114 research outputs found
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Closeout for U.S. Department of Energy Final Technical Report for University of Arizona grant DOE Award Number DE-FG03-95ER40906 From 1 February 1995 to 31 January 2004 Grant title: Theory and Phenomenology of Strong and Weak High Energy Physics (Task A) and Experimental Elementary Particle Physics (Task B)
No full textThe following pages describe the high energy physics program at the University of Arizona which was funded by DOE grant DE-FG03-95ER40906, for the period 1 February 1995 to 31 January 2004. In this report, emphasis was placed on more recent accomplishments. This grant was divided into two tasks, a theory task (Task A) and an experimental task (Task B but called Task C early in the grant period) with separate budgets. Faculty supported by this grant, for at least part of this period, include, for the theory task, Adrian Patrascioiu (now deceased), Ina Sarcevic, and Douglas Toussaint., and, for the experimental task, Elliott Cheu, Geoffrey Forden, Kenneth Johns, John Rutherfoord, Michael Shupe, and Erich Varnes. Grant monitors from the Germantown DOE office, overseeing our grant, changed over the years. Dr. Marvin Gettner covered the first years and then he retired from the DOE. Dr. Patrick Rapp worked with us for just a few years and then left for a position at the University of Puerto Rico. Dr. Kathleen Turner took his place and continues as our grant monitor. The next section of this report covers the activities of the theory task (Task A) and the last section the activities of the experimental task (Task B)
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Heavy quark production in heavy-ion collisions
No full textThe results of the full next-to-leading-order calculation of open charm production cross section, via hard parton scattering, for both hadronic and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies are presented. In addition to the total cross section, the transverse momentum and rapidity distributions are included. An effective K-factor which encapsulates the next-to-leading-order corrections and the nuclear effects is presented. The open charm yield will be measured through the correlated dileptons produced when the charm decays. An important background comes from the decay of bottom quarks. Therefore, the open bottom yield from hard parton scatterings is presented. The first next-to-leading-order calculation of the thermal heavy quark production is presented, as well as the dimuon spectrum from both the thermal and the initial fusion charm and bottom production at RHIC energies.This item was digitized from a paper original and/or a microfilm copy. If you need higher-resolution images for any content in this item, please contact us at [email protected] file replaced with corrected file October 2023
Understanding teamwork in trauma resuscitation through analysis of team errors:
No full textAn analysis of human errors in complex work settings can lead to important insights into the workspace design. This type of analysis is particularly relevant to safety-critical, socio-technical systems that are highly dynamic, stressful and time-constrained, and where failures can result in catastrophic societal, economic or environmental consequences. Some examples of such systems include an airplane cockpit, the stock market, a hospital, and a nuclear power plant. The research described in this dissertation focuses on advanced trauma care, an additional example of a socio-technical system in which medical teams use complex work processes while treating severely injured patients early after injury. Despite advances in trauma care over the past few decades, errors are still observable, even among the most experienced teams. This dissertation focuses on teamwork errors. It identifies and analyzes why, when, and how teamwork errors occur in trauma resuscitation. The objective was to gain deep insights and knowledge of the work of trauma teams to inform the development of information technologies to support teamwork and detect and prevent errors. Through an extensive ethnographic study and a mixture of techniques including cognitive work analysis and grounded theory approach, four team error types were identified. These include: interpretation errors, caused by inefficient evidential data integration; communication errors, caused by failures to report critical patient information; management errors, caused by inefficient tracking of the progress of multi-step procedures; and, concurrency errors, caused by parallel activities over the shared resources. Findings from this study have broader applicability to other collaborative and highly dynamic work settings that are prone to human error. This work contributes to the fields of Information Science and Computer-Supported Cooperative Work by adding to the understanding of collaborative information seeking in large collocated teams; identifying the challenges and opportunities for information technology support of teamwork in time- and safety-critical settings; and, providing specific recommendations for technological support of teamwork in trauma resuscitation, a domain of great societal importance.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 187-196)by Aleksandra Sarcevi
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A novel approach in the detection of muon neutrino to tau neutrino oscillation from extragalactic neutrinos
No full textA novel approach is proposed for studying the ν(μ) → ν(τ) oscillation and detection of extragalactic neutrinos. Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), Gamma Ray Bursters (GRB) and Topological Defects are believed to be sources of ultrahigh energy ν(μ) and νₑ. These astrophysical sources provide a long baseline of 100Mpc, or more, for possible detection of ν(μ) → ν(τ) oscillation with mixing parameter Δm² down to 10⁻¹⁷ eV², many orders of magnitude below the current accelerator experiments. The propagation characteristics of upward going muon and tau neutrinos is studied to show that high energy tau neutrinos cascade down in energy as they propagate through the Earth, producing an enhancement of the incoming tau neutrino flux in the low energy region. By contrast, high energy muon neutrinos get attenuated as they traverse the Earth. It is observed that the relative steepness of the incoming neutrino flux spectrum and the nadir angle of the Earth are two important factors that influence the enhancement and cascade of nutau flux. This effect provides a novel way to search for tau neutrino appearance by measuring the angular dependence of tau neutrino induced upward muons; and upward hadronic and electromagnetic showers. A Monte Carlo evaluation of tau survival probability and its range shows that at energies below 10⁷ - 10⁸ GeV, depending on the material, only tau decays are important. However, at higher energies the tau energy losses are significant, hence reducing the survival probability of tau. Here, tau energy loss for energies up to 10⁹ GeV have been calculated taking into consideration the decay of tau. An understanding of tau energy loss at very high energies could help with the interpretation of long tracks produced by charged particles in large underground detectors
Open charm production in hadronic and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies to O(αs3)
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Towards a field theoretical description of multiparticle production in high energy collisions
No full textWe present an effective field theory of multiparticle correlations based on analogy with Ginzburg-Landau theory of superconductivity. With the assumption that the field represents particle density fluctuations, and in the case of gaussian-type effective action we find that there are no higer-order correlations, in agreement with the recent observations in high energy heavy-ion collisions. We predict that three-dimensional two-particle correlations have Yukawa form. We also present our results for the two-dimensional and one-dimensional two-particle correlations (i.e. cumulants) as projections of our theory to lower dimensions.We present an effective field theory of multiparticle correlations based on analogy with Ginzburg-Landau theory of superconductivity. With the assumption that the field represents particle density fluctuations, and in the case of gaussian-type effective action we find that there are no higer-order correlations, in agreement with the recent observations in high energy heavy-ion collisions. We predict that three-dimensional two-particle correlations have Yukawa form. We also present our results for the two-dimensional and one-dimensional two-particle correlations (i.e. cumulants) as projections of our theory to lower dimensions
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