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    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Reading Liegi’s urban and aggregative organism

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    La ricerca, elaborata nel Laboratorio di Laurea su Liegi, istituito nel Dipartimento dICAR del Politecnico di Bari, ricostruisce le fasi di formazione dell’organismo urbano capoluogo della Vallonia. L’analisi eseguita a una scala territoriale ha permesso di ricostruire la dinamica di formazione delle città della Gallia del Nord che trovano con la fase romana una strutturazione modulare degli insediamenti, collocati sulla Mosa e nelle prime propaggini interne e collinari, dimostrando un più evoluto stadio civile che resta patrimonio ereditato dai Merovingi e Carolingi. Il primitivo insediamento di Liegi nasce all’intersezione di percorsi territoriali che si relazionano con l’asse fluviale della Mosa. Una villa romana risalente al I secolo favorisce, in seguito, la formazione in epoca merovingia di un nuovo nucleo insediativo. Da un iniziale sistema costituito da abitazioni sparse, specialmente nell’area di Place Saint Lambert, si passa a una struttura pianificata sul percorso verso il Publemont, con lotti molto grandi riconducibili, con ogni probabilità, alle dimensioni tipiche della casa a corte di origine romana. Il X secolo trova in tutta l’area vallona, e nella stessa Liegi, una diversa organizzazione degli insediamenti intrapresa dai vescovi che impiantano grandi cattedrali e avviano lottizzazioni estese nell’abitato murato con il tipo della casa a schiera. Intrecciando i dati storico-documentari con l’individuazione dell’edilizia specialistica e con le evidenze del costruito, rilevabili attraverso il catastale ottocentesco, sono state ricostruite le fasi dell’organismo urbano che pare trovare un progressivo e controllato sviluppo fino all’Ottocento. Fase in cui iniziano le cospicue trasformazioni di interramento dei canali che mutano l’assetto delle percorrenze e l’organicità del sistema urbano.The research elaborated in fial workshop in the city of Liege, established by the department dICAR in the Polytechnic in Bari, re-build the formation different phases of Wallonia’s main town. The analysis carried out at a regional scale has allowed us to reconstruct the dynamics formation of Gaul North cities; during the Roman dominion we fid a modular structure of settlements , which are located on the Meuse and in the foothills and hilly interior, showing a more advanced civil level inherited by Merovingian and Carolingian. The original settlement of Liege is located at the intersection of territorial routes related to the axis of the river Meuse. A Roman villa dating back to the 1st century is the core for a new settlement during the Merovingian era. From a fist settlement system consisting of scattered houses, especially in the Place Saint Lambert, we notice to a planned structure on the route towards the Publémont, with very large batches due, in all probability,to the typical size of the Roman home courtyard. The 10th century in the whole area of Wallonia and Liege there is a different organization of the settlements undertaken by the bishops, that install great cathedrals and starting an extensive subdivisions of the land extended up to the settled area introducing the type of the row house. The phases of the urban organism were reconstructed correlating together the historical data with the specialized buildings and the reality, detectable through the 19th century cadastral; the urban organism seems to fid a progressive and controlled development until the 19th century. After that, there is a substantial transformations of closed canals that change the structure of the place and the organic nature of the urban system

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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