1,720,960 research outputs found
Ruolo delle glutathione S-transferasi nella resistenza del Loglio italico ad alcuni erbicidi
No full textPremio in memoria del Prof. Pierluigi Genevini, come autore del miglior poster sessione Pianta-Ambiente e invito ad esporre le ricerche a cui faceva riferimento il poster "Glutathione peroxidases in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum): activity in response to herbicides and a safener purification and identification"
No full text“Glutathione peroxidases in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum): activity in response to herbicides and a safener purification and identification”. XXVII Convegno Nazionale della Società Italiana di Chimica Agraria, Matera, 15-18 Settembre 2009, pag. 108
No full textGlutathione peroxidases in Lolium multiflorum and Festuca arundinacea: activity, susceptibility to herbicides and characteristics
No full textTo evidence a possible mechanism of defense toward oxidative stress induced by herbicides in plants, an investigation was carried on the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and in Festuca (Festuca arundinacea) in response to atrazine (6-chloro-N-ethyl-N-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) and fluorodifen (4-nitrophenyl α,α,α-trifluoro-2-nitro-p-tolyl
ether). In general, the herbicide treatments significantly induced GPX activity in the shoots of Italian ryegrass, whereas inhibited it in Festuca. These opposite behaviors are examined, taking into account the accumulation and persistence of the two herbicides in the plants, and they are discussed in terms of GPX counteraction to oxidative stress in the first case, and of a lower detoxification rate unable to prevent a deleterious effect on the GPX activity in the second case. Further information on the properties of Italian ryegrass
and Festuca GPX were achieved by purification and isolation of the enzymes, performed by protein liquid chromatography and by electrophoretic analyses. GPX of both the plants were found to be heterodimer with multiple function in showing also glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity
Glutathione <i>S</i>-Transferases of Italian Ryegrass (<i>Lolium multiflorum</i>): Activity toward Some Chemicals, Safener Modulation and Persistence of Atrazine and Fluorodifen in the Shoots
No full textMany varieties of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) show resistance to herbicides; while this ability was frequently
attributed to alterations in the target sites of the herbicide’s action of the plant or to an efficient oxidative metabolism, little attention has been paid to glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), which are a family of detoxifying enzymes involved in the inactivation of many toxic compounds. To investigate the role of GSTs, seedlings of Italian ryegrass were treated with four herbicides (atrazine, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fluorodifen, metolachlor) and a safener (fenchlorazol-ethyl). All the treatments were well tolerated by the plant, with very low decreases in terms of fresh weight and length of shoots. Regarding GST activity, the chemicals generally determined
significant increases in the above enzyme activity toward the model-substrate CDNB. Therefore, the herbicides most GST inducing and the safener were tested themselves as enzyme substrates: constitutive GST activities toward atrazine, fluorodifen and fenchlorazol-ethyl were found, and, in addition, these activities were significantly induced by the safener. Following these results, a HPLC procedure was standardized in order to investigate the persistence of atrazine and fluorodifen in the seedlings of Italian
ryegrass and the effect on this of the safener. It was found that the residual amounts of the two herbicides in the shoots were significantly reduced following the safener treatments
A Comparative Study on the Interference of Two Herbicides in Wheat and Italian Ryegrass and on Their Antioxidant Activities and Detoxification Rates
No full textA study was carried out to compare the effects of treating wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium
multiflorum) with atrazine and fluorodifen. The herbicides interfered with photosynthesis and dark respiration, depending on the
species. Atrazine decreased photosynthesis in both species and dark respiration in wheat, while fluorodifen caused decrements of
photosynthetic activity of wheat. Antioxidant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR),
and glutathione reductase (GR), were generally more active in untreated and treated wheat with respect to Italian ryegrass, which
explains why oxidative damage, expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA) content, was only found in ryegrass. Investigations on the
activity of herbicide-detoxifying enzyme, glutathione S-transferase (GST), and on the accumulation and persistence of the
herbicides in the plants showed higher detoxification rates in wheat than in the grass
Biochemical response of Festuca arundinacea in an industrial soil contamined by cadmium
No full textpresentazione oral
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
- …
