1,721,101 research outputs found
Supplemental Material7 - Supplemental material for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental Material7 for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types by Vera Nieswand, Matthias Richter, Reinhard Berner, Maja von der Hagen, Anna Klimova, Ingo Roeder, Thea Koch, Rainer Sabatowski and Gudrun Gossrau in Cephalalgia</p
Supplemental Material1 - Supplemental material for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental Material1 for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types by Vera Nieswand, Matthias Richter, Reinhard Berner, Maja von der Hagen, Anna Klimova, Ingo Roeder, Thea Koch, Rainer Sabatowski and Gudrun Gossrau in Cephalalgia</p
Supplemental Material3 - Supplemental material for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental Material3 for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types by Vera Nieswand, Matthias Richter, Reinhard Berner, Maja von der Hagen, Anna Klimova, Ingo Roeder, Thea Koch, Rainer Sabatowski and Gudrun Gossrau in Cephalalgia</p
Supplemental Material2 - Supplemental material for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental Material2 for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types by Vera Nieswand, Matthias Richter, Reinhard Berner, Maja von der Hagen, Anna Klimova, Ingo Roeder, Thea Koch, Rainer Sabatowski and Gudrun Gossrau in Cephalalgia</p
Supplemental Material6 - Supplemental material for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental Material6 for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types by Vera Nieswand, Matthias Richter, Reinhard Berner, Maja von der Hagen, Anna Klimova, Ingo Roeder, Thea Koch, Rainer Sabatowski and Gudrun Gossrau in Cephalalgia</p
Supplemental Material4 - Supplemental material for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental Material4 for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types by Vera Nieswand, Matthias Richter, Reinhard Berner, Maja von der Hagen, Anna Klimova, Ingo Roeder, Thea Koch, Rainer Sabatowski and Gudrun Gossrau in Cephalalgia</p
Supplemental Material5 - Supplemental material for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental Material5 for The prevalence of headache in German pupils of different ages and school types by Vera Nieswand, Matthias Richter, Reinhard Berner, Maja von der Hagen, Anna Klimova, Ingo Roeder, Thea Koch, Rainer Sabatowski and Gudrun Gossrau in Cephalalgia</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Agent-based Modelling of Stem Cells
No full textThe multiagent systems approach has become recognized as a useful approach for mod-
elling and simulating biological complex systems. In this chapter we provide an example of such an approach, which concerns the modelling and simulation of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) system in adults. We are specifically interested in how local cell interactions give rise to well understood properties of systems of stem cells, such as the ability to maintain their own population and to maintain a population of fully differentiated functional cells.
There is a need to establish key cell mechanisms that can produce self-regulating behaviour of HSC systems using different theoretical techniques. It is our belief that modelling the behaviour of HSCs in the adult human body as an agent-based system is the most appropriate way of understanding these mechanisms and the consequent process of self-organisation.
In recent years there has been a growing debate about how stem cells behave in the human body; whether the fate of stem cells is pre-determined or stochastic, and whether the fate of cells relies on their internal state, or on extra-cellular micro-environmental factors. However, current experimental limitations mean that stem cells cannot be tracked in the adult human body. There is no way of “observing” micro-level behaviour. Models and simulations have a crucial role therefore in explaining the relationship of micro-behaviour to macro-behaviour and it now seems that the importance of computational modelling and simulation for understanding stem cells is beginning to be realised in many wet-labs. There have been several attempts to build formal models of these theories, so that predictions can be made about how and why stem cells behave, both individually or collectively.
In this chapter we propose an agent based model which describes at the same time the intracellular behaviour of the cell (i.e., intra-cellular networks) and the cellular level where all the systemic interactions are developed. This enables us to build a multi-level model
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