135 research outputs found
SPECTROSCOPIC REMOTE-SENSING OF MOLECULAR CONSTITUENTS IN THE ATMOSPHERE BY LASER-RADAR TECHNIQUES BASED ON OPTICAL SCATTERING PHENOMENA
No full textH. Inaba and T. Kobayasi, Nature, 224, 170, (1969). T. Kobayasi and H. Inaba, Appl. Phys. Letters, 17, 139, (1970). H. Inaba and T. Kobayasi. Invited paper to the Sixth International Quantum Electronics Conference, Kyoto, Japan, September 1970. T. Kobayasi and H. Inaba. Proceedings of IEEE., 58, 1568, (1970).""Author Institution: Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku UniversityThe usefulness of Raman spectroscopy, which is so far recognized as a complementary technique to infrared spectroscopy, can be extended to include various new fields which are unique to itself. The laser-Raman radar scheme detecting the Raman backscattered echoes has been and confirmed experimentally by the present , which is capable of measuring remotely the number density of molecular constituents as well as their species existing not only in the ordinary but also in the polluted atmosphere. This paper wishes to report the operational performance and the experimental results, so far obtained, of our laser-Raman radar as a completely single-ended system for the chemical analysis of the real atmosphere. An alternative method, which utilizes a frequency-tunable dye laser with high repetition rate of pulsed operation is also developed to investigate the resonance spectroscopic effects of a variety of molecules and atoms contained in the lower and upper atmosphere. These effects include the fluorescence and the resonance scatterings along with the resonance Raman scattering, and are expected to improve significantly the sensitivity and the range capability for the constituent analysis of our environmental air
MEASUREMENTS OF RAMAN CROSS SECTIONS FOR VARIOUS GASES IN THE POLLUTED ATMOSPHERE BY MEANS OF PULSED LASER-RAMAN AND PULSE-GATED PHOTON COUNTING METHODS
No full text H. Inaba and T. Kobayasi, Nature 224, 170 (Oct. 1969) T. Kobayasi and H. Inaba, Appl. Phys. Letters 17, 139 (Aug. 1970); Proc. of the IEEE. 58, 1568 (1970). H. Inaba and T. Kobayasi, Paper presented to 26th Symposium on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy N4, Columbus, Ohio, June 14-18, 1971. W. F. Murphy, W. Holzer and H. J. Bernstein, Appl. Spectroscopy 23, 211 (1969). D.G. Fouche and R.K. Chang, Appl. Phys. Letters 18, 579 (June 1971).""Author Institution: Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku UniversityFeasibility and potentiality of the laser radar system which detects the Raman-shifted backscattering, either in non-resonant or resonant nature, from chemical contents of atmospheric pollutants to identify and to monitor remotely their concentrations have been However, for the precise measurement of species concentration, the knowledge on the Raman scattering cross sections is always required. This paper presents the measured result and their comparison of the Raman cross sections of various molecules present in the atmosphere such as relative to that of as a reference gas. We employed primarily a molecular nitrogen laser with 10mW average power at 3371 {\AA}, 20 kW peak power of 10 nsec duration and a repetition rate of 50 Hz. Recently, we have succeeded in the operation of transverse excitation atmospheric (TEA) nitrogen laser at 3371 {\AA} which is applicable to the field-use and also to the laboratory experiments. The Raman scattered radiation was observed in a direction perpendicular to the linearly polarized plane of the incident laser beam. The signal was processed by the pulse-gated photon counting method synchronized with the repetitive laser pulse, which is valuable for detecting extremely weak light signals. The accuracy of our measured cross sections is within 10\% and their values were found to agree well with the pre-laser result by Murphy et and the laser result by Fouche et for several gases. It is noteworthy that band has 15 times and band has 7.2 times larger cross section than that of , due possibly to resonance Raman effect at 3371 {\AA}
Ultraweak Photon Emission from Living States ―Biophoton Imaging and Biophotonic Information Detection―
No full text国際研究会議「自然環境自己調整情報の計測」. 1995年9月15日-16日. 高知大学, 高知県. the first International Conference on Measurements of Autonomic Adjusting Information of Natural Environments ( IC MAAINE '95 ). September 15-16, 1995. Kochi University, Japan.生体組織や器官，細胞，生体関連物質などの多重階層構造をもつ生体系のさまざまなレベルで広く全般的に検知・観測される，普通肉眼では認知できないくらい極微弱な，すなわち極微量のフォトン放射現象であるバイオフォトン(生物フォトン)発光は，生命現象や生理・代謝機能に密接なかかわりをもつことが近年明らかになってきた. 換言すれば，このような生物界に普遍的な極微弱発光現象は巨視的な秩序を保って組識的に統合されているシステムとしての生物・生体が生きているというありのままの状態のもとに発信し，伝えようとしているフォトンのメッセージ―生体光情報と考えられる. 本稿では，可視域を中心として紫外部から近赤外部にわたって発現するこのような生物フォトン放射の主要な特徴や発生機序および各種の発光特性の高感度計測技術の概要をまとめて述べるとともに，空間的・位置的な新しい生体情報である発光パターンの2次元イメージングの基本的事例について報告する.
Biophoton is a new concept representing ultraweak photon emission phenomena closely related to a variety of life processes and biological activities, observable quite generally in nature. Hence these phenomena are considered as a novel source of biological and vital information originating from microscopic and macroscopic systems, such as biomolecular species, cellular organelles, cells, tissues, organs and living systems regardless of differences in biological hierarchy. In an effort to study the essential role of biophoton emission and to clarify its basic mechanisms and information in actual living systems and materials noninvasively, nondestructively and without use of any photosensitizers, we have pursued research and development of highly sensitive technology for detecting, imaging, analyzing and processing the ultraweak biophoton emission, not detectable by the human eye and conventional detection techniques. They include extremely low-noise photon counting systems, computer-based spectral analyzers, two-dimensional photon-counting imaging systems and systems to measure and analyze the optical and quantum statistical properties. This paper reports and discusses recent progress and results of our biophoton emission research with emphasis on their two-dimensional imaging along with summarizing fundarmental characteristics and emission mechanisms of the ultraweak biophoton radiation
Spontaneous Photon Emission from Human Body
No full text国際研究会議「自然環境自己調整情報の計測」. 1995年9月15日-16日. 高知大学, 高知県. the first International Conference on Measurements of Autonomic Adjusting Information of Natural Environments ( IC MAAINE '95 ). September 15-16, 1995. Kochi University, Japan.生物フォトン発光は，生物界において普遍的な生命現象の一つであり，ミクロ～マクロの生体系がきわめて微弱な光を自発的に放つ現象の総称である. これまで筆者らは，通常肉眼では検知できない生物フォトン発光を，高感度に，かつ定量的に捕捉する手法を研究し，種々の計測・分析システムを開発してきた. また，それと同時に，ヒトや動植物の細胞や組織，臓器・器官，さらには生体全体やその局所といったさまざまなレベルを対象として，生物フォトン発光の諸特性の把握に努めてきた. 本文では，人体，とくにその体表面において非侵襲的に計測可能な生物フォトン発光について，これまでに得られた知見の概要を報告する.
Living organisms spontaneously emit an extremely weak form of light often referred to as biophoton emission. In the present study, we report the measurement and characterization of biophoton emission from the surface of human body under various physiological conditions. Our experimental results suggest that biophoton emission carries valuable biomedical information
on the states of the human body. The potential usefullness of biophoton emission as a noninvasive means for diagnostic purposes is also explored
Remote Sensing of Environmental Pollution and Gas Dispersal Using Low Loss Optical Fiber Network System
No full textOptical Remote Sensing of Environmental Pollution and Danger by Molecular Species Using Low-Loss Optical Fiber Network System
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