54 research outputs found
食品油脂の結晶核形成および結晶多形転移とそれらの制御に関する物理化学的研究
No full text広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(農学)Doctor of Agriculturedoctora
Nowe wyzwania dla stosunków ekonomicznych między Unią Europejską a Chinami
No full textIn this research work, Author focus on the analysis of the new challenges for economic relations between European Union and People’s Republic China. What indicates the importance and innovativeness of the research is the presentation of the technical progress especially in China, the growth of economic ties with the European Union and the benefits resulting from liberalised of the China foreign trade policy under WTO. Accordance to the foreign trade policy theory further trade liberalisation and improved framework policies would increase trade and promote growth. In the new circumstances for the development of the global economy and the global trade, People’s Republic of China seems to be a production superpower, able to change the world trade and also the European Union’s extra trade. In many areas it possesses comparative advantages. China may continue their development to specialise in electronics and increasingly in services. With or without further trade agreements between two partners, services will be more traded and trade policies will have to adjust to changes in the organisation of global value change. With new investments, a country can transform its position through industrial expansion at home and sustain it through international trade. China is especially sensitive to the advantages of intensive growth and will not wish to disrupt essential economic arrangements that have been crucial to her success. The main aim of the article is the presentation of the new challenges for the economic relations between European Union and China.W połowie drugiego dziesięciolecia dwudziestego pierwszego wieku w rozwoju gospodarczym Unii Europejskiej i Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej pojawiły się nowe tendencje i wyzwania wynikające z istotnych zmian jakościowych. W pracy podkreśla się, że w obecnych warunkach najważniejszą kwestią jest nie tylko wysoka dynamika wzrostu, ale także efektywność rozwoju gospodarczego Chin. Szczególną uwagę zwraca się na wyrównywanie poziomów rozwoju gospodarczego poszczególnych prowincji, w tym słabiej rozwiniętych prowincji zachodnich, wzrost innowacji i wiedzy, intensywne wsparcie nowoczesnych przemysłów o wysokim poziomie technologicznym, takich jak technologie informatyczne, elektronika, biotechnologie, nowe źródła bardzo potrzebnej energii, jak hydroenergia, biomasa, energia wiatrowa itp. Równocześnie podkreśla się znaczenie rozwoju usług, tworzenie klasy średniej opartej na mieszkańcach dotychczas utrzymujących się z rolnictwa, kwestie wzrostu płac i rynku wewnętrznego oraz ochronę środowiska naturalnego. Z kolei dla Unii Europejskiej w obecnej perspektywie budżetowej, czyli w latach 2014-2020, niezwykle istotne znaczenie ma realizacja Strategii Europa 2020 z Unią Innowacyjną i jej finansowym instrumentem pod nazwą Horyzont. Działania te istotnie wpływają na zmiany w dynamice i strukturze wymiany handlowej oraz współpracy inwestycyjnej między Unią Europejską a Chinami. Głównym celem tematu badawczego jest przedstawienie nowych wyzwań dla stosunków ekonomicznych między Unią Europejską a Chinami wynikających z zachodzących zmian jakościowych w rozwoju gospodarczym partnerów współpracy
Influence of Fatty Acid Moieties of Sorbitan Esters on Polymorphic Occurrence of the Palm Mid-Fraction
No full textEpitaxial Growth of Fat Crystals on Emulsifier Crystals with Different Fatty Acid Moieties
No full textThe Strong Correlation between Interface Microstructure and Barrier Height in Pt/n-InP Schottky Contacts Formed by an In Situ Electrochemical Process
No full textIn order to investigate the correlation between the microstructure of a metal/semiconductor (M/S) interface and the Schottky barrier height (SBH), Pt Schottky contacts were formed on n-type InP by an in situ electrochemical process under various electrochemical conditions; they were then investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. Electrodeposition resulted in the formation of arrays of nanometer-sized Pt particles whose distribution strongly depended on electrochemical conditions. The SBH values exhibited a strong correlation with the particle distribution, leading to a high SBH value of 0.86 eV under the condition of the most uniform distribution of the smallest particles. The result is discussed from the viewpoint of the disorder-induced gap state (DIGS) model
Electrochemical Etching of Indium Phosphide Surfaces Studied by Voltammetry and Scanned Probe Microscopes
No full textUsing voltammetry, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), in situ electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements, electrochemical etching modes for n-InP surfaces were investigated and optimized for uniform and controlled etching in an HCl electrolyte. The voltammograms indicated the presence of active and passive regions. The surfaces obtained in the active region were clean and featureless with an rms roughness of 1.8 nm. On the other hand, the oxide covered surfaces obtained in the passive region were nonuniform and porous. Etching characteristics of the d.c. photo-anodic mode and the pulsed avalanche mode were then investigated and compared. Both modes were found to be highly controllable and produced uniform and clean surfaces, consuming eight holes per molecule of InP. In particular, the pulsed avalanche etching mode realized an extremely high etch depth controllability of 3x10^-5 nm/pulse
The Tragedy of Tibet and China's Development Strategy
No full textW artykule omówiono aktualną sytuację w Tybecie na tle historycznych relacji tego kraju z Chinami. Autor przedstawił w skróconej formie stosunki chińsko -tybetańskie do roku 1951, proces „wyzwalania” Tybetu oraz politykę prowadzoną tam obecnie przez władze Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej. Szczególna uwaga zwrócono została na geostrategiczne korzyści, które Chinom przynosi kontrola nad tym obszarem: rolę podnóża Himalajów jako swoistej platformy projekcji siły, możliwości kontroli zasobów wodnych regionu, rolę Tybetu jako rezerwuaru surowców i potencjalnej przestrzeni osadniczej.The article presents current situation in Tibet in the historical context of sino -tibetian relationships. The author shows the short draft of dual relations since 1951, the “liberation” of Tibet and current policy of the PRC government. The author put attention to geostrategic benefi ts which are provided to China due to control of Tibet: the role of Himalayan’s area as the “platform” pf power projection, the possibilities of fresh water resources’ control, the role of Tibet as the reserve of raw materials and additional settlements’ area
Kontakty Polski z Chinami od XIII do końca XVIII wieku – próba nowego spojrzenia
No full textPolish Relations with China since the end of 13th century till the end of 18th century: an Attempt of New LookThe article describes the history of Polish relations with China, starting from the end of the 13th century to the end of the 18th century. It focuses mainly on political and economic relations, but it refers to the civilizational and cultural relations as well. The Author omits, already quite well analyzed, issues concerning the Jesuit and Franciscan missionaries in China. The Author mentions the Battle of Legnica on Dobre Pole on 9th April 1241, which should be considered as the first contact between the Poles and the Mongols. The Author mentions diplomatic mission of the Franciscan Benedict the Pole who on 22th July 1246, as the first Pole, reached Karakorum in Mongolia. However, the most part of the article concerns the attempts to find a simpler way to China through the lands of Moscow, which has failed, and even in the 12th century, the Poles used the sea route or traveled through Persia. The article highlights the efforts of missionaries and diplomats in that matter. As the most interesting issue in Polish-Chinese relations in the period until the end of the 18th century, the Author indicates an attempt to establish direct relations between the king Jan III Sobieski and the Chinese emperor Kangxi. Jan III Sobieski after the victory over the Turks at Vienna has sent one of his portraits to the emperor’s court, who accepted the gift and has responded writing him a letter. Moreover, in the 18th century, not only the king Jan III Sobieski, but also merchants, middle-class bourgeois and landowners possessed Chinese products, especially Chinese porcelain
Literatura polska w Chinach i wymiana kulturalna między Polską a Chinami. Zapiski tłumacza
No full textThe article is an introduction into the presence of Polish literature in China from the perspective of one of its most active researchers and translators. The author describes his fascination with Bolesław Prus’s work that resulted in the Chinese translation of Lalka (The Doll) and his work on two-volume Historia literatury polskiej (The history of Polish literature) aimed at Chinese readers.The article is an introduction into the presence of Polish literature in China from the perspective of one of its most active researchers and translators. The author describes his fascination with Bolesław Prus’s work that resulted in the Chinese translation of Lalka (The Doll) and his work on two-volume Historia literatury polskiej (The history of Polish literature) aimed at Chinese readers
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