1,721,018 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pengaruh Pemberian Minyak Jintan Hitam (Nigella Sativa Oil) Terhadap Sel Punca Hipokampus Mencit Yang Diberi Temozolomid
No full textHippocampus plays a pivotal role in learning and memory formation. Subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in hippocampus is the residence of neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) that can proliferate and differentiate into newborn mature neurons in sdulthood. This process is called adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Medications such as Temozolamide (TMZ) has been shown to give negative impact on neurogenesis. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on NPCs proliferation after TMZ treatment.
This was an experimental study with post test only design. Female adult mice (n=20) were housed in 4 groups : control (aquadest p.o + NaCl 0,9 % i.p); P0 (aquadest p.o + TMZ i.p); P1 (TMZ i.p + MJH 0,1 ml p.o) ; P2 (TMZ i.p + MJH 0,2 ml p.o.). MJH is given from week 1 to week 9 while TMZ is given at week 2 to week 5 (3 times / week). At 6 weeks a BrdU injection (i.p.) injection is performed to mark cell proliferation levels under TMZ. At the end of the 9th week the mice were sacrificed, the next brain preparation was performed immunohistochemical staining on the slices of brain tissue with diaminobenzidine (DAB) to observe the positive cells of BrdU. In addition, staining of the Ki67 proliferation marker was observed to observe cell proliferation after 5 weeks without TMZ effect. The result of observation is the number of positive cell of BrdU or Ki67 per area of gentle dentatus (mm2).
Based on the observations, the density of Brdu (cell/mm2) positive cell count was found with significant decrease in group P0 (178.7 ± 16,19), P1 (206.9 ± 16.19) and P2 (163.8 ± 20.18 ) compared with controls (299.9 ± 29.58) (p <0.05). This suggests that a decrease in proliferation due to TMZ still occurs despite being given MJH. While Ki67 positive cell density was not significant difference between control group (288.4 ± 21.64) with P1 (307.0 ± 17.82) and P2 (277.2 ± 11.57). However, the P0 group (198.8 ± 15.19) of Ki67 positive cells was lower than in the other group (p<0.05). This suggests that after TMZ is discontinued (at week 5) there is a better recovery rate of cell proliferation in the group given MJH than without MJH. Between these two MJH doses, there is no difference in the number of Ki67 positive cells that are significant so there is no need for larger doses to cause this effect. Thus it can be inferred that MJH has an effect in increasing the recovery of cell proliferation rate after TMZ administration is discontinued.Hipokampus adalah struktur otak yang berperan dalam proses belajar dan memori yang juga merupakan lokasi dari proses neurogenesis dewasa. Populasi sel punca yang terdapat pada zona subgranular (SGZ) dari dentate gyrus di hippocampus memiliki kapasitas untuk melakukan proliferasi dan diferensiasi menjadi sel neuron matur. Obat kemoterapi seperti temozolomid (TMZ) dapat menyebabkan terganggunya proses neurogenesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati pengaruh minyak jintan hitam (MJH) terhadap penurunan sel punca hipokampus akibat temozolomid.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan design post test only. Mencit betina (n=20) dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu: kontrol (aquadest p.o + NaCl 0,9 % i.p); P0 (aquades secara p.o + TMZ i.p); P1 (TMZ i.p + MJH 0,1 ml, p.o); P2 (TMZ i.p + MJH 0,2 ml p.o.). MJH diberikan mulai minggu ke-1 sampai minggu ke-9 sedangkan TMZ diberikan pada minggu ke-2 sampai minggu ke-5 (3 kali/minggu). Pada minggu ke-6 mencit diinjeksi BrdU (i.p.) untuk menandai tingkat proliferasi sel di bawah pengaruh TMZ. Pada akhir minggu ke-9 mencit dikorbankan, disiapkan preparat otak selanjutnya dilakukan pewarnaan imunohistokimia pada irisan jaringan otak dengan diaminobenzidine (DAB) untuk mengamati sel yang positif BrdU. Di samping pewarnaan terhadap marker proliferasi Ki67 untuk mengamati kondisi proliferasi sel setelah 5 minggu tanpa pengaruh TMZ. Hasil pengamatan berupa jumlah sel positif BrdU atau Ki67 per luas area girus dentatus (mm2).
Berdasarkan pengamatan diperoleh kepadatan jumlah sel (sel/mm2) positif Brdu dengan penurunan yang bermakna pada kelompok P0 (178,7±16,19), P1 (206,9 ± 16,19) dan P2 (163,8 ± 20,18) dibandingkan dengan kontrol (299,9 ± 29,58) (p<0.05). Ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi penurunan proliferasi akibat TMZ tetap terjadi walaupun diberikan MJH. Sedangkan kepadatan sel positif Ki67 tidak terjadi perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok kontrol (288,4 ± 21,64) dengan P1 (307,0 ± 17,82) dan P2 (277,2 ± 11,57). Namun kelompok P0 (198,8 ± 15,19) sel positif Ki67 yang lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok lainnya (p<0.05). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa setelah TMZ dihentikan (pada minggu ke 5) berarti terjadi pemulihan laju proliferasi sel yang lebih baik pada kelompok yang diberikan MJH dibandingkan tanpa MJH. Antara kedua dosis MJH, tidak terdapat perbedaan dalam jumlah sel positif Ki67 yang signifikan sehingga tidak diperlukan dosis yang lebih besar untuk menimbulkan efek ini. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan MJH memiliki efek dalam meningkatkan pemulihan laju proliferasi sel setelah pemberian TMZ dihentikan.Tesis Magiste
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
