813 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-jre-10.1177_15562646211053538 - Supplemental material for The Challenges of Big Data for Research Ethics Committees: A Qualitative Swiss Study
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jre-10.1177_15562646211053538 for The Challenges of Big Data for Research Ethics Committees: A Qualitative Swiss Study by Agata Ferretti, Marcello Ienca, Minerva Rivas Velarde, Samia Hurst and Effy Vayena in Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics</p
Clinical practice and human enhancement
No full textClinical practice (or therapy) is generally the restoration (or preservation) of a previous (or average) condition in the population. Enhancement is the improvement of a person's natural capacities by heterogeneous means for them to acquire more skills and, therefore, access more opportunities. The two are in principle very different processes, but the line between them can become blurred. With the rapid improvement of medical treatments and technological progress, it may seem neither feasible nor even necessary to try to separate clinical practice from enhancement. However, there are pressing ethical and social reasons why this distinction should be preserved as far as possible at the analytical level. In fact, according to certain values that appear to be shared in liberal-democratic societies, warnings and rules concerning so-called therapeutic enhancement are functional in order to avoid excesses or collateral negative effects that outweigh the direct benefits obtained through interventions that go “beyond therapy.” In this chapter, we will deal with genetic engineering in medicine, cognitively enhancing drugs, and devices, as well as research into improving longevity. In all these cases, dutiful attempts to restore a state of health, to maintain it over time or to increase an individual's well-being may also lead to situations that need ethical scrutiny and, in some cases, regulation
Ethics guidelines for AI
No full text<p>This is the dataset corresponding to the supplementary information (Table S2) published in the following article:</p>
<p>Jobin, A., Ienca, M. & Vayena, E. The global landscape of AI ethics guidelines. <em>Nat Mach Intell</em> <strong>1</strong>, 389–399 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-019-0088-2</p>
<p>You are free to use any of its data on the condition of citing this dataset: Jobin, A., Ienca, M., & Vayena, E. (2019). Ethics guidelines for AI [Data set]. <em>Zenodo/The Authors</em>. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10966287</p>
Sense of agency in human-human and human-computer interactions
No full textThe sense of agency (SoA)—a matter that is the subject of lively debate across the
philosophy and the cognitive (neuro)science of action—describes the subjective
experience and judgement of controlling one’s intentional actions and their effects
on the outside world. As such, it can be regarded as a fundamental underpinning of
moral responsibility for the consequences of one’s behaviour. Empirical evidence has
shown that the SoA, and consequently our subjective sense of responsibility, tends to
be modulated by contextual or external factors such as the fluency of the action
selection process and the outcome valence. Crucially, it is also influenced by the
presence of other interacting human agents. In addition to these more traditional
research topics, recent attention has been directed towards exploring interactions
with artificial devices, sometimes perceived as having their own intentionality. This is
particularly true for devices that are equipped with forms of artificial intelligence. This
perception can also affect the human SoA and responsibility for action. In this chapter,
I review this evidence and discuss the conceptual and empirical implications of this
line of research
La Vestale 'incesta'
No full textMarcello Salvadore: La Vestale incesta.
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Pliny the Younger and Plutarch are the sources
of a detailed account of Vestalis incesta’s punishment: they say that she was
sentenced to death. Dionysius adds that there was no after death ritual.
Modern scholars generally accept what the three authors assert. In this article
the author surmises that the Vestalis incesta, together with the parricida, was
not condemned to death: both of them were sentenced to a particular kind
of banishment from the Society
De Lope a Celano: la adaptación italiana de "Los tres diamantes"
Full text linkAbstract
This paper explores an Italian adaptation of Lope de Vega’s play Los tres diamantes, written in the
second part of the seventeenth century. Its author, Carlo Celano, was a famous writer of opere regie,
i.e., adaptations of Spanish comedies of situation. The analysis focuses on the way in which the
adaptation of the Aristotelian units of space and time leads to a reduction of the characters and a
simplification of the situation, although this is compensated by enriching its ludic component. This
last trait can be also observed in a previous re-elaboration of Lope’s comedy, the scenario of the
Commedia dell’arte titled Il cavaliere dai tre gigli d’oro
Democratizing cognitive technology: a proactive approach
No full textISSN:1388-1957ISSN:1572-8439ISSN:1572-843
Due note critiche
Full text linkMarcello Garzaniti
Answers to Criticism
The author answers to the critics of M. Capaldo and A.Giambelluca Kossova with the aim to bring the different proposed questions back into the sphere of scientifi c dialogue
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