1,720,966 research outputs found
EMISIONES DE GEI RELACIONADAS CON LA BIOMASA EN LAS CENTRALES HIDROELÉCTRICAS DE TUCURUÍ Y BELO MONTE: UNA COMPARACIÓN INTUITIVA CON LA ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA TÉRMICA
No full textBrazil, the 7th world economic power according with the IMF, is one of the Country in the world with the cleanest energy matrix. Since the 80s public opinion and official debates have been more and more concerned about the pollution generated from any kind of source of energy and now new commitments in that sense are contained into the ten-year plan (Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento). The main part of energy production in Brazil nowadays is based on hydroelectricity but the water source is well concentrated, especially in the Amazon Region, and the hydroelectricity impact is so far not well known. Thus simple and new methods to calculate how much hydroelectricity is clean are needed, indeed. In this sense a method based on the evaluation of GHG emissions of Tucuruí and Belo Monte (two of the main projects all over the Country) is going to be presented. Every result has to be compared with the performance of other source of energy that could actually represents an alternative (the thermoelectricity in the Amazon Region), also facing the challenge of the increasing demand of energy by diversify the energy matrix. KEYWORDS: GHG emissions, Hydroelectric, Thermo electrical.O Brasil, a 7ª potência econômica mundial segundo o FMI, é um dos países do mundo com a matriz energética mais limpa. Desde a década de 80, a opinião pública e os debates oficiais têm estado cada vez mais preocupados com a poluição gerada por qualquer tipo de fonte de energia e agora novos compromissos nesse sentido estão contidos no programa de aceleração do crescimento. A principal parte da produção de energia no Brasil atualmente é baseada na hidroeletricidade, mas a fonte de água está bem concentrada, especialmente na região amazônica, e o impacto da hidroeletricidade não é tão conhecido até o momento. Assim, métodos simples e novos para calcular quanta hidreletricidade está limpa são necessários. Nesse sentido, será apresentado um método baseado na avaliação das emissões de GEE de Tucuruí e Belo Monte (dois dos principais projetos em todo o País). Todo resultado tem que ser comparado com o desempenho de outra fonte de energia que possa, na verdade, representar uma alternativa (a termoeletricidade na Amazônia), enfrentando também o desafio da crescente demanda de energia por diversificar a matriz energética. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Emissões de GEE, Hidroelétricas, Termoelétricas.Brasil, la 7ª potencia económica mundial según el FMI, es uno de los países del mundo con la matriz energética más limpia. Desde la década de los 80, la opinión pública y los debates oficiales han estado cada vez más preocupados por la contaminación generada por cualquier tipo de fuente de energía y ahora nuevos compromisos en este sentido están contenidos en el programa de aceleración del crecimiento. La principal parte de la producción de energía en Brasil actualmente se basa en la hidroelectricidad, pero la fuente de agua está bien concentrada, especialmente en la región amazónica, y el impacto de la hidroelectricidad no es tan conocido hasta el momento. Así, métodos simples y nuevos para calcular cuánta hidroelectricidad está limpia son necesarios. En este sentido, se presentará un método basado en la evaluación de las emisiones de GEI de Tucuruí y Belo Monte (dos de los principales proyectos en todo el país). Todo resultado tiene que ser comparado con el desempeño de otra fuente de energía que pueda, en realidad, representar una alternativa (la termoelectricidad en la Amazonia), enfrentando también el desafío de la creciente demanda de energía por diversificar la matriz energética. PALABRAS CLAVE: Emisiones de GEI, Hidroeléctrica, Termoeléctrica
Water as freedom in the Brazilian Amazon
No full textUniversal access to the commons, such as to clean water, might be seen as a strong challenge to development as freedom. Beyond water scarcity, several regions are already suffering from lack of access, even where water is abundant. Meanwhile, climate change, overpopulation and agricultural demand are severely affecting the quality and availability of water resources. At the global level, concerns about water are tied to the Amazon Region, which contains the greatest potential water stock in the world, and which simultaneously faces the worst troubles in access and supply. This paper is therefore aimed at pointing out the role inclusive social innovations can play in mitigating the impact of growing water shortages and securing effective water use. After a first introduction to Brazil, Amazonas and Parà state statistics on water-related aspects, the research focuses on results emerging from the AguaSociAL project
Access to water and electricity and sustainable development: evidence from the Amazonian State of Parà
No full textAccording to the UN's Sustainable Development Agenda, to effectively achieve sustainable development, strategies for building economic growth should also address social needs, including access to essential services. Sustainable integrated management of water resources for both primary use and energy production is crucial, especially in territories such as the Amazonian State of Pará, where a primary good like fresh water is also the main source of electricity. However, the territorial transformations occurring in Pará over installing new hydroelectric plants have jeopardised local development. This was mainly caused by the top-down approach underlying national strategic projects that have paid little attention to local needs, thus paving the way for detrimental conditions for implementing the UN's 2030 Agenda. This paper aims to analyse the relationship between a municipality's level of development and quality of life and the most relevant key determinants of sustainable development in Pará. To this end, we consider a spatial regression analysis, with particular attention devoted to the role of access to both energy and water. The presence of significant spillover effects implies that providing public services on a geographically broad basis could induce self-reinforcing benefits
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
O desafio da energia hidrelétrica como alternativa de desenvolvimento sustentável: benefícios e efeitos controversos na Amazônia Brasileira.
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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