly understood. Here, we hypothesize that viral miRNAs confer pathogenicity by binding to host target genes to down-regulate specific pathways that threaten cell survival. In order to identify such pathways, we performed functional enrichment analysis using targets of 168 viral miRNAs from 13 different viruses. We identified specific immune system and host defense pathways targeted by viruses via miRNA mediated gene silencing. Analysis and integration of publicly available RNA-seq data revealed that viruses target the apoptosis in the host by switching off pro-apoptotic genes through miRNA-induced mechanisms, thus ensuring cell survival. In conclusion, our findings reveal an important function of viral miRNA in downregulating host apoptosis machinery.Full Tex
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Speedup vs. quality: Asynchronous and cluster-based distributed adaptive genetic algorithms for ordered problems
No full textWhile the main motivation for Parallel Genetic Algorithms (PGAs) has been to improve the scalability of Genetic Algorithms (GAs), techniques and strategies for maintaining population diversity is an equally active research topic. Island Model Genetic Algorithms (IMGAs) represent one of the most mature strategies for developing PGAs in an effective and scalable manner. However, identifying how much migration and which individuals should migrate are open research problems. Meanwhile, recent developments in Adaptive Genetic Algorithms (AGAs) have led to techniques for monitoring and maintaining population diversity in an online manner. The aim of the present work is to introduce adaptive techniques and mechanisms into PGAs in order to determine when, how much and which individuals are most suitable for migration. We present a number of adaptive PGAs that aim to maintain diversity and maximise coverage of the solution space by minimising the overlap between islands. PGAs presented in this work are empirically assessed for their abilities in scalability, ability to find good quality solutions and maintain population diversity in ordered problems. These metrics are compared to existing adaptive and parallel GAs selected from the literature for their performance. We estimated the overhead costs of monitoring diversity and communication would result in a trade off between scalability and search capabilities. Our results suggest that an asynchronous adaptive PGA has the greatest speedup potential. However, while localising adaptive populations byNo Full Tex
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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