1,721,092 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
DS_10.1369_0022155419871027 – Supplemental material for KIF11 as a Potential Marker of Spermatogenesis Within Mouse Seminiferous Tubule Cross-Sections
No full textSupplemental material, DS_10.1369_0022155419871027 for KIF11 as a Potential Marker of Spermatogenesis Within Mouse Seminiferous Tubule Cross-Sections by Miki Hara-Yokoyama, Hidetake Kurihara, Shozo Ichinose, Hironori Matsuda, Shizuko Ichinose, Masaru Kurosawa, Norihiro Tada, Chihiro Iwahara, Kazue Terasawa, Katarzyna A. Podyma-Inoue, Koichi Furukawa and Kazuhisa Iwabuchi in Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry</p
<Articles>Oikos, Local Society and Emperor in "Strategikon" of Kekaumenos
No full text個人情報保護のため削除部分あり十一世紀のビザンツ貴族ケカウメノスの『ストラテギコン』は、息子たちに宛てた助言と忠告の書である。その第三章は「イエにおいて私的生活を送る」揚合の注意事項を記している。それによると、ケカウメノスのイエは隷属農民を用いた自立的経営体たらんとしていた。また従者の武装という形で軍事力も備えていた。しかしその農業経営は安定したものではなく、軍事面でも、イエは独自の防禦施設をもっていなかった。他方イエ支配者=家長は地域社会において一定の権限を、みずからのイエ支配を基盤として、行使していた。しかし上記のような弱さをもつビザンツのイエは閉鎖的な小宇宙ではありえず、外部世界、とりわけ国家の官職・位階と結びつく傾向を示した。とくに地方長官(大軍事貴族) との結びつきが顕著であるが、それはイエの自立性を侵害する皇帝権力に対する抵抗の組織ともなった。自立性を高めつつもなお国家への依存を必要とするという貴族のイエの性格が、この時代の政治史の動向を規定し、国家・皇帝のあり方にも影響を与えたのである。In 1070s Kekaumenos, a provincial noble, wrote "Strategikon" which was a manual for his young sons, filled with counsels for proper conduct in a variety of situations. In its chapter 3 Kekaumenos gave them advices in case of leading a private life, that is, not holding a government post. He recommended them to conduct oikos, or household, carefully. Chapter 3 may be named "oikonomika'", and by examining it we are able to make out the characteristics of oikos of the 11th century provincial magnates. Oikos of Kekaumenos was to be self-sufficient agricultural management, making use of many servants and peasants. It had a measure of military power, some of the servants were armed by their master, Kekaumenos. But its agricultural management was not stable, and its military power was limited by the fact that oikos did not have military installations such as rampart or moat. The household of the nobles had not come to maturity yet. Householders, masters of oikos, were leader of the local community and had a certain privilege in it. Their leadership depended fundamentally upon the economic and military power of the household. On the other hand, householders looked for the government posts and court titles so as to make their unstable oikos firm. They also entered into personal relations with the local governors. Oikos of the 11th century could not be an autonomous small cosmos. In the 11th century there arose rebellions of the provincial leading aristocrats over and over again, in which many householders took part in order to win what they asked the emperor and government for. On the one hand they aimed at the autonomy of their oikos and tried to reject the interference of the emperor or government. On the other hand they looked for a government post. These two patterns of their behaviour and mentality, which were contradicting each other, were brought about by the pecularity of their oikos. And at the same time they exerted great influence upon the political history and the image of the emperor in those days
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
<Articles>The Accession of Alexius Comnenus
No full text個人情報保護のため削除部分あり一一世紀のビザンツ帝国は一〇八一年のコムネノス朝成立を大きな転機として、それ以前は混乱・衰退の、それ以降は再建・繁栄の時代である。本論文はこの転換を帝国政治体制の変化という観点からとらえなおそうとするものである。一一世紀の混乱時代は、前世紀以来成長を続け、ついに帝位を左右する力をもつに至った大土地所有貴族間の権力闘争の時代であり、帝国の伝統的な皇帝独裁制は重大な修正を要求されていた。危機の基因はここにあり、一一世紀ビザンツ帝国の歴史は彼らの動向を基軸としてとらえるべきである。皇帝権をめぐる有力貴族間の抗争において、皇帝絶対権の理念に対抗するという形で現われたのは古い「選挙王政」的皇帝理念であった。この「選挙王政」の理念は現実には有力貴族の連合支配体制の樹立をめざすものとなる。一〇五七年のイサキオス・コムネノスの反乱から即位の過程において芽ばえながらも挫折した、この貴族連合支配体制は、一〇八一年のアレクシオス・コムネノスを中心とする反乱の結果実現されるに至った。この帝国政治体制の変換こそが、一〇八一年以降の再建・繁栄の第一の要因であった。After the death of Basil II (1025), Byzantine Empire entered upon the period of troubles, frequent changes of rulers, and general decline. It ended with the accession of Alexius Comnenus, the founder of the dynasty of Comneni (1081-1185), and since then the Byzantine Empire kept its position as a great power for a hundred years. The accession of Alexius Comnenus has been regarded as the triumph of the military nobility of the provinces over the civil nobility of the capital. It is also asserted that the use of the pronoia for military ends was the main reason why the Byzantine Empire strengthened its defences under the dynasty of Comneni, the rule of the military nobility. But these interpretations seem to me of dubious validity. Two opposing factions of the nobility, military and civil, belong one and the same social class, the landed aristocracy and their opposition is superficial. Besides, informations of pronoia are very scanty in Comnenian period. This paper will therefore be devoted to attempt at another interpretation of the reconstruction of the Byzantine Empire after 1081. In the llth century landed aristocracy fought amongst themselves as to who of them should take control. This is the real reason why the Empire declined so rapidly in this period. We can therefore make the Byzantine history in the llth century clearer by examining the relation between the Emperor and the landed aristocracy. I will pay special attention to two principles of the imperial accession; election by constitutional elements and hereditary principle. The former, which was older than the latter, was once again put forward in this time of troubles, when the election principle meant the opposition to the traditional monarchy and its aim was to establish the joint rule of landed aristocracy. In 1057 Isaac Comnenus, uncle of Alexius, was proclaimed Emperor by the landed aristocracy of Asia Minor. In spite of the opposition of his supporters, however, he accepted the proposal of Emperor Michael VI that he should be adopted by the Emperor and recognized the heir to the throne. Soon he was crowned Emperor, but he ruled only from 1057 to 1059, hostile aristocrats plotted a conspiracy against him. Twenty four years later Alexius Comnenus was proclaimed Emperor and came to the throne as the result of the alliance of many landed aristocrats. The joint rule of the landed aristocracy had been realized this time. Comparing the accessions of Isaac and Alexius Comnenus, I came to the conclusion that the reconstruction after 1081 should be ascribed to the joint rule of the landed aristocracy which, after the struggles amongst themselves, was realized in the revolution of 1081
- …
