1,036 research outputs found
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No full textCover title.; Also available online http://nla.gov.au/nla.aus-vn3108774; Papers and correspondence of Henry Handel Richardson 1852-1983. Series 5. Richardson's second separately issued work of a short story. It has been reset by a different printer with Richardson's revision of the text. It is not an offprint from the English review. The title was later changed to Mary Christina
Corolla size and temporal displacement of flowering times among sympatric diploid and tetraploid highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum)
No full textPolyploidy (whole-genome duplication) is common in vascular plants, but the modes of establishment and persistence, as well as the ecological consequences, of polyploidy remain vague. Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is an ecologically and economically important understory shrub with an unclear species definition, coexisting in sympatric populations of diploid and tetraploid cytotypes. This study analyzes differences in bloom time between sympatric diploid and tetraploid V. corymbosum in natural populations, testing the potential for these cytotypes to interbreed and contributing to the formation and continuity of ploidy-level diversification within this species. Ploidal level was confirmed through DNA flow cytometry of sympatric plants from two populations in New Jersey, USA. Flower bloom date and corolla size were recorded over a three-year period. Diploid corollas were 32% smaller than tetraploid corollas, making them easily identifiable in the field. Ploidy accounted for 55-69% of the variation in bloom date, with diploids flowering about one week before tetraploids, and the remaining variation distributed among plants, among branches, and within branches. Notwithstanding these differences, there was modest overlap in flowering time between cytotypes, suggesting that cross-pollination is possible. This contributes evidence to the most current species definition of V. corymbosum as a single (mixed ploidy) species.Poster's Graduate Student Thesis Publication.Peer reviewed
Improved use of abattoir information to aid the management of liver fluke in cattle
No full textFasciolosis, caused by the trematode parasite Fasciola hepatica, is a multi-host parasitic
disease affecting many countries worldwide. It is a well-recognized clinically and
economically important disease of food producing animals such as cattle and sheep. In
the UK, the incidence and distribution of fasciolosis has been increasing in the last decade
while the timing of acute disease is becoming more variable and the season suitable
for parasite development outside the mammalian host has been extended. Meanwhile
control is proving increasingly difficult due to changing weather conditions, increased
animal movements and developing anthelmintic resistance.
Forecasting models have been around for a long time to aid health planning related to
fasciolosis control, but studies identifying management related risk factors are limited.
Moreover, the lack of information on the accuracy of meat inspection and available
liver fluke diagnostic tests hinders effective monitoring of disease prevalence and treatment.
So far, the evaluation of tests available for the diagnosis of the infection in cattle
has mainly been carried out using gold standard approaches or under experimental settings,
the limitations of which are well known. In cattle, the infection mainly manifests
as a sub-clinical disease, resulting in indirect production losses, which are difficult to
estimate. The lack of obvious clinical signs results in these losses commonly being
attributed to other causes such as poor weather conditions or bad quality forage. This
further undermines establishment of appropriate control strategies, as it is difficult to
convince farmers to treat without demonstrating clear economic losses of sub-clinical
disease.
This project explores the value of slaughterhouse data in understanding the changing
epidemiology of fasciolosis, identifying sustainable control measures and estimating
the effect of infection on production parameters using data collected at one of the
largest cattle and sheep abattoirs in Scotland. Data used in this study include; a) abattoir
data routinely collected during 2013 and 2014, b) data collected during 3 periods
of abattoir based sampling, c) data collected through administration of a management
questionnaire and d) climatic and environmental data from various online
sources.
A Bayesian extension of the Hui Walter no gold standard model was used to estimate
the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of five diagnostic tests for fasciolosis in cattle,
which were applied on 619 samples collected from the abattoir during three sampling
periods; summer 2013, winter 2014 and autumn 2014. The results provided novel
information on the performance of these tests in a naturally infected cattle population
at different times of the year. Meat inspection was estimated to have a sensitivity of
0.68 (95% BCI 0.61-0.75) and a specificity of 0.88 (95% BCI 0.85-0.91). Accurate
estimates of sensitivity and specificity will allow for routine abattoir liver inspection to
be used as a tool for monitoring the epidemiology of F. hepatica as well as evaluating
herd health planning.
Linear regression modelling was used to estimate the delay in reaching slaughter weight
in beef cattle infected with F. hepatica, accounting for other important factors such as
weight, age, sex, breed and farm as a random effect. The model estimated that cattle
classified as having fluke based on routine liver inspection had on average 10 (95% CI
9-12) days greater slaughter age, assuming an average carcass weight of 345 kg. Furthermore,
estimates from a second model indicated that the increase in age at slaughter
was more severe for higher fibrosis scores. More precisely, the increase in slaughter
age was 34 (95% CI 11-57) days for fibrosis score of 1, 93 (95% CI 57-128) days
for fibrosis score 2 and 78 (95% CI 30-125) days for fibrosis score 3. Similarly, in a
third model comparing different burden categories with animals with no fluke burden,
there was a 31 (95% CI 7-56) days increase in slaughter age for animals with 1 to 10
parasites and 77 (95% CI 32-124) days increase in animals with more than 10 parasites
found in their livers.
Lastly, a multi-variable mixed effects logistic regression model was built to estimate
the association between climate, environmental, management and animal specific
factors and the risk of an animal being infected by F. hepatica. Multiple imputation
methodology was employed to deal with missing data arising from skipped questions
in the questionnaire. Results of the regression model confirmed the importance of temperature,
rainfall and cattle movements in increasing the risk for fasciolosis, while it
indicated that the presence of deer can increase the risk of infection and that male cattle
have a reduced risk of infection.
Overall, this project has used slaughterhouse data to fill important knowledge gaps regarding
F. hepatica infection in cattle. It has provided valuable information on the accuracy
of routine abattoir meat inspection, as well as other diagnostic tests. It has also
provided estimates of the effect of infection on the time cattle take to reach slaughter
weight at different levels of infection and identified relevant risk factors related to the
infection. In conclusion, knowledge of the effect of infection on slaughter age, as well
as regional risk factors for F. hepatica infection, along with an improved use of abattoir
inspection results in the evaluation of treatment strategies, can provide farmers and
veterinarians with better incentives and tools to improve their herd health strategies and
in the longer term help reduce the incidence of liver fluke in cattle
Implications of the cattle trade network in Cameroon for regional disease prevention and control
No full textMovement of live animals is a major risk factor for the spread of livestock diseases and zoonotic infections. Understanding contact patterns is key to informing cost-effective surveillance and control strategies. In West and Central Africa some of the most rapid urbanization globally is expected to increase the demand for animal-source foods and the need for safer and more efficient animal production. Livestock trading points represent a strategic contact node in the dissemination of multiple pathogens. From October 2014 to May 2015 official transaction records were collected and a questionnaire-based survey was carried out in cattle markets throughout Western and Central-Northern Cameroon. The data were used to analyze the cattle trade network including a total of 127 livestock markets within Cameroon and five neighboring countries. This study explores for the first time the influence of animal trade on infectious disease spread in the region. The investigations showed that national borders do not present a barrier against pathogen dissemination and that non-neighbouring countries are epidemiologically connected, highlighting the importance of a regional approach to disease surveillance, prevention and control. Furthermore, these findings provide evidence for the benefit of strategic risk-based approaches for disease monitoring, surveillance and control, as well as for communication and training purposes through targeting key regions, highly connected livestock markets and central trading links
The Role of Coordination and Cooperation for Bt-maize cultivation in Brandenburg, Germany
No full textSince 2006, several varieties of transgenic Bt-maize are approved for commercial cultivation in Germany. The German regulatory framework for growing these crops comprises ex-ante regulations as well as ex-post liability rules to protect conventional and organic farming from possible negative side effects of transgenic plants and to ensure co-existence. Public regulation is also suspected to impose additional costs to those farmers who intend to plant Bt-maize. We address the question how Bt-maize growing farmers perceive the additional costs of regulation and whether coordination or cooperation takes place in order to diminish these costs. In 2006, we carried out a case study in the Oderbruch region (Brandenburg, Germany) comprising eight Bt-maize growing farmers and six adjacent neighbours. The predominantly large farms chose intrafarm coordination to manage the construction of buffer zones within their own fields and to avoid the planting of Bt-maize close to their neighbours. Inter-farm coordination or cooperation with adjacent farmers was not regarded necessary to achieve co-existence.Coordination, Cooperation, Bt-maize, Crop Production/Industries,
Allegro, il Penseroso ed il Moderato. Selections
No full textContains the solos and duets in score, without the chorusesThe text was arranged from Milton's two poems by Charles Jennens, the author of the third part, Il ModeratoSingers named: Francesina, Beard, Reinhold, SavageEngraved title pageAdditional page nos. at the foot of p. 21-24 and 49-51 identify this as the later issue of Walsh's 1741 ed. cf. SmithThis copy in slip-case with an unrelated front cover: LA SCHIAVA LA BUONA FIGLIUOLA IVAGGIA TORI RIDICOLI TIGRANE TIGRANE VITO’S CANZON. FILOSOFO DI CAMPAGNA MRS GRANTThis copy in has manuscript index of incipits on title page versoThis copy from the collection of Louise Hanson-Dye
Raedtslagh : Jegelick doet geern wat. Naer dat Discourssen ende verscheyden Droomen op den handel vanden Vrede in Nederlant zijn uytgheghaen, zoo hebbe ick, my in eenicheyt vindende ... soude connen raden wat in Spaengien tusschen den Coninck ende Monick omgaet, ende my is ten lesten inden zin ghecomen tghene hier volcht
No full text[Yemant Adams]Titel ist KopftitelKnuttel, W.P.C. Catalogus van de pamfletten-verzameling berustende in de Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 1423Tiele: "Blauwboekjes voor en tegen het Bestand". - KBNL: "Aan het eind ondertekend: Yemant Adams (i.e. pseudoniem van Simon van Middelgeest).Ook o.d.t.: Discours of t'samensprekinghe tusschen den coning van Spaengien ende Ian Neyen, vanden vrede-handel der Vereenichde Nederlanden, en Droom oft t'samensprekinge tusschen den Coninck van Spaengien ende Ian Ney, vanden vrede-handel"In FrakturKnuttel 1423Tiele, P. A. Bibliotheek van Nederlandsche pamfletten 1,1,655STCN 86007502
John Gay's the beggar's opera: early eighteenth-century responses in the arts to cultural, sociological and political issues in London life
No full textDiffering responses in art media to these contemporary issues of London life are explored, taking John Gay's the Beggar's Opera as the focal point for discussion. Initially, a general survey is made of Gay's role as cultural, social and moral critic. Comparison with George Frederick Handel's Floridante allows Gay's work to be placed in the context of operatic responses to contemporary society, highlighting usage both of overt portrayal and indirect satire. Gay's approach to political issues is examined alongside that of Dean Swift's Gulliver's Travels enabling an estimation to be made of the effectiveness of these art media as tools of political propaganda. Similarly, responses in the field of painting are discussed in the light of representative works of James Thornhill and William Hogarth's A Harlot's Progress and A Rake's Progress. In considering all these responses it is noted that art can be interpreted at differing levels, from the sophisticated to the naive. All these art media are then placed in the context of artistic philosophy of the period, thus facilitating an objective assessment of the parallels and differences of art's responses to contemporary issues. Taking into account inherent limitations in the media, to conclude our study, Hogarth's The Beggar's Opera Scenes are compared and contrasted with Gay's prototype. The thesis highlights the trend towards realism in the arts during this period. Nevertheless, we are left with the conundrum that art, 'per se', can only 'mirror' life. It does not necessarily solve its problems. Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Music. University of Durham Department of Music 198
Raedtsel : JEghelijck doet geern wat Naer dat Discourssen ende verscheyden Droomen op den handel vanden Vrede in Neder-landt zijn uytgheghaen: soo hebbe ick my in eenicheydt vindende, ... soude connen raden wat in Spangien tusschen den Coninck ende den Monick omgaet, ende my is ten laetsten inden sin ghecomen t'ghene hier volcht
No full text[Yemant Adams]Titel ist KopftitelKnuttel, W.P.C. Catalogus van de pamfletten-verzameling berustende in de Koninklijke Bibliotheek, 1421Tiele: "drukfout, het voorlaatste woord op bladzijde 1 "bebben". - "Blauwboekjes voor en tegen het Bestand". - KBNL: "Aan het eind ondertekend: Yemant Adams (i.e. pseudoniem van Simon van Middelgeest).Ook o.d.t.: Discours of t'samensprekinghe tusschen den coning van Spaengien ende Ian Neyen, vanden vrede-handel der Vereenichde Nederlanden, en Droom oft t'samensprekinge tusschen den Coninck van Spaengien ende Ian Ney, vanden vrede-handel"Unterscheidungsmerkmal: A1, Zeile 7-8: ghecomen| t'gheneIn FrakturKnuttel 1421Tiele, P. A. Bibliotheek van Nederlandsche pamfletten 1,1,656STCN 86007348
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