1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Síndrome Cardiorenal- Desafios e Novas Opções Terapêuticas
No full textTrabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de MedicinaCardiorenal syndrome refers to the dysfunction of both the heart and kidneys, whether acute or chronic, resulting from a series of maladaptive feedback mechanisms that both cause and are caused by each other. It is categorized into five distinct types: Type 1 (acute cardiorenal syndrome), Type 2 (chronic cardiorenal syndrome), Type 3 (acute renocardiac syndrome), Type 4 (chronic renocardiac syndrome), and Type 5 (secondary cardiorenal syndrome). Although defining and explaining these mechanisms is challenging, several diagnostic and management options have been developed. Different biomarkers have become more prominent as a helpful tool in the diagnosis and assessment of prognosis in patients with heart failure and/or kidney disease, overcoming some of the previously encountered challenges and allowing an earlier diagnosis. New treatment options are emerging, one being sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. This group of pharmaceuticals is currently used as Class I treatment choice for heart failure and has shown promising results in the management of cardiorenal syndrome. Tolvaptan, a V2 receptor of arginine vasopressin antagonist, is also an emerging alternative for the treatment of this condition. On a different level, finerenone, a nonsteroid selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist has stood out regarding its contribution to the management of this disease. Many other new approaches have been considered, spanning from the role of genetic to renal replacement therapy. This review seeks to explore recent literature on new strategies for managing cardiorenal syndrome, as well as the challenges it presents in everyday medical practice.A síndrome cardio-renal consiste na presença tanto de disfunção renal como disfunção cardíaca, sejam estas crónicas ou agudas, que causam e são causadas por vários mecanismos mal adaptativos. Esta síndrome pode ser dividida em 5 grupos diferentes: tipo 1 (síndrome cardio-renal aguda), tipo 2 (síndrome cardio-renal crónica), tipo 3(síndrome reno-cardíaca aguda), tipo 4 (síndrome reno-cardíaca crónica) e tipo 5 (síndrome cardio-renal secundária). Apesar da dificuldade existente em definir e compreender os mecanismos por trás desta síndrome, diversos métodos de diagnóstico, prognóstico e abordagem têm surgido. Diferentes biomarcadores têm-se tornado cada vez mais importantes enquanto ferramentas úteis no diagnóstico e prognóstico de doentes com insuficiência cardíaca e/ou doença renal crónica, ultrapassando alguns dos previamente encontrados desafios e permitindo um diagnóstico mais precoce e o surgimento de novas opções terapêuticas, tal como os inibidores do co-transportador 2 de sódio-glicose (iSGLT2). Este grupo de fármacos é atualmente usado como fármaco de classe I no tratamento da insuficiência cardíaca e tem mostrado resultados promissores também no tratamento da síndrome cardio-renal. Tolvaptan, um antagonista do recetor V2 da vasopressina é uma alternativa em crescimento para o tratamento desta patologia. Por outro lado, a finerenona, um antagonista seletivo, não esteroide, dos recetores mineralocorticoides destacou-se recentemente quanto à sua contribuição no tratamento desta síndrome. Muitas outras abordagens têm sido consideradas, desde a genética às terapias de substituição renal. Esta revisão tem como objetivo explorar alguma da literatura atual sobre novas estratégias na abordagem da síndrome cardio-renal tal como os desafios que esta impõe na prática clínica diária
Doença Renal Poliquística Autossómica Dominante e as suas opções terapêuticas: o papel do Tolvaptan
No full textTrabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina apresentado à Faculdade de MedicinaAutosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease is the most prevalent hereditary kidney disorder, primarily resulting from mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes. These mutations disrupt the physiological function of polycystin proteins and consequently, dysregulate multiple signaling pathways, including the calcium/cyclic adenosine monophosphate (Ca2+/cAMP) and the tuberous sclerosis complex-mammalian target of rapamycin (TSC-mTOR). This leads to aberrant cell proliferation, reduced apoptosis, fluid secretion and inflammatory cell accumulation, ultimately culminating in the formation of renal cysts and progression to end-stage renal disease.While past treatment focused on supportive care and complication management, in the recent decades a better understanding of the disease's pathogenic pathways allowed the development of novel therapies. Tolvaptan is the first approved disease-modifying drug that aims to slow cyst growth and renal function decline. However, encouraging results are emerging from other ongoing randomized controlled trials, which are studying not only drugs acting on the Ca2+/cAMP pathway, the most studied target so far, such as Tolvaptan, but also molecules targeting other pathophysiological pathways (e.g. epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and KEAP1-Nrf2).Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease is the most prevalent hereditary kidney disorder, primarily resulting from mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes. These mutations disrupt the physiological function of polycystin proteins and consequently, dysregulate multiple signaling pathways, including the calcium/cyclic adenosine monophosphate (Ca2+/cAMP) and the tuberous sclerosis complex-mammalian target of rapamycin (TSC-mTOR). This leads to aberrant cell proliferation, reduced apoptosis, fluid secretion and inflammatory cell accumulation, ultimately culminating in the formation of renal cysts and progression to end-stage renal disease.While past treatment focused on supportive care and complication management, in the recent decades a better understanding of the disease's pathogenic pathways allowed the development of novel therapies. Tolvaptan is the first approved disease-modifying drug that aims to slow cyst growth and renal function decline. However, encouraging results are emerging from other ongoing randomized controlled trials, which are studying not only drugs acting on the Ca2+/cAMP pathway, the most studied target so far, such as Tolvaptan, but also molecules targeting other pathophysiological pathways (e.g. epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and KEAP1-Nrf2).A Doença Renal Poliquística Autossómica Dominante (DRPAD) é a doença renal hereditária mais prevalente, resultando principalmente de mutações nos genes PKD1 e PKD2. Estas mutações perturbam a função fisiológica das proteínas policistinas e, consequentemente, desregulam várias vias de sinalização, incluindo a do cálcio/monofosfato cíclico de adenosina (Ca2+/cAMP) e o complexo esclerose tuberosa-proteína alvo da rapamicina nos mamíferos (TSC-mTOR). Isto leva a uma proliferação celular anormal, diminuição da apoptose, secreção de fluido e acúmulo de células inflamatórias, culminando, em última instância, na formação de cistos renais e progressão para a doença renal em estadio terminal.Enquanto o tratamento no passado se concentrava em cuidados de suporte e na gestão de complicações, as últimas décadas testemunharam avanços na compreensão dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos da doença, permitindo o desenvolvimento de terapias inovadoras.O Tolvaptan é o primeiro medicamento modificador de doença aprovado, que visa retardar o crescimento de quistos e o declínio da função renal. No entanto, estão a surgir resultados encorajadores de outros ensaios clínicos randomizados e controlados em curso, que estudam não só fármacos que atuam na via Ca2+/cAMP, o alvo mais estudado até agora, como o Tolvaptan, mas também moléculas que atuam noutras vias fisiopatológicas (por exemplo, fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF), proteína quinase ativada por AMP (AMPK) e KEAP1-Nrf2).A Doença Renal Poliquística Autossómica Dominante (DRPAD) é a doença renal hereditária mais prevalente, resultando principalmente de mutações nos genes PKD1 e PKD2. Estas mutações perturbam a função fisiológica das proteínas policistinas e, consequentemente, desregulam várias vias de sinalização, incluindo a do cálcio/monofosfato cíclico de adenosina (Ca2+/cAMP) e o complexo esclerose tuberosa-proteína alvo da rapamicina nos mamíferos (TSC-mTOR). Isto leva a uma proliferação celular anormal, diminuição da apoptose, secreção de fluido e acúmulo de células inflamatórias, culminando, em última instância, na formação de cistos renais e progressão para a doença renal em estadio terminal.Enquanto o tratamento no passado se concentrava em cuidados de suporte e na gestão de complicações, as últimas décadas testemunharam avanços na compreensão dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos da doença, permitindo o desenvolvimento de terapias inovadoras.O Tolvaptan é o primeiro medicamento modificador de doença aprovado, que visa retardar o crescimento de quistos e o declínio da função renal. No entanto, estão a surgir resultados encorajadores de outros ensaios clínicos randomizados e controlados em curso, que estudam não só fármacos que atuam na via Ca2+/cAMP, o alvo mais estudado até agora, como o Tolvaptan, mas também moléculas que atuam noutras vias fisiopatológicas (por exemplo, fator de crescimento epidérmico (EGF), proteína quinase ativada por AMP (AMPK) e KEAP1-Nrf2)
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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