541 research outputs found
Effects of Participatory and Physical Life Goals in a Preventive Care Program for Frail Community-Dwelling Older People: A Retrospective Cohort Study
No full textAbstract
Date Presented 3/31/2017
Life goals related to activities and participation had a more positive effect on frail older people’s health and quality of life than did life goals related to physical function and structure. The setting of meaningful goals may help to improve the effectiveness of preventive care programs.
Primary Author and Speaker: Yoshimi Yuri
Additional Authors and Speakers: Shinichi Takabatake, Yoko Tsuji, Yuri Fujii, Toshikatsu Kaneda, Yasuhiro Higashi, Hiroko Hashimoto, Kazuyo Nakaoka, Mari Oka</jats:p
Activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 by muramyl dipeptide negatively regulates Toll-like receptor 9-mediated colonic inflammation through the induction of deubiquitinating enzyme A expression
No full text主査：岡田 斉 教授
学内授与番号：医第1425号This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in [International Immunology] following peer review. The version of record [Yasuhiro Masuta, Kosuke Minaga, Masayuki Kurimoto, Ikue Sekai, Akane Hara, Naoya Omaru, Natsuki Okai, Yasuo Otsuka, Ryutaro Takada, Tomoe Yoshikawa, Sho Masaki, Ken Kamata, Hajime Honjo, Yasuyuki Arai, Kouhei Yamashita, Masatoshi Kudo, Tomohiro Watanabe "Activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 by muramyl dipeptide negatively regulates Toll-like receptor 9-mediated colonic inflammation through the induction of deubiquitinating enzyme A expression" International Immunology, Volume 35, Issue 2, February 2023, Pages 79–94] is available online at: [https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxac045]
Activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 by muramyl dipeptide negatively regulates Toll-like receptor 9-mediated colonic inflammation through the induction of deubiquitinating enzyme A expression
No full text近畿大学Kindai University博士（医学）主査：岡田 斉 教授
学内授与番号：医第1425号This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in [International Immunology] following peer review. The version of record [Yasuhiro Masuta, Kosuke Minaga, Masayuki Kurimoto, Ikue Sekai, Akane Hara, Naoya Omaru, Natsuki Okai, Yasuo Otsuka, Ryutaro Takada, Tomoe Yoshikawa, Sho Masaki, Ken Kamata, Hajime Honjo, Yasuyuki Arai, Kouhei Yamashita, Masatoshi Kudo, Tomohiro Watanabe "Activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 by muramyl dipeptide negatively regulates Toll-like receptor 9-mediated colonic inflammation through the induction of deubiquitinating enzyme A expression" International Immunology, Volume 35, Issue 2, February 2023, Pages 79–94] is available online at: [https://doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxac045].doctoral thesi
Suspense in Philostratus' Apollonius
No full textThis paper aims to show the ways in which suspense works in Philostratus' Apollonius. The author tries to keep his narrative unsurprising by making use of the ‘basic narrative pattern', a template which guarantees Apollonius' victory over any rival character he meets during his worldwide travels. We repeatedly find the protagonist gaining an upper hand over other socially distinguished figures and, through that process, come to be able to keep ourselves calm in the face of whatever happens to the Tyanean sage. The established pattern also allows the author to arrange his episodes in any order he wants because whatever he tells us in a given episode, his goal is always the same --the winner is Apollonius. So basically we have no choice but to acknowledge that Apollonius' conversations, which cover a large part of the work, are predictable and that the whole narrative is quite loosely structured. We, however, have the two important exceptions: the Nero episode and the Domitian episode. In these episodes, we can find Philostratus taking special care of his narrative arrangement to make the episodes exciting to read. More precisely, the author offers us various kinds of suspense, by which he makes the reader uncertain of the future of the protagonist, who is confronted with Nero's and Domitian's threatening antipathy. Even though we can expect Apollonius' victory over the tyrants relying on the ‘basic narrative pattern', still we cannot easily dismiss the possibility of his subordination to them. From these observations, we can conclude that Philostratus is not always an unthinking cataloguer. At least in the two episodes that feature Apollonius' conflict with the ‘anti-philosophy' emperors, the author can be seen as a sophisticated storyteller who struggles to entertain his readers by carefully arranging narrative components
On lunar collision orbits: New methodologies for Moon-to-Moon transfer design
No full textMany interplanetary missions massively leverage the lunar gravitational pull in the so-called low-energy regime to converge to their aim, saving consistent amount of fuel. Among these, two future Japanese spacecraft are expected to repeatedly encounter the Moon along their trajectories to either facilitate the escape from the Earth–Moon system or opportunely target a specific region in its neighbourhood. Although never actively employed for preliminary trajectory design, lunar collision orbits have shown a rich dynamical structure and an applicability for both medium- and low-energy regimes. These characteristics, together with their intrinsic nature of being close to trajectories experiencing lunar fly-by, have encouraged this research. In this work, lunar collision orbits are employed to delineate a method for obtaining ballistic transfers between two successive lunar encounters, briefly addressed as Moon-to-Moon. This study is first carried out with the assumptions of the autonomous Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem, subsequently extended to the nonautonomous Bi-circular Restricted Four-Body Problem, including the solar gravitational influence.Poincaré cuts are extensively used as a dimensionality reductant for lunar collision orbits: this allows to ascertain their similar behaviour with trajectories flybying the Moon, whose characteristics are partly foreseen by determining the associated intersection with the same cut. A patching is performed at the cut to obtain both single and multiple ballistic Moon-to-Moon transfers. The strict bond of lunar collision orbits with the invariant manifolds of simple periodic orbits about Lagrangian points is confirmed and exploited to design ballistic itineraries connecting highly elliptic orbits about the Earth to horizontal Lyapunov orbits of the Earth–Moon system, via a single Moon-to-Moon transfer. With the usage of the lunar collision orbits and the Poincaré cut, a simple optimization technique is implemented to retrieve a properly defined Moon-to-Moon transfer from a trajectory missing a second fly-by with the Moon. Including the presence of the Sun, a similar method for obtaining single and multiple Moon-to-Moon transfers is developed. A classification of lunar double-collision transfers is then performed within the same framework, highlighting their similarity with other studies in past literature, eventually leading to the construction of a database of Moon-to-Moon transfers. The latter, conceived as an improvement with respect to the former version by adding the lunar gravitational influence, shows its applicability in real preliminary trajectory design.Aerospace Engineerin
Co-orbital motion and its application to JAXA's MMX mission
No full textIn the framework of JAXA's MMX mission to explore the Martian moon of Phobos, an analysis of the stability of three-dimensional quasi-satellite orbits in the Mars-Phobos circular restricted three-body problem was conducted. For this analysis, notions of co-orbital motion, interpreted as the slow motion of the guiding center of the trajectory along the disturbing potential of Phobos, were used. After identifying and analyzing different regions of stability for three quasi-satellite orbits at 100, 50 and 30 km from the center of Phobos, several conclusions were drawn regarding the dynamics of the ballistic escape of the spacecraft, interpreted in terms of co-orbital motion. By making use of these insights, a novel methodology to find periodic quasi-satellite orbits able to reach high latitudes over the surface of Phobos was derived. This methodology consists of two steps: a multi-objective minimization using co-orbital parameters as target functions, to isolate regions with potential periodic orbits; followed by a shooting algorithm to arrive at the final periodic orbit. As a result of this new methodology, two periodic orbits were found at 50 and 30 km from the center of Phobos, able to reach latitudes as high as 54 deg and 32 deg respectively. This result represents an important contribution to both the operations and the scientific return of the Phobos proximity phase within MMX.Aerospace Engineerin
Along-coast shifts of plankton blooms driven by riverine inputs of nutrients and fresh water onto the coastal shelf: a model simulation
No full textRivers transport nutrients and suspended sediment matter (SSM) as well as fresh water from land to coastal regions, where the biological productivity is high. In the coastal area, the buoyancy of fresh water leads to the formation of horizontal anticyclonic gyres and vertical circulations, which affect the variation of biological production such as plankton blooms. However, the primary production caused by the 3-D dynamics have not been quantitatively discussed, and observations can hardly capture the daily temporal variations of phytoplankton blooms. We developed an ocean general circulation model including a simple ecosystem model, to investigate the 3-D and temporal changes in phytoplankton blooms caused by riverine input such as flooding. The distribution patterns of nutrients and phytoplankton differ significantly from that of fresh water. The phytoplankton maxima shift from the downstream (right-hand side of the river mouth) to the upstream regions (left-hand side of the river mouth). The shift that occurs is categorized by the different nitrate origins: (1) river-originated nitrate is dominant in the downstream region; (2) subsurface-originated nitrate is dominant in the upstream region, and is transported by upwelling associated with vertical circulation and horizontal anticyclonic gyre; and (3) regenerated nitrate is dominant in the upstream region. The total primary production in phytoplankton blooms is maintained not only by river-originated nitrate but also by subsurface-originated nitrate that is 1.5 times larger than the river-originated. Several case studies (e.g., including SSM) were conducted in this study
Global Trends in the Value of Author Order Across Medical Publications: A Cross‐Sectional Bibliometric Study
No full textABSTRACT This study aimed to analyse the value of author order across countries, within the ‘Medicine General Internal’ and ‘Surgery’ fields, to enhance transparency and fairness in academic evaluations, particularly in international collaborative research. A cross‐sectional bibliometric study was conducted using data from 2,845,748 papers published in 2022 across over 18,000 journals listed on Web of Science. The study focused on 124,736 papers from the ‘Medicine General Internal’ and ‘Surgery’ fields published in the top 19 countries. The analysis examined the position of the corresponding author relative to other co‐authors by country and specialty. Hierarchical clustering was applied to identify patterns and group countries based on author order. Three distinct clusters were identified with regard to the corresponding author's position. In Cluster A (South Korea, China and Taiwan), the corresponding author was often the last author. In Cluster B (India, Japan, Italy, Türkiye and Spain), the corresponding author was frequently the second author. Cluster C (the United States, England and Germany) included countries where the corresponding author was typically the first author. The findings underscore the need for clear, internationally accepted author order standards. Establishing such standards is crucial for promoting fairness, transparency and efficiency in international collaborative research and for ensuring equitable scientific communication
Gatsby's Green Light as a Traffic Signal : F. Scott Fitzgerald's Motive Force
No full textF. Scott Fitzgerald's use of vehicles in The Great Gatsby constitutes more than just a symbolic motif: cars, trains, boats, and other means of transportation structure the plot, providing the narrative with motive force and mobility. Characters are brought together and torn apart through changes to the scenario, when vehicles actually start and stop. The characters' ephemeral relationships start with their riding in the same vehicle, and end-or are brought back to reality-when the vehicle comes to a halt. Within this structure, the novel's central motif, the "green light," acts as a traffic signal, giving Gatsby the go-ahead to move onward to create the short-lived world founded upon his belief in mobility. Appropriately, the appearance of Gatsby's natural father following the final crash, a symbolic accident denoting the end of his dream, indicates what Gatsby had essentially tried to " move" all along: his unchangeable breeding and past. This article taps into the possibility of reevaluating time and breeding-the conventional themes in Fitzgerald's novel-from the perspective of literal vehicle mobility, which provides important structure to Nick's narrative
Threshold improvement in uniformly lying helix cholesteric liquid crystal laser using auxiliary π-conjugated polymer active layer
No full textThis article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Hiroyuki Yoshida, Yusuke Shiozaki, Yo Inoue, Masaya Takahashi, Yasuhiro Ogawa, Akihiko Fujii, and Masanori Ozaki, Journal of Applied Physics 113, 203105 (2013) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4807402.We propose a device structure to lower the lasing threshold of a uniformly lying helix cholesteric liquid crystal (ChLC) laser. We place a p-conjugated polymer active layer beneath the ChLC layer to provide auxiliary gain, and demonstrate an improvement in the lasing threshold by a factor of 2.3. We also perform finite difference time domain calculations coupled with rate equations for a four-level system, and clarify the effect of the additional active layer on both the photonic density of states and the inversion population density. Although the addition of an extra layer lowers the photonic density of states, the gain provided by the auxiliary layer is sufficient to overcome the losses and decrease the lasing threshold. Our concept is useful for obtaining high-performance ChLC lasers
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