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Destitute or Situate:A Few Remarks on the Exchange between Julien Coupat and Eric Hazan and Jean-Luc Nancy (January-February 2016)
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Was in der politischen Theorie unsichtbar bleibt: Rezension zu "Präfiguration: Zur Politizität einer transformativen Praxis" von Paul Sörensen
Get PDFPaul Sörensen: Präfiguration: Zur Politizität einer transformativen Praxis. Philosophie & Kritik, Bd. 1. Frankfurt am Main / New York: Campus Verlag 2023. 978-3-593-51694-
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Disaster in Crisis:Social Reproduction Struggles during the Long American Downturn
Get PDFSince the inception of disaster studies in academia after WWII, two kinds of actors have been distinguished as involved in disasters. On the one hand, disasters involve formal actors, such as professional aid workers employed by state-run relief agencies; on the other hand, disasters involve informal actors, including disaster victims, bystanders and volunteers. While in the immediate post-war years the role of the expert in disaster mitigation was valorised, since the 1970s there has been a shift in emphasis toward a more horizontal type of disaster relief that champions grassroots initiatives and bottom-up organising as the preferred method to combat disaster. Once construed as strictly a responsibility of the state, the mitigation and management of disasters has shifted since the 1970s into a matter for civil society: a shift which has been heralded as progressive, democratic and inclusive by existing disaster research.In the following, I argue that this perspective that valorises the participation of actors from civil society in the fight against disasters fails to grasp the systematic reconfiguration of social life that has taken place in the last decades of the 20th century under the banner of disaster. Focussing on the modifications to disaster management in the United States between 1970 and 2012, I show how the inclusion of civil society in the provision of aid services was accompanied by a structural withdrawal of the state from disaster relief and other welfare services. I contextualise this withdrawal in the US government’s general turn to austerity in response to the economic crisis of the 1970s. My account couples the notion of disaster with that of economic crisis on the one hand and structural violence on the other to examine disasters as a specific problem for social reproduction. Disaster thus becomes a lens through which to study the changing roles of the state and civil society in the overall management of social reproduction. Mapping the changes in the disaster sector onto the Long American Downturn between 1970 and 2012, I trace the following double-movement that has affected the spheres of the state and civil society in the second half of the 20th century. On the state level, I examine a movement of inclusion, in which formerly specialist authority on disasters is relinquished and the vernacular skills and capacities of the people are drawn on during emergencies. On the level of civil society, I show how this inclusion is complicated by a real movement of social exclusion, indexed by the increasingly harsh US austerity politics and the exponentially rising unemployment since the 1970s, that raises the number of surplus populations to staggering dimensions. This development informs my hypothesis regarding emergencies today: During the Long American crisis since the 1970s, disasters have served as occasions that absorb the reproductive labour of surplus populations as unwaged inputs, legitimising the U.S.state’s cutback on social spending. I discuss this dynamic in relation to three distinct case studies that travel from California over Chicago to New York to study the patterns of struggle and contestation that communities develop when faced with disasters
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