1,721,130 research outputs found
Risk factors classification and perioperative pulmonary rehabilitation in surgery: A prospective study
No full textIntroduction. Chest Physical Therapy (CPT) is widely used for prevention of pulmonary postoperative infectious complications. Recent reviews of the literature confirm the advantages of CPT in preventing postoperative pneumonia, at least in selected patients. Time and professional human resources spent in providing CPT should, therefore, be considered worthwhile. Easy instruments should be identified to perioperatively classify patients in surgical and rehabilitation departments to optimize treatment and organization. Aims. To test a scale for the identification of risk for pulmonary infectious complications in surgical patients and to evaluate the usefulness of scale, to postoperatively evaluate the pertinence of chest rehabilitation related to risk classes and to infectious complications. Methods. 100 in-patients scheduled for surgery were enrolled. All patients were classified at low, medium and high risk for pulmonary complications through a scale. Patients were then treated with CPT before and after surgery. The patients were postoperatively monitored and the different rehabilitation options were recorded, as well as the incidence of pulmonary complications. Results. Statistical analysis showed a significative difference in the incidence of complications between high and medium risk classes (p = 0.0198); no complication was registered in low-risk patients. The number of rehabilitation treatments shows homogeneity assignment between the three classes. Only for one rehabilitation treatment there has been a remarkable difference among classes in relation to the number of chest rehabilitation sessions performed (p = 0.001). Conclusions. The scale used to classify risk of pulmonary complications demonstrated useful in discriminating surgical patients in the three classes. Greater pulmonary complications have been recorded in high risk patients. The different incidence of pulmonary infectious complications among the three classes of risk confirms the need of better re-distribution of rehabilitation resources dedicated to high risk patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
[Reproducibility of the measurement of thoracic electric impedance].[Article in Italian]
No full text
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery simulation and training: a comprehensive literature review
Full text linkBackground: Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) has become the standard for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, this surgical technique requires specific and dedicated training. In the past 20 years, several simulator systems have been developed to promote VATS training. Advances in virtual reality may facilitate its integration into the VATS training curriculum. The present review aims to first provide a comprehensive overview of the simulators for thoracoscopic surgery, focused especially on simulators for lung lobectomy; second, it explores the role and highlights the possible efficacy of these simulators in the surgical trainee curriculum.
Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science databases using the following keywords combined with Boolean operators "AND" and "OR": virtual reality, VR, augmented reality, virtual simulation, mixed reality, extended reality, thoracic surgery, thoracoscopy, VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, simulation, simulator, simulators, training, and education. Reference lists of the identified articles were hand-searched for additional relevant articles to be included in this review.
Results: Different types of simulators have been used for VATS training: synthetic lung models (dry simulators); live animals or animal tissues (wet simulators); and simulators based on virtual or augmented reality. Their role in surgical training has been generally defined as useful. However, not enough data are available to ascertain which type is the most appropriate.
Conclusions: Simulator application in the field of medical education could revolutionize the regular surgical training curriculum. Further studies are required to better define their impact on surgeons' training programs and, finally, on patients' quality of care
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