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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Prikladnost uporabe niskih doza acetilsalicilatne kiseline u osoba starije životne dobi
No full textCilj istraživanja: Cilj ovog istraživanja je procijeniti prikladnost primjene niskih doza acetilsalicilatne kiseline (ASK) na uzorku nehospitaliziranih bolesnika starije životne dobi, tj. ustanoviti terapijske probleme vezane za ASK. Specifični ciljevi su: 1. Utvrditi udio bolesnika koji imaju prikladno propisanu ASK u terapiji i analizirati prikladne indikacije, 2. Utvrditi udio bolesnika koji imaju neprikladno propisanu ASK i razloge neprikladnog propisivanja ASK, 3. Utvrditi udio bolesnika koji imaju indikaciju za ASK, ali im nije propisana.
Ispitanici i metode: Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku 391 bolesnika starije životne dobi u okviru EuroAgeism Horizon 2020 projekta. Podaci su prikupljeni u javnim ljekarnama pomoću upitnika razvijenog za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Na temelju smjernica za primarnu i sekundarnu prevenciju kardiovaskularnih događaja vodećih kardioloških društava sastavljeni su kriteriji prema kojima se odlučivalo o prikladnosti propisivanja i problemima u terapiji ASK kod bolesnika koji ju koriste.
Rezultati: U ispitivanju je sudjelovao ukupno 391 ispitanik (143 muškaraca i 248 žena). Prosječna dob ispitanika je bila 74,33 (SD=10,65) godine, a u terapiji su imali prosječno šest lijekova. ASK je koristilo 73 (18,67%) ispitanika. Prema sastavljenim kriterijima, 41 (56,16%) je imao indikaciju za primjenu, a 32 (43,84%) nisu imala indikaciju za prikladno propisivanje ASK. 38 (52,05%) je bilo u povećanom riziku od krvarenja, od kojih 22 (57,89%) nisu imali propisan inhibitor protonske pumpe (IPP). 23 ispitanika (22,33%) s kardiovaskularnom bolesti (KVB) i indikacijom za antiagregacijsku terapiju, ASK nije bila propisana (niti drugi antiagregacijski lijek ili antikoagulans).
Zaključak: Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na značajan udio ispitanika u kojih propisivanje i korištenje ASK nije u skladu s važećim smjernicama kardioloških društava te na potrebu za racionalnijim korištenjem ASK u osoba starije životne dobi budući su one u povećanom riziku od nuspojava povezanih s krvarenjem, a istovremeno i najčešći korisnici ovog lijeka.Objectives: The aim of this research was to assess the appropriateness of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) use in a sample of non-hospitalized elderly patients, i.e. to establish therapeutic problems related to low-dose ASA. The specific objectives were: 1. To determine the proportion of patients who had appropriately prescribed ASA in therapy and to analyze the appropriate indications, 2. To determine the proportion of patients who had inappropriately prescribed ASA and the reasons for inappropriate ASA prescribing, 3. To determine the proportion of patients who had an indication for ASA, but was not prescribed.
Patients and methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 391 elderly patients as part of the EuroAgeism Horizon 2020 project. Data were collected in community pharmacies using a questionnaire developed for the purposes of this research. Based on the guidelines for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events of the leading cardiology societies, criteria were drawn up according to which decisions were made on the appropriateness of prescribing and problems in ASA therapy in patients who use it.
Results: A total of 391 patients (143 men and 248 women) participated in the study. The average age was 74.33 (SD=10.65) years, and they had an average of six drugs in their therapy. ASK was used by 73 (18.67%) patients. According to the compiled criteria, 41 (56.16%) had an indication for use, and 32 (43.84%) did not have an indication for the appropriate prescription of ASA. 38 (52.05%) were at increased risk of bleeding, of which 22 (57.89%) did not have a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). 23 patients (22.33%) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) were not prescribed ASA (nor other antiplatelet drugs or anticoagulants).
Conclusion: The research results point to a significant proportion of patients in whom the prescription and use of ASA is not in accordance with the current guidelines of cardiology societies and the need for more rational use and administration of ASA to elderly patients, since they are at increased risk of side effects related to bleeding, and at the same time, they are the most frequent users of this drug
Phytochemical composition and biological activity of billbery leaves extracts
No full textBiljni polifenolni spojevi intenzivno se istražuju zbog svojih mnogobrojnih i dobro poznatih korisnih učinaka na ljudski organizam. U ovom diplomskom radu ispitani su listovi jedanaest uzoraka biljne vrste Vaccinium myrtillus. Cilj je bio utvrditi antiradikalnu aktivnost ekstrakata, sposobnost inhibicije tirozinaze te sadržaj dvije glavne skupine polifenola: flavonoida i fenolnih kiselina, za koje se smatra da su glavni nosioci tih aktivnosti u biljkama. Nadalje, ispitana je prisutnost arbutina u uzorcima. Sadržaj ukupnih polifenola, flavonoida i fenolnih kiselina u uzorcima određen je spektrofotometrijski. Antiradikalna aktivnost ekstrakata ispitana je pomoću DPPH slobodnog radikala, a inhibicija tirozinaze koristeći enzim iz gljiva. HLPC analizom utvrđen je sadržaj određenih fenolnih kiselina i flavonoida te identifikacija arbutina za koji je još provedena i TLC analiza. Ispitivanja su pokazala da se pojedini ekstrakti međusobno značajno razlikuju u sadržaju ispitivanih spojeva, antiradikalnoj aktivnosti i inhibiciji tirozinaze. Općenito svi uzorci su dobri hvatači slobodnih radikala, dok je učinak na inhibiciju tirozinaze puno slabiji, ali ga ipak prisutan. HPLC analizom utvrđena je prisutnost klorogenske kiseline i hiperozida u svim uzorcima, a p-kumarna kiselina je pronađena samo u jednom uzorku i to onom koji je pokazao najveću inhibiciju tirozinaze. Arbutin je detektiran u tri uzorka, ali u jako malim količinama.Herbal polyphenol compounds are intensively investigated due to their numerous and well-known beneficial effects on the human body. In this thesis, eleven samples of leaves of Vaccinium myrtillus were examined. The aim was to determine the antiradical activity of extracts, the ability to inhibit tyrosinase and the content of the two main groups of polyphenols: flavonoids and phenolic acids, which are considered to be the main carriers of these activities in plants. Furthermore, the presence of arbutin in the samples was tested. The content of total polyphenols, flavonoids and phenolic acids in samples was determined spectrophotometrically. The antiradical activity of the extracts was tested by DPPH free radical, while for tyrosinase inhibition the enzyme from mushrooms was used. The content of certain phenolic acids, flavonoids and arbutin was determined by HPLC analysis. In addition arbutin was analysed using TLC. Results have shown that the extracts differ in the content of the tested compounds, as well as in antiradical activity and inhibition of tyrosinase. Generally, all the samples were good free radical blockers, while the effect on tyrosinase inhibition was much weaker. HPLC analysis determined the presence of chlorogenic acid and hyperoside in all samples, while p-coumaric acid was found only in one sample, the same one that showed the highest inhibition of tyrosinase. Arbutin was detected in three samples, but in very small amounts
Prikladnost uporabe niskih doza acetilsalicilatne kiseline u osoba starije životne dobi
No full textCilj istraživanja: Cilj ovog istraživanja je procijeniti prikladnost primjene niskih doza acetilsalicilatne kiseline (ASK) na uzorku nehospitaliziranih bolesnika starije životne dobi, tj. ustanoviti terapijske probleme vezane za ASK. Specifični ciljevi su: 1. Utvrditi udio bolesnika koji imaju prikladno propisanu ASK u terapiji i analizirati prikladne indikacije, 2. Utvrditi udio bolesnika koji imaju neprikladno propisanu ASK i razloge neprikladnog propisivanja ASK, 3. Utvrditi udio bolesnika koji imaju indikaciju za ASK, ali im nije propisana.
Ispitanici i metode: Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku 391 bolesnika starije životne dobi u okviru EuroAgeism Horizon 2020 projekta. Podaci su prikupljeni u javnim ljekarnama pomoću upitnika razvijenog za potrebe ovog istraživanja. Na temelju smjernica za primarnu i sekundarnu prevenciju kardiovaskularnih događaja vodećih kardioloških društava sastavljeni su kriteriji prema kojima se odlučivalo o prikladnosti propisivanja i problemima u terapiji ASK kod bolesnika koji ju koriste.
Rezultati: U ispitivanju je sudjelovao ukupno 391 ispitanik (143 muškaraca i 248 žena). Prosječna dob ispitanika je bila 74,33 (SD=10,65) godine, a u terapiji su imali prosječno šest lijekova. ASK je koristilo 73 (18,67%) ispitanika. Prema sastavljenim kriterijima, 41 (56,16%) je imao indikaciju za primjenu, a 32 (43,84%) nisu imala indikaciju za prikladno propisivanje ASK. 38 (52,05%) je bilo u povećanom riziku od krvarenja, od kojih 22 (57,89%) nisu imali propisan inhibitor protonske pumpe (IPP). 23 ispitanika (22,33%) s kardiovaskularnom bolesti (KVB) i indikacijom za antiagregacijsku terapiju, ASK nije bila propisana (niti drugi antiagregacijski lijek ili antikoagulans).
Zaključak: Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na značajan udio ispitanika u kojih propisivanje i korištenje ASK nije u skladu s važećim smjernicama kardioloških društava te na potrebu za racionalnijim korištenjem ASK u osoba starije životne dobi budući su one u povećanom riziku od nuspojava povezanih s krvarenjem, a istovremeno i najčešći korisnici ovog lijeka.Objectives: The aim of this research was to assess the appropriateness of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) use in a sample of non-hospitalized elderly patients, i.e. to establish therapeutic problems related to low-dose ASA. The specific objectives were: 1. To determine the proportion of patients who had appropriately prescribed ASA in therapy and to analyze the appropriate indications, 2. To determine the proportion of patients who had inappropriately prescribed ASA and the reasons for inappropriate ASA prescribing, 3. To determine the proportion of patients who had an indication for ASA, but was not prescribed.
Patients and methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 391 elderly patients as part of the EuroAgeism Horizon 2020 project. Data were collected in community pharmacies using a questionnaire developed for the purposes of this research. Based on the guidelines for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events of the leading cardiology societies, criteria were drawn up according to which decisions were made on the appropriateness of prescribing and problems in ASA therapy in patients who use it.
Results: A total of 391 patients (143 men and 248 women) participated in the study. The average age was 74.33 (SD=10.65) years, and they had an average of six drugs in their therapy. ASK was used by 73 (18.67%) patients. According to the compiled criteria, 41 (56.16%) had an indication for use, and 32 (43.84%) did not have an indication for the appropriate prescription of ASA. 38 (52.05%) were at increased risk of bleeding, of which 22 (57.89%) did not have a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). 23 patients (22.33%) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) were not prescribed ASA (nor other antiplatelet drugs or anticoagulants).
Conclusion: The research results point to a significant proportion of patients in whom the prescription and use of ASA is not in accordance with the current guidelines of cardiology societies and the need for more rational use and administration of ASA to elderly patients, since they are at increased risk of side effects related to bleeding, and at the same time, they are the most frequent users of this drug
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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