334,340 research outputs found
A dual infection of infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) virus and a togavirus-like virus in ISA of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in New Brunswick, Canada
No full textTwo viruses, infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) virus and a novel togavirus-like virus, were isolated from ISA disease outbreaks that were first reported as a new syndrome, haemorrhagic kidney syndrome (HKS) affecting farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. on the East coast of Canada. Laboratory confirmation of ISA diagnosis was initially complicated by isolation of only the togavirus-like agent using the CHSE-214 cell line. Here we demonstrate that a clinical sample from a disease outbreak of ISA contained a mixture of ISA virus and togavirus-like virus. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed the presence of both viruses during serial passage of cultures in SHK-1 and CHSE-214 cells. Virus harvested at passage level 3 in both cell lines caused high mortalities and severe gross pathology consistent with ISA virus infection in experimentally inoculated Atlantic salmon parr (approximately 35 g) in freshwater, beginning 12 d post inoculation. ISA virus was detected by virus isolation from kidney and liver tissues of all dead or moribund fish tested. A comparison of virus isolation, 1-step procedure RT-PCR and RNA dot-blot hybridization for detection of ISA virus (ISAV) in fish tissues showed virus isolation to have 100% sensitivity, followed by RT-PCR (66 and 28% sensitivity in kidney and liver, respectively), with RNA dot-blot hybridization as the least sensitive method (20 and 10% sensitivity in kidney and liver, respectively). No togavirus-like virus was detected in these samples by virus isolation. Moreover, another togavirus-like virus isolate grown in CHSE-214 cells in the absence of any other detectable pathogen was non-pathogenic in experimentally inoculated fish. This study confirms that the original ISA outbreaks in New Brunswick, Canada, were caused solely by ISAV
Wirkungsbegriffe und Wirkungsverständnisse
No full textAlbus S, Greschke H, Klingler B, et al. Wirkungsbegriffe und Wirkungsverständnisse. In: ISA Planung und Entwicklung GmbH, ed. Praxishilfe zur wirkungsorientierten Qualifizierung der Hilfen zur Erziehung. Wirkungsorientierte Jugendhilfe. Vol 9. Münster: ISA; 2009: 20-21
Wirkungsorientierung in wissenschaftlicher Perspektive
No full textAlbus S, Greschke H, Klingler B, et al. Wirkungsorientierung in wissenschaftlicher Perspektive. In: ISA Planung und Entwicklung GmbH, ed. Praxishilfe zur wirkungsorientierten Qualifizierung der Hilfen zur Erziehung. Wirkungsorientierte Jugendhilfe. Vol 9. Münster: ISA; 2009: 11
Elemente Wirkungsorientierter Jugendhilfe und ihre Wirkungsweisen: Erkenntnisse der wissenschaftlichen Evaluation des Bundesmodellprogramms (Universität Bielefeld)
No full textAlbus S, Greschke H, Klingler B, et al. Elemente Wirkungsorientierter Jugendhilfe und ihre Wirkungsweisen: Erkenntnisse der wissenschaftlichen Evaluation des Bundesmodellprogramms (Universität Bielefeld). In: ISA Planung und Entwicklung GmbH, ed. Praxishilfe zur wirkungsorientierten Qualifizierung der Hilfen zur Erziehung. Wirkungsorientierte Jugendhilfe. Vol 9. Münster: ISA; 2009: 24-60
Schlaglichter wirkungsorientierter Jugendhilfe. Fazit der Evaluation zum Bundesmodellprogramm „Wirkungsorientierter Jugendhilfe“
No full textAlbus S, Greschke H, Klingler B, et al. Schlaglichter wirkungsorientierter Jugendhilfe. Fazit der Evaluation zum Bundesmodellprogramm „Wirkungsorientierter Jugendhilfe“. In: ISA Planung und Entwicklung GmbH, ed. Praxishilfe zur wirkungsorientierten Qualifizierung der Hilfen zur Erziehung. Wirkungsorientierte Jugendhilfe. Vol 9. Münster: ISA; 2009: 6-7
Estimated genetic diversity between Atak-S and isa brown chickens with SSR markers
Get PDFAnkara Tavukçuluk Araştırma Enstitüsü tarafından geliştirilen Atak-S yumurtacı hibriti yerli hibritler içinde yumurta verimi en yüksek olan hibrittir. Ancak bu hibritin yumurta verimi Isa Brown gibi yabancı kaynaklı hibritlere göre daha düşüktür. Atak-S hibritinin yabancı kaynaklı hibritlerle yarışabilmesi için verim ile ilgili moleküler ıslah çalışmaları gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Atak-S ve Isa Brown tavuk hibritlerindeki genetik çeşitliliği belirlemek ve bu hibritler arasındaki genetik çeşitliliği karşılaştırmaktır. Bu amaç için, iki alt popülasyondan 200 tavukta 6 mikrosatelit lokusu ayrı ayrı genotiplendirildi. Bu çalışmada kullanılan 6 farklı SSR markörü için toplam da 85 polimorfik fragment bulundu. Ayrıca He değeri 0.61±0.05 olarak bulundu. İki hibrit arasında He ise; Atak-S’de 0.35±0.76, Isa Brown’da 0.26±0.68 olarak bulundu. Bu sonuç, Atak-S hibritindeki genetik çeşitliliğin Isa Brown hibritine göre daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ek olarak iki hibrite ait genetik farklılıklar ve popülasyon yapısı dendogram analizi yapılarak ortaya konmuş ve farklıllıklar belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Atak-S ve Isa Brown hibritleri içindeki ve arasında genetik çeşitliliklerin iyi korunmuş olduğu ileri sürülebilir. Mikrosatellit analizi ile tahmin edilen Atak-S ve Isa Brown hibrtileri hakkındaki bilgiler, gelecekteki genetik varyasyon araştırmalarını tasarlamak ve koruma stratejileri geliştirmek için hedeflerin belirlenmesinde rehber olarak yararlı olabilir.Atak-S layered hybrid, developed by the "Ankara Poultry Research Institute", is the hybrid with the highest egg productivity among local hybrids. However, egg yield are lower compared to foreign-origin hybrids such as Isa brown. Molecular development studies as to productivity are required for Atak-S hybrid to be able to compete with foreign-origin hybrids. The objective of this study was to detect genetic diversity within the breeds and to compare the Atak-S and Isa Brown breeds. To achieve this goal, we individually genotyped 6 SSR loci in 200 chickens from two populations. 85 polymorphic fragments were found in total for 6 different SSR markers employed in this study. For all loci, high He was observed, and means He was 0.61±0.05 among loci. Among breeds, the mean He was 0.35±0.76 in Atak-S and 0.26±0.68 in Isa Brown. This result indicated that genetic diversity in the Atak-S breed is higher than in the Isa Brown breed. Furthermore, genetic differences and population structure of two hybrids were shown by virtue of dendogram analysis and differences were detected. As a result, we could be suggested that genetic diversity is well preserved within and between Atak-S and Isa Brown hybrids. Based on the Atak-S and Isa Brown breeds estimated by microsatellite analysis may be useful as a guide in setting goals for designing future genetic variation studies and for improving conservation strategies
What drives the Acceptability of Intelligent Speed Assistance (ISA)?
Get PDFTo have knowledge about the acceptability of Intelligent Transport systems (ITS) is most beneficial for the development of supported implementation strategies. So far, different theories and methods, also stemming from other domains, have been used to define and conceptualize the notion of acceptability. In a previous paper, we developed a theoretical concept to define acceptability of ISA based on different theories and methods used in ITS & ISA research. In the current paper we aim to find out which predefined indicators are relevant to define the acceptability of ISA. Background factors, contextual issues and ISA-device related factors are used as indicators to predict the level of acceptability. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is used to define the direct and indirect effects.Infrastructures, Systems and ServicesTechnology, Policy and Managemen
Isa intercolombia, a progressive growth 2023 - 2024
No full textEl presente estudio analizó la situación financiera de la compañía Interconexión Eléctrica S.A. (ISA) y las oportunidades que ha presentado en el mercado de capitales para fortalecer su competitividad en el sector de infraestructura energética en América Latina. El propósito fue identificar estrategias financieras para optimizar la gestión de la compañía y garantizar su sostenibilidad a largo plazo. La metodología combinó análisis financiero mediante indicadores clave, como flujo de caja y márgenes de rentabilidad, con un estudio del mercado de capitales, incluyendo tendencias de la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia, tasas de interés y comparativas sectoriales. Los resultados mostraron que ISA tuvo un crecimiento destacado en 2024, con un aumento significativo en ingresos operacionales, utilidad neta y márgenes de rentabilidad, impulsado por proyectos estratégicos en países como Brasil, Perú, Chile y Colombia. La utilidad neta creció un 74% en el tercer trimestre, mientras el margen EBITDA alcanzó el 69 %, reflejando mayor eficiencia operativa. También se evidenció un comportamiento dinámico en el precio de sus acciones, con periodos de alzas moderadas y consolidaciones.Profesional en Negocios InternacionalesPregradoThis study analyzed the financial situation of Interconexión Eléctrica S.A. (ISA) and the opportunities it has presented in the capital market to strengthen its competitiveness in the energy infrastructure sector in Latin America. The purpose was to identify financial strategies to optimize the company's management and ensure its long-term sustainability. The methodology combined financial analysis through key indicators, such as cash flow and profitability margins, with a study of the capital market, including trends in the Colombian Stock Exchange, interest rates and sector comparisons. The results showed that ISA had outstanding growth in 2024, with a significant increase in operating revenues, net income and profitability margins, driven by strategic projects in countries such as Brazil, Peru, Chile and Colombia. Net income grew 74% in the third quarter, while the EBITDA margin reached 69 %, reflecting greater operating efficiency. The company's share price also performed dynamically, with periods of moderate increases and consolidations
Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV) isolated from the ISA disease outbreaks in Chile diverged from ISAV isolates from Norway around 1996 and was disseminated around 2005, based on surface glycoprotein gene sequences
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Infectious salmon anaemia (ISA) virus (ISAV) is a pathogen of marine-farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar); a disease first diagnosed in Norway in 1984. For over 25 years ISAV has caused major disease outbreaks in the Northern hemisphere, and remains an emerging fish pathogen because of the asymptomatic infections in marine wild fish and the potential for emergence of new epidemic strains. ISAV belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae, together with influenza viruses but is sufficiently different to be assigned to its own genus, Isavirus. The Isavirus genome consists of eight single-stranded RNA species, and the virions have two surface glycoproteins; fusion (F) protein encoded on segment 5 and haemagglutinin-esterase (HE) protein encoded on segment 6. However, comparison between different ISAV isolates is complicated because there is presently no universally accepted nomenclature system for designation of genetic relatedness between ISAV isolates. The first outbreak of ISA in marine-farmed Atlantic salmon in the Southern hemisphere occurred in Chile starting in June 2007. In order to describe the molecular characteristics of the virus so as to understand its origins, how ISAV isolates are maintained and spread, and their virulence characteristics, we conducted a study where the viral sequences were directly amplified, cloned and sequenced from tissue samples collected from several ISA-affected fish on the different fish farms with confirmed or suspected ISA outbreaks in Chile. This paper describes the genetic characterization of a large number of ISAV strains associated with extensive outbreaks in Chile starting in June 2007, and their phylogenetic relationships with selected European and North American isolates that are representative of the genetic diversity of ISAV. RESULTS: RT-PCR for ISAV F and HE glycoprotein genes was performed directly on tissue samples collected from ISA-affected fish on different farms among 14 fish companies in Chile during the ISA outbreaks that started in June 2007. The genes of the F and HE glycoproteins were cloned and sequenced for 51 and 78 new isolates, respectively. An extensive comparative analysis of ISAV F and HE sequence data, including reference isolates sampled from Norway, Faroe Islands, Scotland, USA, and Canada was performed. Based on phylogenetic analysis of concatenated ISAV F and HE genes of 103 individual isolates, the isolates from the ISA outbreaks in Chile grouped in their own cluster of 7 distinct strains within Genotype I (European genotype) of ISAV, with the closest relatedness to Norwegian ISAVs isolated in 1997. The phylogenetic software program, BACKTRACK, estimated the Chile isolates diverged from Norway isolates about 1996 and, therefore, had been present in Chile for some time before the recent outbreaks. Analysis of the deduced F protein sequence showed 43 of 51 Chile isolates with an 11-amino acid insert between 265N and 266Q, with 100% sequence identity with Genotype I ISAV RNA segment 2. Twenty four different HE-HPRs, including HPR0, were detected, with HPR7b making up 79.7%. This is considered a manifestation of ISAV quasispecies HE protein sequence diversity. CONCLUSION: Taken together, these findings suggest that the ISA outbreaks were caused by virus that was already present in Chile that mutated to new strains. This is the first comprehensive report tracing ISAV from Europe to South America.Source type: Electronic(1
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
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