1,721,343 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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Open-surgery repair of congenital malformation of the chest: Indications, technical tips and outcomes
No full textBackground: Congenital malformations of the chest may influence significantly the life of the patients, because of functional or psychological impairment. The interest for these anomalies has dramatically increased during the last 20 years. In this period, most of the concepts and surgical techniques that had dominated the surgical approaches over the last century have been abandoned or have evolved, leaving more space to non-surgical or minimally invasive treatments, in particular in pediatric patients. In growing children, we prefer to avoid open surgical repair if other minimally or non-invasive methods are available. Nevertheless, in some congenital anomalies the open treatment is still indicated in the pediatric age, as it is the only effective option available. In this review, we will present the open surgical treatment of these less common congenital anomalies of the chest wall: Currarino-Silverman (CS) deformity, Poland syndrome (PS), sternal cleft and Jeune syndrome. Methods: Based on the large experience of two national referral centers of pediatric and thoracic surgery, we present the surgical treatment of the aforementioned thoracic anomalies, including the indications, technical aspects and the outcomes. Results: While pectus excavatum (PE) is usually repaired through a minimally invasive approach and pectus carinatum (PC) is treated with orthotic measures, CS anomaly requires an open sternocondroplasty. Cartilages are removed on both sides of the sternum and the sternal angle is resected. The correction of the lower half of the sternum is achieved either by inserting a retrosternal support or by filling the depression with cartilage tissue. The correction of the thoracic defect in PS is tailored according to the single patient. Removal of prominent cartilages, sternal osteotomies, bridging the costal agenesis with metallic bars or custom-made prosthesis may be necessary in severe cases. Sternal clefts are better repaired early with a primary closure or later on with prosthetic materials. Jeune syndrome in the asphyxiating fatal variant requires lateral thoracic expansion (LTE). Conclusions: In conclusion, chest wall anomalies encompass a large spectrum of deformities of varying severity and functional or cosmetically important impact
Some results of coastal defences monitoring by ground laser scanning technology
No full textA general coastal retreat affects almost all the beaches of the Apulia region (southern Italy). In particular, the coastal strip of the Gulf of Manfredonia shows an evident retreat due to human activity. To control coastal erosion, several defence interventions have been realised: breakwaters, shore parallel defences, and, above all, sev- eral types of groynes (rectilinear, hook-shaped, T-shaped) were built along the shoreline in accordance with local request. Nowadays, there are about 300 coastal defences built up to protect against human activities. A laser scanner survey of these defences, using a Leica Geosystems HDS3000, was carried out between April 2006 and September 2008 to collect data about the beach profiles and changes occurring in the defence framework. The survey work consists of 3D rendering of defences in order to make comparisons between scans of different periods. Overlap between the points cloud of the whole coastline showed that defences preserved their own profile when no human interventions took place. Moreover, throughout the length of the investigated area, not a single trend occurred in the beach profile: according to the defence framework, some stretches of coast display advancing trend, while others are stable or retreating. Therefore, this preliminary study indicated that the changes that occurred in the beach pro- files and defence structures are mainly due to human interventions
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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