987 research outputs found
The translation of rhetorical questions in the holy Quran into English / Ibrahim I.I. Najjar
No full textThe current study deals with Quranic rhetorical questions that carry specific rhetorical functions and their two English translations. The analysis is based on twenty four Quranic rhetorical questions and their two English translations: “the Koran Interpreted” by Arberry (1955/1996) and “the Noble Quran: English translation of the meanings and commentary” (1996) by al-Hilali and Khan. The study aims to (1) find out the types of grammatical shifts that have occurred in the two English translations (2) examine the effects of such shifts on the context of situation especially tenor and mode of the rhetorical questions translated into English. To achieve the first objective, Haegeman’s (2006) x bar theory and Catford’s (1965) translation shifts are employed. In this situation, firstly, the source text (ST) and two target texts (TTs) are syntactically analysed to uncover the grammatical shifts; secondly, such shifts are classified according to Catford’s (1965) shifts in translation. For the second objective, Halliday and Hasan’s (1985) and Halliday’s (1994) context of situation especially tenor and mode are focused upon. In this context, their associated language metafunctions, i.e. interpersonal metafunction and textual metafunction are investigated. The study shows different types of grammatical shifts in the two English translations. Besides, syntactic shifts have also appeared. The study shows that grammatical shifts do affect the tenor and mode of the Quranic rhetorical questions translated into English. Apart from maintaining the tenor and mode in both translations in some instances, they have been affected slightly, partially and fully in some others. Consequently, the functions of the Quranic rhetorical questions have been affected. The tenor of discourse is both interesting and important as it enables us to understand and differentiate among/between the participants’ roles and relationship in the ST and TTs RQs. The analysis shows that the change of the participants’ relationship and roles will affect the message conveyed
The translation of lexical and morphological repetitions in the Arabic novel Thartharah Fawg Alnel into the English Adrift on the Nile / Ibrahim I.I. Najjar
Get PDFRepetition is an important phenomenon in Arabic-English translation. Thus, this study was carried out to examine how lexical and morphological repetitions are rendered from an Arabic literary text into English using different translation strategies. The data used in this study is derived from an Arabic novel ―Thartharah fawg alnel‖ by Naguib Mahfouz and its English translation ―Adrift on the Nile.‖ The objectives of this study are to, (i) identify the translation strategies used to render these repetitions and whether these strategies affect the quality of the original message and (ii) find out to what extent are the communicative functions of the lexical and morphological repetitions in the Arabic novel preserved or lost in the English translation. The translational strategies, as suggested by (Baker 1992), (Newmark 1988) and (Dressler and De Beaugrande 1981) together with the typology of repetitions proposed by (Dickins et al 2002) were used. Skopos theory of Reiss and Vermeer (1984) was also used.
As has been noticed, the translator resorted to variation rather than repetition in his translation and that let him to use certain translation strategies, such as synonyms, near-synonyms, omission, ellipsis, paraphrase, replacement, modulation, literal translation, expansion and pronominalisation. Synonyms, near-synonyms, and omission strategies were the most common strategies used in the translation of lexical and morphological repetitions into English. As for the communicative functions of the lexical and morphological repetitions, it was found that some examples retained their functions while others lost their functions
I.I. Kozlov como traductor de las composiciones de Thomas Moore.
Get PDFThe article is dedicated to the peculiarities that identify the perception of the literary creativity of the English poet Thomas Moore by the talented representative of the poetry of Russian romanticism and the translator of many English authors, I.I. Kozlov. The methodological basis of the article are the statements contained in the literary history. The activities of the poet-translator had a significant impact on the Russian reception of the poetic works of the Irish author in the following decades.El artículo está dedicado a las peculiaridades que identifican la percepción de la creatividad literaria del poeta inglés Thomas Moore por el talentoso representante de la poesía del romanticismo ruso y el traductor de muchos autores ingleses I.I. Kozlov. La base metodológica del artículo son las afirmaciones contenidas en el histórico literario. Las actividades del poeta-traductor tuvieron un impacto significativo en la recepción rusa de las obras poéticas del autor irlandés en las décadas siguientes
Author Correction: Photo-Supercapacitors Based on Nanoscaled Zno (scientific Reports, (2022), 12, 1, (11487), 10.1038/S41598-022-15180-z)
No full textCorrection to: Scientific Reports, published online 07 July 2022 The original version of this Article contained an error in the Acknowledgements section. “I.I. acknowledges the partial financial support from the SONATA BIS project 2020/38/E/ST5/00176.” now reads: “I.I. was partly funded by the NCN SONATA-BIS Program (UMO-2020/38/E/ST5/00176).” The original Article has been corrected. © 2023, The Author(s).Narodowe Centrum Nauki, NCN: UMO-2020/38/E/ST5/00176“I.I. was partly funded by the NCN SONATA-BIS Program (UMO-2020/38/E/ST5/00176).
A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Neophobia and Gastronomy Tourism
Get PDFThis study aims to investigate the current status of studies on "neophobia and gastronomic tourism" published in the international literature over the last 41 years (1980-2021). The data was extracted from Web of Science (WOS), and so a bibliometric analysis of the publications indexed in WOS was made in this study. The Vosviewer program was employed in order to analyse and visualize the data for a total of 3269 studies on the subject of "neophobia and gastronomy tourism" from the relevant database. Besides, the analysis of the data was supported by the R package program. It has been observed that there are 2113 articles out of 3269 documents on neophobia and gastronomy tourism and that the highest number of articles were published in 2021. The findings indicate that the most cited author was Siegrist, M. and that the most cited document was Birch, I.I. (1999). Also, it has been found that the most co-cited article was written by Pliner, P. The United States, with the most cited and strongest ties, also appears to be the most prolific country. This study is presenting an overview of neophobia and gastronomy tourism research which has been conducted over the last 41 years through bibliometric analysis
Dissecting a co-expression network of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) genes from phosphate (Pi)-starved soybean (Glycine max)
No full textIn this work, a co-expression network-based approach was employed in analysis of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor genes in soybean (Glycine max). bHLHs as regulatory agents modulate many complex associations related with regular metabolic functions and various stress factors. Co-expression networks are versatile resources to understand complex associations from functional aspects. Using a microarray data from phosphate (Pi)-starved soybean, a co-expression network of bHLH genes was constructed. A network was established with 253 nodes (bHLH genes) interconnecting 1763 edges (association) and then the network was dissected into 13 distinct clusters to extensively investigate the correlations. Each cluster was individually analyzed with emphasis on seed genes, which could be used as marker/reference genes in development of plant lines with enhanced stress tolerance. The seed genes were involved in very diverse metabolic processes, including stress modulation, metal homeostasis, hormone response and developmental roles. Our network-based clustering approach provides new insight in understanding many uncharacterized plant bHLHs. © 2016 Elsevier B.V
Constructing Health Indicators for Systems with Few Failure Instances Using Unsupervised Learning
No full textHealth indicators are crucial to assess the health of complex systems. In recent years, several studies have developed data-driven health indicators using supervised learning methods. However, due to preventive maintenance, there are often not enough failure instances to train a supervised learning model, i.e., the data is unlabelled with an unknown actual Remaining Useful Life (RUL). In this paper, we therefore propose an unsupervised learning model to construct a health indicator for an aircraft system. The considered system is operated under highly-varying operating conditions. We train a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to predict the sensor measurements from the operating conditions. We train this neural network solely with the sensor measurements of just-installed, non-degraded systems. The CNN therefore learns the normal range of the sensor measurements, given the operating conditions, for non-degraded systems only. For a degraded system, the predicted sensor measurements deviate from the actual sensor measurements. Based on the prediction errors, we construct a health indicator for the aircraft system. We apply this approach to develop a health indicator for the aircraft turbofan engines of dataset DS02 and DS06 of N-CMAPSS. The resulting health indicators have a high prognosability of 0.91 for DS02 and of 0.83 for DS06, a mean trendability of 0.86 for DS02 and of 0.87 for DS06, and a mean monotonicity of 0.31 for DS02 and of 0.33 for DS06, and can thus be used to make a reliable assessment of the system's health.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Air Transport & Operation
Characterization of Gatun Lake's Hydrodynamic Behaviour and Water Quality
No full textGatun Lake, located in the Panama Canal Watershed (PCW), is the main source of freshwater for the Canal's operations and it provides drinking water for nearly 600,000 people, which represents roughly 15% of the country's population. Since its creation at the beginning of the 20th century, Gatun Lake has slowly been transitioning from a swamp environment to a more saline-governed ecosystem. However, since the completion of the Canal's expansion project and inauguration of the Neo-Panamax locks in 2016, salinity in the lake has been increasing at a faster pace. The progressive salinization of this water body is not only a concern from the perspective of drinking water supply and human health, but for the lake's biodiversity as well. In order to understand the magnitude of this issue, evaluate the impact of climate change and design effective mitigation and management strategies, robust modelling tools are required. Nevertheless, these tools often require high volumes of high-quality data that are not always readily available. This paper illustrates the characterization of Gatun Lake's hydrodynamic behaviour and water quality condition using a numerical model built with Delft3D and publicly available open data, which includes bathymetry from GEBCO and hydrodynamic data from ACP's AQUARIUS web portal. Although further refinement of the model is still required, overall, it was demonstrated that reasonably good results can be obtained through a model built using publicly available open data.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Water Resource
International Law of Belligerencies. (I.I. Kotlyarov, «International Humanitarian Law», Moscow, Yurlitinform, 2006. - 304 pp.)
No full textA practical significance of the book under review is beyond any doubt because the most recent publication on the subject in the question dates back to 1989. Social and political upheavals have taken place since then, such as the dissolution of the Warsaw Treaty Organization and the collapse of the USSR. International and domestic belligerencies have, unfortunately, become facts of the international life in the post-Soviet area. That made international humanitarian law called for nowadays.The Russian Federation is a party to all agreements relating to international humanitarian law and containing commitments made by the Russian Federation to conduct training and dissemination of knowledge about it in peaceful time and during open military conflicts. The book is written in a simple and easily understandable language and this is its advantage. The author critically discusses doctrine based views on international humanitarian law and offers ways to improve a number of international legal instruments and Russian legislation. The integrity of the book adds to evoking a theoretical and practical interest in it. The book considers issues of international humanitarian law in a consistent and comprehensive way.All this makes I.I. Kotlyarov’s book a useful support material for studying international humanitarian law at military and civil educational establishments as well as for training commanders of the RF military forces in general public administration courses.Finally, the author makes interesting conclusions, pointing out, for example, that Russia’s state bodies paid by far more attention to war laws and customs in the pre-revolutionary times than nowadays. Our state’s contributions to developing and shaping up international humanitarian law became more significant with the advent of F.F. Martens who was an initiator and author of the first conventions on war laws and customs. Russia’s involvement in further development of international humanitarian law was steadily increasing until 1918. Later, after the Soviet Union was established, its participation in agreements relating to international humanitarian law still continued, but practical steps aimed at introducing its norms in public conscience and practice were not taken
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