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The Inseparability of Dance and Music: A Case Study on Dancer and Musician in the Ballroom Dance Industry in Japan
No full text男女が対になって踊る社交ダンスは、日本に紹介されて以来、踊り手と音楽演奏家によって行われてきた。そこで行われる身体運用や音楽が「社交ダンス専用」として標準化されていく過程で、踊り手と演奏家の関係は変質していく。以前に比べ、踊り手は、音楽に身体を対応させる契機としてカウント(拍節)を重視するようになり、演奏家は社交ダンス音楽として規定されるところの、一定のリズム・パターンの反復性、テンポの不変性を重視した演奏を志向するようになるのである。このように、かつてよりも厳格な基準に規定された身体運用と音楽の対応関係が整備されていく過程は、舞踊と音楽の不可分性が人為的に作られる過程であったと言える。 では、このことを踏まえたうえで、現在の日本の社交ダンスに見られる踊り手と演奏家の次のような関係をどのように理解すればよいのだろうか。なぜ踊り手は演奏家に不満をもらすのか。なぜ演奏家は踊り手に合わせて演奏することにためらいを抱くのか。社交ダンスにおいて身体運用と音楽の関係が緊密になることは、踊り手と演奏家の関係をも緊密にすることにはつながらないのだろうか。踊り手、演奏家の双方にとって、彼(彼女)ら自身が依拠する身体運用あるいは音楽とは何なのだろうか。本稿では、舞踊と音楽の不可分性の観点からこれらの問いを検討する。検討を通して、舞踊と音楽の双方を視野に入れた研究(舞踊＝音楽研究)に対して、ジャンルを相対化する視点の意義を提示する。Nearly 100 years have passed since the establishment of the Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing (ISTD), one of the world's oldest dance organizations that standardized ballroom dance. The ISTD rules have subsequently spread to the rest of the world, including East Asia. During this process social ballroom dancing, which originally included improvised body movements, has gradually been set apart from performance-oriented ballroom dancing as the latter is performed by predetermined rules for competition or exhibition. One of the greatest changes that occurred is about the relationship between dance and music raised in this article. In this article based on my fieldwork in the Japanese ballroom dance industry, I try to examine the reality of the inseparability between dance and music. Ballroom dancing is performed by a pair of individuals with different bodies. They cannot dance on one's personal plan alone and thus have to pay close attention to each other. But standardization of ballroom dancing "emancipated" those who dance it from troubles that occurred when one couldn't predict the partner's next move or when one tried to inform the partner of the next step. Even among nonprofessionals, the majority of ballroom dancers must learn from their teachers about the "correct" ways of dancing. I will show that ballroom dancing might have become not so much the dynamic bodily "dialogue" between two bodies as the reproduction of predetermined patterns of body movement without uncertainties. Based on this, I also try to open the arena for studying the relationship between dance and music in Japan
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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