50 research outputs found
Più inglese che altro: il portfolio linguistico dell’italiano medio alla luce del pastiche comico della Sora Cesira
No full textI testi della cantautrice romana conosciuta con lo pseudonimo di Sora Cesira, diffusi in rete a partire da inizio 2011, parodizzano video musicali famosi instaurando un complesso gioco di commistione fra italo-romanzo (italiano comune, romanesco, elementi di dialetti meridionali, specie napoletano) e altre lingue (inglese, francese, spagnolo, portoghese, cui recentemente s’è aggiunto il latino). Tali testi sono qui fatti oggetto d’indagine dal punto di vista delle indicazioni che offrono circa le conoscenze linguistiche da presupporre nel destinatario in essi inscritto. Perché i testi sortiscano il loro effetto comico, infatti, è necessario che siano compresi; dal che deriva che chi li compone lo fa in base ad una percezione – in larga misura irriflessa – del portfolio linguistico del proprio allocutario ideale. Dall’analisi risulta, non sorprendentemente, una radicale sproporzione fra l’inglese e tutto il resto: unicamente dell’inglese, si mostrerà, si impiegano parole e costruzioni non decodificabili in assenza di conoscenze specifiche. Ovvero: per ridere dell’anglo-italiano di Sora Cesira, un po’ d’inglese bisogna pur masticarlo, mentre il requisito cade per tutte le altre lingue, ivi incluso – a riprova di un radicale mutamento dei tempi – il francese.The texts composed by the Roman singer-song writer hiding behind the pseudonym Sora Cesira, posted on the world wide web since early in 2011, are parodies of famous musical videoclips which capitalise on a mix of Italo-Romance (mostly standard Italian and Romanesco, but with a pinch of further dialects like Neapolitan) and other languages (English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, to which more recently also Latin has been added). These texts are analysed here from the viewpoint of the clues they provide as to the linguistic knowledge to be assumed for their ideal addressee to decode them effectively. Infact, in order for them to achieve their intended comic effect, the texts must be understood: therefore, their author(s) must work based on a (probably largely unspoken) hypothesis about the language portfolio of the addressee. As it turns out, there is, quite unsurprisingly, an imbalance between English and all the rest: English, it will be shown, is the only language from which the texts employ words and constructions that are not decodable in the absence of punctual knowledge. In other words, in order to laugh, while listening to Sora Cesira’s Anglo-Italian, some elementary command of English is needed, while this is hardly required for any other of the languages involved, French included (in spite of its having been, until recently, the first foreign language taught in Italian school)
L'Egitto prima dei faraoni
No full textGeografia, storia degli studi, bibliografia, cronologia dei periodi di formazione dello Stato in Egitto * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Telomerase as a potential anticancer target: growth inhibition and genomic instability
No full textStabilization of telomere length in chromosomes by an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (telomerase) appears to be responsible for the replicative immortality of cancer cells. These findings provide the rational basis for generating experimental models to develop anti-telomerase drugs. However, there is conflicting evidence in the literature about the outcome of telomerase inhibition. While tumor cytostatic and cytotoxic effects associated with telomerase inhibition have been described, absence of telomerase has been associated with genetic instability and tumor development. Therefore, a therapeutic strategy based on telomerase inhibition will likely have to cope with problems related to innate or acquired mechanisms of drug resistance and possibly to therapy-related tumors. Copyright 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd
L'altro Nilo. Il Sudan dalla Preistoria ai Faraoni
No full textBreve sintesi di anni di ricerche archeologiche nella provincia del Sudan centrale, con riferimento alla dinamica del popolamento della valle del Nilo e all'emergenza delle società complesse e dello Stato in Egitto
High-Dose Vitamin C: Preclinical Evidence for Tailoring Treatment in Cancer Patients
No full textHigh-dose vitamin C has been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach for patients with advanced tumors who failed previous treatment with chemotherapy. Due to vitamin C complex pharmacokinetics, only intravenous administration allows reaching sufficiently high plasma concentrations required for most of the antitumor effects observed in preclinical studies (>0.250 mM). Moreover, vitamin C entry into cells is tightly regulated by SVCT and GLUT transporters, and is cell type-dependent. Importantly, besides its well-recognized pro-oxidant effects, vitamin C modulates TET enzymes promoting DNA demethylation and acts as cofactor of HIF hydroxylases, whose activity is required for HIF-1α proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, at pharmacological concentrations lower than those required for its pro-oxidant activity (<1 mM), vitamin C in specific genetic contexts may alter the DNA damage response by increasing 5-hydroxymethylcytosine levels. These more recently described vitamin C mechanisms offer new treatment opportunities for tumors with specific molecular defects (e.g., HIF-1α over-expression or TET2, IDH1/2, and WT1 alterations). Moreover, vitamin C action at DNA levels may provide the rationale basis for combination therapies with PARP inhibitors and hypomethylating agents. This review outlines the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of vitamin C to be taken into account in designing clinical studies that evaluate its potential use as anticancer agent
MiR-424 and miR-155 deregulated expression in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia: correlation with NPM1 and FLT3 mutation status
No full textAbstract Background MicroRNA have a central role in normal haematopoiesis and are deregulated in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The purpose of the study was to investigate by qRT-PCR the expression of miRNAs involved in myeloid differentiation (miR-424, miR-155, miR-223, miR-17-5p) in 48 patients with cytogenetically normal AML well characterized for NPM1 and/or FLT3 mutations. Three types of normalization were used for the data validation. Findings We found that miR-424 was down-modulated in AMLs with NPM1mutA regardless of FLT3 status. On the contrary, miR-155 showed up-regulation in patients with FLT3 internal tandem duplications (ITD) with or without NPM1 mutations. No significant associations were found by analyzing miR-223 and miR-17-5p in relation to FLT3 and NPM1 status. Conclusions This study supports the view that major genetic subsets of CN-AML are associated with distinct miRNA signatures and suggests that miR-424 and miR-155 deregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of CN-AML with NPM1 and FLT3-ITD mutations, respectively.</p
Clinical applications of telomerase in cancer treatment
No full textTelomerase activity has been found in most cancer cells, but not in the majority of normal differentiated tissues. Therefore, telomerase has been considered a relatively selective and widely expressed tumor marker to be used as a diagnostic tool, and in some cases, as a potential prognostic indicator. Telomerase activity can also be used to evaluate chemosensitivity of neoplastic cells obtained from cancer patients, by measuring residual telomerase activity after drug treatment. Finally, telomerase has been considered to represent a suitable target for designing new anticancer strategies. This review focuses on present and future clinical applications of telomerase studies in cancer management. Copyright 2000 Harcourt Publishers Ltd
“Dire la crisi” per macaronica verba: i Carmina burina della Sora Cesira
No full textIl saggio analizza i meccanismi di ibridazione linguistica (latino, italiano e romanesco) che caratterizzano i cosiddetti Carmina Burina, recente ridoppiaggio del notissimo O Fortuna, incipit dei Carmina Burana. Ne è autrice la Sora Cesira, cantautrice romana che già da qualche anno racconta la crisi politica ed economica che ha colpito l’Italia e l’Europa parodiando testi di famosi video musicali. L’effetto comico di ognuna di queste riscritture è conseguenza non solo dal carattere satirico dei loro contenuti ma anche della loro confezione linguistica: lingua originale del brano (inglese, francese, spagnolo, portoghese e, come nel caso qui esaminato, latino) e italiano di impronta romanesca interferiscono, infatti, l’una con l’altro ad ogni livello della struttura linguistica.This paper analyzes the mechanisms of linguistic hybridization (Latin, Italian, and Romanesco) in the so-called Carmina Burina, a recent funny redubbing (“fandub”) of O fortuna, the famous incipit of the Medieval collection of poetry Carmina Burana. The author, known under the pseudonym of La Sora Cesira, is a Roman songwriter who in the last years, has told of the economic and politicai crisis in Italy and Europe, reinterpreting lyrics of well-known music videos in a satirical manner. The comic effect of th e parody is achieved not only through the contents, but also through the artificial language mixture: just as in the Carmina Burina, the original language of the songs (Latin, but in other cases English, French, Spanish and Portuguese) interferes with both Italian and Romanesco (more rarely, with Neapolitan) at every level of thè linguistic structure
Telomerase as a marker of tumor cell viability: A new approach for in vitro chemosensitivity assays?
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