170 research outputs found
Changing prehistoric Yapese pottery technology: a case study of adaptive transformation
No full textDescription: xi, 192 leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm. + 1 computer disk. Notes: University of Otago department: Anthropology. Computer disk in pocket. Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Otago. Bibliography: leaves 182-192. Bound with: Archaeological investigations in the Yap Islands, Micronesia.
The published bulletin is not included in the OUR Archive upload. The full citation of this bulletin is as follows: Intoh, M., & Leach, F. (1985). Archaeological investigations in the Yap Islands, Micronesia: first millennium B.C. to the present day. Oxford, England: B.A.R.This study describes the processes of cultural adaptation to environmental conditions through an examination of ceramic technology. The case study involved eight months fieldwork in the Yap Islands, Western Caroline Islands, Micronesia, to obtain archaeological, ethnographic and environmental information.
Analyses of the mineral and chemical composition and physical characteristics of Yapese clays showed that two types exist on the island: very plastic metamorphic clay and nonplastic sedimentary clay. Analysis of sand samples from beach and river locations showed varying amount of calcareous sand grains.
Three types of pottery were distinguished in the archaeological deposits on the basis of temper and physical characteristics of vessel walls. Calcareous Sand Tempered (CST) and Plain potteries were made between 2000 and 600 years B.P. whereas Laminated pottery was made after 600 years B.P. Technological change between the three pottery types was shown by reconstructing the technology used and the physical properties of the products, using information about the mineral composition of the clays, tempering, forming, surface finish, vessel form, thickness, firing, strength and porosity.
Metamorphic plastic clay was used for making all three types of pottery. The major contrasting characteristic of the different potteries is differences in tempering behaviour. A steady improvement in firing technique over 2000 years was identified as the major cause for the changes observed.
CST pottery was tempered with fine calcareous beach sand. The clay tempered in this way was very workable but had a disadvantage of being easily damaged if fired at higher temperatures.
Plain pottery was tempered with a range of materials, such as burnt coral lime and coarse sand but not with calcareous sand. This variation with alternative tempers is interpreted as attempts to avoid the deleterious effects of heating calcareous sand. The quality of Plain pottery was not very high (weak, thick and straighter vessel wall), and the experiments did not result in an effective solution to the problems of CST pottery because technological replacement did not occur.
Laminated pottery was shown to be identical to the historically manufactured pottery, and was made with a unique technology. No temper was added to the highly plastic clay, and the techniques of forming, drying and firing were adapted to the low workability of the clay. The combination of these techniques produced a strong and durable layered vessel wall.
The thesis includes a published bulletin describing the excavations and a computer disk with a full catalogue of all pot sherds and scientific data
Changing prehistoric Yapese pottery technology: a case study of adaptive transformation
No full textDescription: xi, 192 leaves : ill., maps ; 30 cm. + 1 computer disk. Notes: University of Otago department: Anthropology. Computer disk in pocket. Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Otago. Bibliography: leaves 182-192. Bound with: Archaeological investigations in the Yap Islands, Micronesia.
The published bulletin is not included in the OUR Archive upload. The full citation of this bulletin is as follows: Intoh, M., & Leach, F. (1985). Archaeological investigations in the Yap Islands, Micronesia: first millennium B.C. to the present day. Oxford, England: B.A.R.This study describes the processes of cultural adaptation to environmental conditions through an examination of ceramic technology. The case study involved eight months fieldwork in the Yap Islands, Western Caroline Islands, Micronesia, to obtain archaeological, ethnographic and environmental information.
Analyses of the mineral and chemical composition and physical characteristics of Yapese clays showed that two types exist on the island: very plastic metamorphic clay and nonplastic sedimentary clay. Analysis of sand samples from beach and river locations showed varying amount of calcareous sand grains.
Three types of pottery were distinguished in the archaeological deposits on the basis of temper and physical characteristics of vessel walls. Calcareous Sand Tempered (CST) and Plain potteries were made between 2000 and 600 years B.P. whereas Laminated pottery was made after 600 years B.P. Technological change between the three pottery types was shown by reconstructing the technology used and the physical properties of the products, using information about the mineral composition of the clays, tempering, forming, surface finish, vessel form, thickness, firing, strength and porosity.
Metamorphic plastic clay was used for making all three types of pottery. The major contrasting characteristic of the different potteries is differences in tempering behaviour. A steady improvement in firing technique over 2000 years was identified as the major cause for the changes observed.
CST pottery was tempered with fine calcareous beach sand. The clay tempered in this way was very workable but had a disadvantage of being easily damaged if fired at higher temperatures.
Plain pottery was tempered with a range of materials, such as burnt coral lime and coarse sand but not with calcareous sand. This variation with alternative tempers is interpreted as attempts to avoid the deleterious effects of heating calcareous sand. The quality of Plain pottery was not very high (weak, thick and straighter vessel wall), and the experiments did not result in an effective solution to the problems of CST pottery because technological replacement did not occur.
Laminated pottery was shown to be identical to the historically manufactured pottery, and was made with a unique technology. No temper was added to the highly plastic clay, and the techniques of forming, drying and firing were adapted to the low workability of the clay. The combination of these techniques produced a strong and durable layered vessel wall.
The thesis includes a published bulletin describing the excavations and a computer disk with a full catalogue of all pot sherds and scientific data
Role of environmental awareness in achieving sustainable development
No full textIncludes bibliographyThis document was prepared by the consultant, Michiko Iizuka, under the project 'Enhancement of Citizen's Awareness in Formulation of Pollution Control Policies in Major Latin American Cities', which is being carried out by the Environment and Human Settlements Division of ECLAC, with the support from the Government of Japan. The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Organization
Ongoing Archaeological Research on Fais Island, Micronesia
No full textThe third season of archaeological research was carried out on Fais Island in the Caroline Islands at the end of 2005. A deep cultural deposit (more than 3.3 meters) was excavated along the southern coastal deposit from which a number of potsherds, shell artifacts, bone artifacts, and various kinds of natural remains were found. The constant recovery of artifactual remains supports the previous supposition that the island was continuously inhabited since the time of the first colonization. Pigs and dogs (and possibly chickens) have definitely existed on the island since about A.D. 400 afterward. Two charcoal samples obtained from the earliest cultural deposit were securely dated as A.D. 230-410 (Beta-21306) and A.D. 240-420 (Beta213061). These are the earliest dates obtained for the coral islands in the central Caroline Islands. The continuous appearance of potsherds and natural food remains throughout the culture sequence indicates that Fais was permanently settled for the last 1700 years and was not just occupied for a short period of time. On the basis of introduced pottery and domesticated animals, maintaining cultural contacts with high islands could have been a significant way to survive on such small coral islands with limited resources
Island of Pelagic Fishermen: Temporal Changes in Prehistoric Fishing on Fais, Micronesia
No full textPerforming the Author
No full textchs wird in seinem Aufbau durch die drei Phasen des Selbstfindungsprozesses, genauer der Selbsterfindung der ‚Schriftstellerin Yū Miri‘ in ihren Werken und ihren medialen Selbstinszenierungen strukturiert. Es gelingt Iwata-Weickgenannt sehr überzeugend, das Sichtbarmachen der performativen Konstruiertheit von Identität im Werk und Leben Yūs herauszuarbeiten. Sie zeigt dabei auch, dass das Konzept der Performativität ein sehr geeigneter Bezugsrahmen für die Analyse von Identitätsbildungsprozessen ist.The Japanese-Korean author Yū Miri (born in 1968), still fairly unknown in Germany, belongs to those successful contemporary Japanese authors for whom it is typical to be known and celebrated not only for their texts but also for their excessive media presence. The multimedia staging by the author of her self as the ‘author Yū Miri’ sparks just as much interest in the Japanese public and literary scene as do her literary texts. In her book, published by the Munich-based house Iudicium Verlag, Iwata-Weickgenannt provides not only a comprehensive overview of Yū’s literary works published between the years of 1994 and 2005, but she also thematizes the medial representation of ‘Yū Miri’ in her analyses. In the first section of her book, Iwata-Weickgenannt provides a very good overview of the field out of which Yū’s identity problematic as a Japanese-Korean author arises. The second main section of the book is structured along the three phases of the self-discovery process, or rather the self-creation process, o
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