7,963 research outputs found
Herbert Spiegelberg: From Munich to North America
Full text linkItem does not contain fulltextThe chapter contains a brief intellectual biography of Herbert Spiegelberg, building on his numerous autobiographical remarks. It provides a survey of Spiegelberg’s early life and works and his German period, focusing more extensively on his American period. The chapter considers in some detail three important themes in Spiegelberg’s works. First, Spiegelberg’s role in spreading and developing the phenomenological method in the United States through the organization of his workshops, based on ideas from his teachers Reinach and Pfänder to phenomenologize “co-subjectively”. Second, his life-long concern with the development of a phenomenological ethics and the detailed development of the core notion of “deontic state of affairs” (Sollverhalt). Last but not least, his monumental contribution to the historiography of phenomenology with his The Phenomenological Movement. The chapter takes a critical look at the early controversies with Farber on the idea of a phenomenological “movement” in order to clarify and qualify Spiegelberg’s own conception of phenomenology
Sulla filosofia in quanto istituzione sessuata: Ripraticare l'ordine del discorso filosofico attraverso la differenza sessuale in Adriana Cavarero
No full textL’articolo si concentra sull’analisi della filosofia come istituzione affermatasi neutrale che, tuttavia, si rivela sessuata al maschile attraverso la comprensione del concetto di «differenza sessuale» per come teorizzato da Adriana Cavarero. Utilizzando il quadro concettuale della filosofia come «pratica» intrecciata alle pratiche di vita sviluppato da Carlo Sini, e quello di «ordine del discorso» fornito da Michel Foucault, vengono esplicitate le premesse e le conseguenze dell’ordine del discorso nell’elaborazione dei concetti, per poi presentare delle possibilità di un suo ripensamento attraverso la prassi teorica di Adriana Cavarero – di cui viene proposta un’analisi e sono presentati dei risultati rilevanti anche per il contesto attuale. L’ipotesi in esame suggerisce che la pretesa di neutralità e universalità della filosofia sia minata dalla consapevolezza che il pensatore è un essere vivente la cui esperienza di vita, compresa la propria sessuazione, permea sia il mondo della vita che il mondo del sapere. Dunque, la formazione dei concetti filosofici risulta vincolata alla prospettiva sessuata del soggetto che li elabora. Di conseguenza, l’ordine del discorso neutrale rappresenta tanto lo scacco del pensiero delle donne quanto l’occasione di essere ripraticato. Infine, l’articolo propone una riflessione sui cambiamenti istituzionali avvenuti tra gli anni Ottanta, il periodo di riferimento per la formulazione teorica di Cavarero su cui l’articolo si sofferma, e la situazione attuale dell’Università Italiana in relazione alle questioni di genere
Diversity in Philosophy
No full textItem does not contain fulltextZe zijn er: de niet-westerse en vrouwelijke filosofen. Maar ze komen nog weinig voor in de filosofieboeken. Vanwaar dit gebrek, moeten we dit veranderen, en zo ja: hoe?
Filosofiedocent en onderzoeker Carlo Ierna vertelt ons over zijn beginnend project aan de VU om de canon van de filosofiegeschiedenis te vernieuwen, en daarmee representatiever te maken door niet-westerse en vrouwelijke filosofen een plek te geven. In deze workshop word je geprikkeld om actief over dit onderwerp na te denken en in gesprek over te gaan met je collega-docenten.VFVO-studiedag, 25 september 202
La realtà pratica della differenza sessuale oltre il naturalismo simbolico. Adriana Cavarero, Judith Butler e Anne Fausto-Sterling con Carlo Sini
No full textThis article explores the interplay between gendered practices, scientific naturalism, and the embodied dimension of sexual difference in the realms of life and knowledge. Drawing on Sini’s thought of practices, it first examines the formation of certainties and truths, particularly in relation to naturalistic certainties. It then argues for the necessity of integrating the sexed dimension of experience into gender-blind practical thought, adopting Cavarero’s symbolic perspective on sexual difference. Through Preciado’s critique, the article analyzes the risks inherent in the concept of symbolic order, which remains genealogically rooted in the biological binary, raising the question of whether a queer symbolic can exist within symbolic binaristic certainties. This issue is examined in dialogue with Cavarero’s methodology, which rethinks stereotypical certainties about femininity – such as maternity – while highlighting the dangers of reducing maternity to biological stereotypes, particularly in relation to the generative capacities of trans* people. The article then investigates the recent shift in Cavarero and Guaraldo’s theorization of sexual difference to a naturalistic framework, as seen in its association with the abstract reproductive capacities of women. Engaging with Fausto-Sterling and Butler, it assesses the notion of biological certainty in relation to sexual dimorphism, revealing how scientific naturalism renders intersexed bodies invisible. Finally, the article proposes a queer approach to sexual difference, seeking to investigate it as a practical matrix of sexed experiences – that can be embraced or resisted – moving beyond a focus on adult reproduction and adopting an interactionist practical model that centers on the sexed becoming
Diversity in Philosophy
No full textZe zijn er: de niet-westerse en vrouwelijke filosofen. Maar ze komen nog weinig voor in de filosofieboeken. Vanwaar dit gebrek, moeten we dit veranderen, en zo ja: hoe?
Filosofiedocent en onderzoeker Carlo Ierna vertelt ons over zijn beginnend project aan de VU om de canon van de filosofiegeschiedenis te vernieuwen, en daarmee representatiever te maken door niet-westerse en vrouwelijke filosofen een plek te geven. In deze workshop word je geprikkeld om actief over dit onderwerp na te denken en in gesprek over te gaan met je collega-docenten
Michelstaedter Carlo
No full textPressoché tutti gli scritti di Carlo Michelstaedter furono pubblicati solo dopo il suo sucidio, prima dagli amici V. Arangio-Ruiz e G. Chiavacci e, più recentemente, in molte altre edizioni che l’hanno reso uno dei filosofi italiani più letti e studiati del primo Novecento. La sua riflessione si radica in un contesto mitteleuropeo attraversato da crisi esistenziali e influenze filosofiche che spaziano da Parmenide e Eraclito fino a Ibsen e Nietzsche. Egli critica la “rettorica”, che rappresenta la sottomissione agli interessi egoistici e alle strutture di potere; alla retorica egli contrappone il “benificio”, inteso come apertura disinteressata all’altro, e la “persuasione” quale aspetto soggettivo di colui che agisce il beneficio: la carica emotiva che lo abita. Figure esemplari di persuasione sono in Michelstaedter non solo esponenti del pensiero filosofico e artistico, ma anche grandi riferimenti religiosi come l’autore dell’Ecclesiaste e Cristo.
Parole chiave: Carlo Michelstaedter; persuasione e rettorica; beneficio; Ecclesiaste; Cristo
Almost all of Carlo Michelstaedter’s writings were published only after his suicide, first by friends V. Arangio-Ruiz and G. Chiavacci, and more recently in many other editions that have made him one of the most read and studied Italian philosophers of the early twentieth century. His reflection is rooted in a Central European context marked by existential crises and philosophical influences ranging from Parmenides and Heraclitus to Ibsen and Nietzsche. He criticizes ‘rhetoric,’ which represents submission to selfish interests and power structures; against rhetoric, he opposes ‘benefit,’ understood as a disinterested openness to the other, and ‘persuasion’ as the subjective aspect of the one who acts for the benefit: the emotional charge that inhabits him. Exemplary figures of persuasion in Michelstaedter are not only representatives of philosophical and artistic thought but also great religious references such as the author of Ecclesiastes and Christ.
Keywords: Carlo Michelstaedter; persuasion and rhetoric; benefit; Ecclesiastes; Chris
Mathesis Universalis from Leibniz to Husserl
Full text linkThe idea of a mathesis universalis plays a prominent role in Edmund Husserl’s Formal and Transcendental Logic (FTL). It is clear that at this mature stage of his philosophy the idea he refers to with “mathesis universalis” is in large part due to Husserl’s own development and cannot be straightforwardly derived from one single author or source anymore. In a historical respect, of course, the idea is most strongly associated with Leibniz, and indeed we see that Husserl does re- fer repeatedly to him in FTL when discussing the mathesis universalis (e.g. § 23b). However, Leibniz is not the only author that is relevant for the specific way in which Husserl fills out the notion of mathesis universalis, since he also repeatedly refers to more recent 19th century authors such as Bolzano and Lotze, as well as early modern authors such as Vieta and Descartes. Here, as elsewhere, we see Husserl’s eclecticism at work
Enhancing quasi-Monte Carlo methods via delta dimension and directional control technique
No full textDas intentionale Objekt als Unding:Intentionalität ohne Gegenstände
No full textThe so-called “intentional object” occupies a central position in the debates about intentionality in Brentano and the Brentano School. How does it relate to the correlate, the content, or the intended, possibly external, transcendent object? Does it perhaps even coincide with one of these? There was no clear consensus on this neither in Brentano's time nor today. In order to develop a new perspective on the problem of the intentional object, I would like to introduce a deliberately radical interpretation and related terminological change: what if we were to avoid any talk of “object” in this context altogether? Perhaps this could help avoid the ambiguities and misunderstandings associated with talk of “intentional objects.” In my contribution I would like to sketch such an interpretation and consider whether this attempt could be useful to reframe the debate.</p
Die Gestalten und das Gestalten der Welt
Full text linkIn seiner Kosmogonie bespricht Ehrenfels den Ursprung, die Entwicklung, und das endgültige Schicksal des Universums: die Gestalt der Welt. Einerseits ist sie ein Kosmos, ein Geschöpf des Ordnungsprinzips, andererseits ein Chaos, als Resultat des Prinzips des Zufalls und der Entropie. Diese beiden komplementären kosmischen Prinzipien generieren die Welt, welche nicht aus einem absichtlichen Willen, sondern einem blinden Gestalten hervorkommt. Nach Ehrenfels, nehmen wir Menschen Teil an dem Gestalten der Welt und so kommt allmählich in und durch uns das Ordnungsprinzip zum Selbstbewusstsein. Nur so erhält das blinde Gestalten der Welt ein Ziel und eine Bedeutung. In seinen späteren Schriften zur Religion der Zukunft verdeutlicht Ehrenfels, dass alle Intellekte an dem göttlichen Intellekt mitpartizipieren, was er durch die Theorie der „Supraposition der Bewusstseinseinheiten“ erklärt. Wenn jede Zelle bereits eine Art „Bewusstsein“ hat, dann ist nicht nur jede einzelne meiner Gehirnzellen selbst bewusst, sondern sie konstituieren auch kollektiv mein einheitliches Gesamtbewusstsein als Mensch. Darüber hinaus konstituieren wir kollektiv ebenfalls „Persönlichkeiten höherer Ordnung“: so gestalten wir nicht nur die Welt, sondern auch ihren göttlichen Gestalter
- …
