174 research outputs found
HOMA-IR and the Matsuda Index as predictors of progression to type 1 diabetes in autoantibody-positive relatives
No full textAim/hypothesis We assessed whether HOMA-IR and the Matsuda Index are associated with transitions through stages of type 1 diabetes.Methods Autoantibody (AAb)-positive relatives of individuals with type 1 diabetes (n=6256) from the TrialNet Pathway to Prevention were studied. Associations of indicators of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity (Matsuda Index) with BMI percentile (BMIp) and age were assessed with adjustments for measures of insulin secretion, Index60 and insulinogenic index (IGI). Cox regression was used to determine if tertiles of HOMA-IR and Matsuda Index predicted transitions from Not Staged (= 2 AAbs and normoglycaemia), from Stage 1 to Stage 2 (>= 2 AAbs with dysglycaemia), and progression to Stage 3 (diabetes as defined by WHO/ADA criteria).Results There were strong associations of HOMA-IR (positive) and Matsuda Index (inverse) with baseline age and BMIp (p<0.0001). After adjustments for Index60, transitioning from Stage 1 to Stage 2 was associated with higher HOMA-IR and lower Matsuda Index (HOMA-IR: HR=1.71, p<0.0001; Matsuda Index, HR=0.40, p<0.0001), as with progressing from Stages 1 or 2 to Stage 3 (HOMA-IR: HR=1.98, p<0.0001; Matsuda Index: HR=0.46, p<0.0001). Without adjustments, associations of progression to Stage 3 were inverse for HOMA-IR and positive for Matsuda Index, opposite in directionality with adjustments. When IGI was used in place of Index60, the findings were similar.Conclusions/interpretation Progression to Stages 2 and 3 of type 1 diabetes increases with HOMA-IR and decreases with the Matsuda Index after adjustments for insulin secretion. Indicators of insulin secretion appear helpful for interpreting associations of progression to type 1 diabetes with HOMA-IR or the Matsuda Index in AAb-positive relatives
VI Curso Internacional de Endocrinología, Diabetes y Metabolismo
No full textDiabetes en niños y adolescentes - no es solo diabetes tipo 1 o tipo 2
Ingrid Libman, Md, Phd
La diabetes mellitus (DM) en la infancia y adolescencia constituye un espectro. Si bien la DM tipo 2 (DM2) es la forma más frecuente en la población en general, la DM tipo 1 (DM1) constituye el tipo más común en la niñez y juventud. Más del 50% de los enfermos afectados con DM1 son diagnosticados durante los primeros años de vida. En la mayoría de los países occidentales, la DM1 constituye más del 90% de los casos diagnosticados en la infancia y adolescencia. La DM2 era considerada hasta hace poco tiempo una enfermedad propia de la edad adulta. Si bien es cierto que continúa siendo más prevalente en este grupo etario, existe evidencia de su aparición con mayor frecuencia en la adolescencia y juventud, en estrecha asociación con el aumento en la prevalencia de la obesidad. La etiología de la DM2 es multifactorial, incluyendo factores genéticos y ambientales, resultando de la combinación de un aumento de la resistencia a la insulina en los tejidos periféricos asociado al incremento del tejido adiposo visceral y a una disfunción progresiva de las células ?.
Por otra parte, una forma con características de ambos tipos, conocida como diabetes “doble” o “híbrida” ha sido descrita más recientemente, Estos jóvenes se presentan con un fenotipo que incluye manifestaciones de la DM2 (obesidad, presencia de acantosis nigricans) al mismo tiempo que muestran evidencia de autoinmunidad dirigida a las células ?, ya sea la presencia de anticuerpos o una respuesta anormal de los linfocitos a antígenos celulares de los islotes, indicadores de DM1
Witching Hours
No full textabstract: Witching Hours is the debut studio album of Chicago-born, Phoenix-residing trumpet player John Michael Sherman. It is a consummation of his work in the Arizona State University jazz studies program both as a performer and composer. Featured on the album are several other musicians who John Michael played alongside throughout his tenure at ASU, including Chaz Martineau on tenor saxophone, Evan Rees on piano, Reid Riddiough on guitar, Vince Thiefain on bass, Matt McClintock on drums, and Dan Meadows on baritone saxophone. The album features seven pieces, all original compositions or arrangements. The first track, "Workin' My Nerves", is a blues shuffle in the key of F. This is followed by "Scarborough Fair", an arrangement of the classic English folk tune in a rock style. The title track, "Witching Hours", is an cadaverous linear composition in 7/4 which is followed by "Goliath", a pseudo-tone poem about the biblical giant. "I Should Have Known" is a pensive ballad featuring an a capella intro and cadenza, followed by the most recent composition, a minor blues-esque piece entitled "Who Said That?" The final track, "Don't Change A Thing", is an upbeat samba which was written in John Michael's first year of college. These pieces demonstrate an understanding of the jazz tradition and exhibit influences from such musicians as Clifford Brown, Freddie Hubbard, Wayne Shorter, and Snarky Puppy. The album was recorded at Tempest Recording in Tempe and produced by Clarke Rigsby. Clarke is a veteran recording engineer and is the first choice of many of Phoenix's finest jazz musicians, including thesis director and head of the ASU jazz department Michael Kocour. The pieces were composed and recorded under the guidance of Mike Kocour and Jeff Libman. Witching Hours represents a culmination of John Michael's course in the Arizona State University jazz department and his endeavors as a trumpet player and composer
Metabolic inflexibility and insulin resistance in obese adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
No full textBACKGROUND
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a comorbidity of childhood obesity.
OBJECTIVE
We examined whole-body substrate metabolism and metabolic characteristics in obese adolescents with vs. without NAFLD.
SUBJECTS
Twelve obese (BMI ≥ 95th percentile) adolescents with and without NAFLD [intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) ≥5.0% vs. <5.0%] were pair-matched for race, gender, age and % body fat.
METHODS
Insulin sensitivity (IS) was assessed by a 3-h hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and whole-body substrate oxidation by indirect calorimetry during fasting and insulin-stimulated conditions.
RESULTS
Adolescents with NAFLD had increased (p 0.1) between groups. Adolescents with NAFLD had higher (p < 0.05) fasting glucose oxidation and a tendency for lower fat oxidation. Adolescents with NAFLD had lower (p < 0.05) insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and lower peripheral IS compared with those without NAFLD. Although respiratory quotient (RQ) increased significantly from fasting to insulin-stimulated conditions in both groups (main effect, p < 0.001), the increase in RQ was lower in adolescents with NAFLD vs. those without (interaction, p = 0.037).
CONCLUSION
NAFLD in obese adolescents is associated with adverse cardiometabolic profile, peripheral insulin resistance and metabolic inflexibility
Analgesia produced by injection of lidocaine into the lateral hypothalamus
No full textThe local anesthetic lidocaine was injected into the lateral hypothalamus (LH) of awake, freely moving rats immediately prior to pain testing with either the formalin or the foot-flick test. Regional anesthesia of the LH resulted in a significant bilateral reduction of pain scores in the formalin test but had no effect in the foot-flick test. The decreased pain in the formalin test was not due to the diffusion of lidocaine into areas surrounding the LH or other possible artifacts. The results provide further evidence of hypothalamic involvement in pain perception and indicate that different neural systems subserve different types of pain.LR: 20061115; PUBM: Print; JID: 7508686; 137-58-6 (Lidocaine); 50-00-0 (Formaldehyde); ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
Explicit strong boundedness for higher rank symplectic groups
No full textThis paper gives an explicit argument to show strong boundedness for for a ring of S-algebraic integers or a semi-local ring. This
gives a quantitative version of a related abstract result in a previous paper
of the author. The results presented further generalize older results regarding
strong boundedness by Kedra, Libman and Martin and Morris from to
. Further, the presented results solve the question of the
asymptotic of strong boundedness for for semi-local case
with an argument that immediately generalizes to all other split Chevalley
groups
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