1,720,958 research outputs found
Negotiating Civil-Military Relations During Democratic Development: The Reformulation of the Argentine Military During the 1980s
No full textThe end of unity : grand coalitions in Austria, Israel, and West Germany
No full textThree government coalitions are the subject of this paper: The unity governments that reigned in West Germany from 1966-1969, in Austria from 1945-1966, and in Israel from 1984-1990. I especially investigate the elections or crises that ended these coalitions, and attribute the more irregular end of the Israeli unity government to the severity of ideological cleavages there
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Modern Chinese Democratic Reform: Tiananmen Square
No full textThe Tiananmen Square movement was a popular movement that demanded change from the regime in power. That these protests met such an infamous and unfortunate end on June 4th, 1989 is difficult to explain given the nonviolent and internationally\ud
conspicuous character of the movement. When examined through the lens of elite bargaining theory, the movement was merely the medium through which the reformers and conservatives in government acted out their long-simmering conflict. However, this\ud
analysis, while shedding light on the elite perspective, shifts the focus too far from the\ud
movement and does not give enough credit to the ability of the citizens of a polity to\ud
determine the national political environment.\ud
Understood in the context of moderation theory, on the other hand, while the high\ud
visibility of the movement threatened the elites, the isolation of the students made them\ud
easier to subdue. This isolation and insufficient pact-making spoiled the democratic\ud
movement. First, there were divisions within the movement, between the students and\ud
intellectuals on the one hand, and their urban supporters, the entrepreneurs and workers, on the other. The students and intellectuals' narrow and ambiguous objectives excluded the entrepreneurs and workers from becoming fully involved in the movement. Second,\ud
there was the urban-rural divide. The urbanites alienated an ally powerful because of its size and relative independence from the party. These two levels of factionalism fractured\ud
the movement and rendered the its challenge manageable for the regime. In recent years, the divisions between the different groups have broken down as a result of socioeconomic change, increased mobility and the shared experience of Tiananmen. In order for democratic activists to present a truly viable threat to the regime, the students, the social elites, must enhance the strength and connectivity of their\ud
coalition
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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