1,720,958 research outputs found
Multi-model approach to identify potential problems in a contract
Full text linkOs contratos sustentam a maioria das transações comerciais modernas, definindo os deveres e obrigações das partes relacionadas em um contrato, e garantir que esses contratos estejam livres de erros é crucial para a sociedade moderna. A análise de um contrato requer a compreensão das relações lógicas entre cláusulas e a identificação de possíveis contradições, que, por sua vez, dependem de esforços humanos para entender cada cláusula no qual são suscetíveis a erro. Neste trabalho, desenvolvemos uma abordagem para automatizar essas análises, identificando relações lógicas e detectando possíveis conflitos nas cláusulas contratuais. A abordagem resultante deve ajudar os autores do contrato a detectar possíveis conflitos lógicos entre as cláusulas.Contracts underlie most modern commercial transactions defining the duties and obligations of the related parties in an agreement, and ensuring such contracts are error-free is crucial for modern society. The analysis of a contract requires understanding the logical relations between clauses and identifying potential contradictions, which, in turn, depends on error-prone human effort to understand each clause. In this work, we develop an approach to automate such analyses identifying logical relations and detecting potential conflicts in contract clauses. The resulting approach should help contract authors detecting potential logical conflicts between clauses
Barquitetura De Agentes Autonomos Para Ambientes Textuais Baseada Em Bdi
No full textDesenvolver agentes autônomos para lidar com problemas do mundo real é desafiador, principalmente quando os desenvolvedores não são necessariamente especialistas em inteligência artificial. Avanços recentes em aprendizado de máquina para lidar com tarefas de processamento de linguagem natural estão atingindo níveis de desempenho relevantes para aplicações práticas, embora essas abordagens dependam de modelos opacos e obscuros. Esses fatores impõe três desafios em relação à interface da programação com o desenvolvedor, a eficiência dos agentes resultantes e a avaliação de seu comportamento. Nesta tese, abordamos esses desafios por meio de uma arquitetura eficiente de agentes que aproveita os desenvolvimentos recentes em processamento de linguagem natural e a abstração intuitiva da psicologia popular representada pela arquitetura de beliefs, desires, intentions (BDI). A arquitetura resultante lida com ambientes de linguagem natural utilizando técnicas existentes de aprendizado de máquina para aprimorar as capacidades de raciocínio do agente, ao mesmo tempo em que permite que um desenvolvedor o instrua de forma mais direta, usando a linguagem natural como sua interface de programação. Demonstramos empiricamente os ganhos de eficiência dessa combinação, ao mesmo tempo em que introduzimos um agente autônomo transparente e compreensível para humanos.Developing autonomous agents to deal with real-world problems is challenging, especially when developers are not necessarily specialists in artificial intelligence. Recent advances in machine learning to address natural language processing tasks are reaching performance levels suitable for practical applications, although these approaches rely on opaque and inscrutable models. This poses three key challenges regarding the interface of the programming with the developer, the efficiency of the resulting agents, and the scrutiny of their behaviour. In this thesis, we tackle these challenges in an efficient agente architecture that leverages recent developments in natural language processing, and the intuitive folk psychology abstraction of the beliefs, desires, intentions (BDI) architecture. The resulting architecture handles natural language environments using existing machine learning techniques to bootstrap the agent’s reasoning capabilities while allowing a developer to instruct the agent more directly using natural language as its programming interface. We empirically demonstrate the efficiency gains of this combination while introducing a transparent and human-understandable autonomous agent
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
