1,720,954 research outputs found
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cryptosporidiosis in Cattle in Lashkargah City, Helmand Province of Afghanistan
Get PDFCryptosporidiosis is a parasitic zoonotic disease that affects humans and animals and is caused by the protozoa Cryptosporidium spp. This was a descriptive study to determine the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts and its associated risk factors in cattle in Lashkargah City, Helmand province of Afghanistan. One hundred and fifty-seven cattle were selected randomly from the 37 areas of 8 districts of Lashkargah. To confirm the presence of Cryptosporidium spp., a modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique was applied to visualize the oocysts of the protozoa in fecal samples. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect additional information regarding demographic, hygienic conditions, and water sources of the animal and human population in the area. From the 157 studied cattle, the oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 3 samples (1.9%). At the same time, 56.1% of the studied villages were near the running water, and in 4.5% of cases, animal waste materials or residues ended up in the water sources. In brief, considering the husbandry practices, farm hygienic conditions, and water sources in the study area, there is a very likely higher prevalence of Cryptosporidium in Helmand province. High-scale province-wide researches are required to determine the incidence and prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in animal and human populations
Physicochemical and Microbiological Assessment of Drinking Water in Selected Poultry Farms in Kabul Province, Afghanistan
Get PDFPoultry is a vital sector and an important source of income for many families in Afghanistan. Water quality is a key factor affecting poultry health and productivity. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the physicochemical and microbiological quality of water sources used in poultry farms in Kabul Province. Water samples were collected from 20 poultry farms and analyzed for total coliforms (TC), faecal coliforms (FC) (Escherichia coli), pH, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, chlorine concentration, and turbidity. The results showed that TC and FC levels exceeded acceptable limits (>50 CFU/100 mL) in 65% and 10% of primary water sources, respectively. The median TC and FC values in primary water sources were 63 CFU/100 mL (range: 0–317) and 4.5 CFU/100 mL (range: 0–14), respectively. In secondary water sources, TC and FC exceeded permissible limits in 75% and 55% of samples, with median values of 266 and 84 CFU/100 mL, respectively. Significant differences in TC and E. coli levels were observed between primary and secondary water sources (p < 0.05), and among physicochemical parameters; turbidity and electrical conductivity exceeded recommended standards. A significant positive correlation was found between TC and FC (r = 0.603; p < 0.05), while both showed a significant negative correlation with chlorine levels (p < 0.05). These findings highlight substantial health risks associated with poultry farm water sources and underscore the need for improved water management practices to ensure safe, sustainable poultry production in Kabul Province
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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