1,721,197 research outputs found
Allergen immunotherapy for house dust mite-induced rhinitis: Prescriptive criteria
No full textAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a very common disease. In most cases, therapy is based on symptomatic drugs, while allergen immunotherapy (AIT), which is the only one to act on the cause of the disease, is reserved for patients with a greater burden of disease. In particular, the possible evolution towards asthma substantiates the use of AIT, but requires the availability of diagnostic indices related to the risk of developing asthma. We analyzed the available literature on risk factors for onset of asthma in patients with AR, including bronchial hyperresponsiveness, uncovering by respiratory function tests of airway impairment, measurement of fractioned exhaled nitric oxide, given IgE sensitization pattern, and respiratory infections detected by nasal mucus samples or by particular microbiomes. Most of these risk predictors have been investigated too little or do not have consistent results, while various studies have confirmed that early bronchial impairment in AR patients, particularly concerning small airways, should be considered as prescriptive criteria for AIT. (www.actabiomedica.it)
Will Research on COVID-19 Stimulate the Identification of Immunological Mechanisms Underlying Some Protective Effects?
No full textFactors associated with different results of allergy tests in children with dust mite-induced atopic dermatitis
No full text
Diagnosis of exercise-induced anaphylaxis: current insights [Corrigendum]
Full text linkPravettoni V, Incorvaia C. J Asthma Allergy. 2016;7:191–198.On page 191, Abstract section, line 15, the word “assumption” should have read “consumption”.On page 191, Abstract section, line 19, the word “assumption”should have read “consumption”.On page 194, Table 2, the word “assumption” should have read “consumption”.On page 195, In vivo testing section, line 9, the word “assumption” should have read “consumption”. Read the original article  
New scientific synergies to manage patients with severe rhinitis: allergy diagnosis and treatment for ENT specialists
No full textAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health problem because of its steadily increasing incidence and prevalence that currently concerns about 30% of the worlds population. Although AR is not a disease that reduces the life expectancy, it is a disorder with a major impact on the quality of life of patients, resulting from an impaired social life, school performance and work productivity. Furthermore, AR produces significant costs for its treatment
Functional anatomy of the Eustachian tube
No full textThe Eustachian tube (ET) is divided in 3 portions: a bony portion, a cartilaginous portion, and a junctional portion. From an anatomical-functional point of view, the bony portion of ET is the region of ventilation and clearance of secretions, and is lined by pseudostratified, ciliated, columnar epithelium, with an anti-gravitational direction of the drainage. The ET in the bony portion is in a state of forced opening. The cartilaginous portion is instead the heart of this dynamic system tube, because the mechanism of opening and closing of the tube is at this level. ET is normally closed, and it opens only during swallowing, being essential for good functioning of the middle ear, because it provides ventilation from the nasopharynx to the middle ear, and, at the same time, clearance of secretions from the middle ear-mastoid unit to the nasopharynx. Moreover, the ET protects the middle ear against nasopharyngeal pressure variations, ascending secretions, and microorganisms. The ability to develop all these functions makes the tube a complex organ
Ocular disease patterns caused by genetically related mutants of herpes simplex virus type I
No full textThe phenotypic characteristics, virulence, and resistance to acyclovir (ACG) and 5-iodo-2' deoxyuridine (IDU) were tested for 3 HSV-1 mutants, LV, SV, and SynV, in a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Rabbit eyes injected with LV exhibited severe ocular disease characterized by epithelial keratitis with geographic ulcers and stromal edema. SV induced a mild dendritic keratitis which healed spontaneously within 3 weeks. Syn V produced a wide dendritic keratitis which reached a maximum severity at 5 days after inoculation. Treatment with ACG reduced the severity of the lesions associated with LV and Syn V and completely prevented the lesions associated with SV. Administration of IDU also reduced the severity of the lesions associated with LV and syn V but was completely ineffective in treating those induced by SV. Restriction analysis demonstrated considerable homogeneity among the three mutant strains. Analysis of glycoproteins by SDS-PAGE gel showed that cells infected by Syn ..
Cytology in the diagnosis of rhinosinusitis
No full textNasal cytology is a diagnostic tool currently used in rhinology, with the aim of assessing cell changes in the nasal epithelium exposed to irritant or inflammatory agents. Its rationale is based on the knowledge that nasal mucosa of healthy individuals is constituted by four cytotypes (ciliata, mucipara, striata, and basalis) and does not show other cells except, rarely, neutrophils and, very rarely, bacteria. In this view, the detection of a given cell type different from these is a sign of possible pathology. The advantage and the diffusion of nasal cytology were increased by a number of factors such as the easiness of performance, the non-invasiveness allowing repetition (which is often needed in the efficacy monitoring of medical or surgical treatment of nasal diseases), and the low cost. This makes nasal cytology particularly feasible for application in children. The cytological feature characterizing infectious inflammation is the presence of abundant bacteria, which may be found in extracellular tissue and also inside neutrophils as a result of phagocytosis. In such clinical condition it is important to monitor the disease with cytological controls to verify the significant decrease, or the disappearance of inflammatory cells, which indicates the resolution of the pathology. © 2007 The Authors
- …
