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New approaches in ortho-surgical treatments with stimulate & innovative technology
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to show the effectiveness of laser technology for the exposure of the palatally impacted canines, using a CO2 laser device (Smart US20D®, DEKA - Florence, Italy) and Diodi Laser device (Raffaello, DMT, Lissone, Italy, 980nm +645nm), which can stimulate the spontaneous eruption of the canine, without orthodontic traction application. Moreover, the purpose of this study is to monitor the movement of the impacted tooth after exposure with laser approach with digital technologies.
Another aspect of this study is focused on the differences between digital monitoring through scanner and conventional monitoring which is based exclusively on the clinical evaluation of the photos and the study of the plaster casts.
The final experimental sample was constituted of 18 patients, 9 females and 9 males; of these 8 patients showed a bilateral inclusion and 10 a mono-lateral inclusion of the canine, for a total of 26 canines. To demonstrate the validity of the technique applied to the study group, a CONTROL GROUP, which included 9 patients with unilateral and bilateral palatally impacted canines (in total 13 canines), treated by a traditional surgical-orthodontic approach, was observed.
This experimental project was conducted in order to evaluate the effectiveness of laser surgery as an alternative approach to conventional surgical-orthodontic treatment.
After laser exposure, no orthodontics treatment was initiated until the impacted tooth had erupted sufficiently into the palate and the autonomous eruption capacity was assessed.
The spontaneous eruption was quantified by measuring the millimeter distance between the cusp of the canine one week after surgery (released from the overlying mucous and bone tissues) and the cusp of the same after 16 weeks from laser surgery.
Of the 26 canines under study all of them performed a movement between 2,72 mm and 7,04 mm (mean value: 5,01 mm).
Therefore, we can state that, at the end of the evaluation period of 16 weeks, a significant teeth movement was observed. Furthermore, the exposure of part of the dental crown, allowed, in all cases treated, to apply a bracket or a button to align the tooth in the dental arch.
Our data suggests that the response of the dental element to the bio-stimulant action of the laser, applied to expose their crown, can be considered effective.
Of the values obtained, the ones most distanced from the mean value were considered (the highest values 6,9 and 7,04 and the minimum values 2,72 and 3,12) and the type of inclusion of treated canines to which they refer was evaluated.
The four values correspond to canines in bone inclusion; in particular, the millimetric value 7,04 corresponds to a deep inclusion canine.
Therefore, from what emerges from our study, no significant correlation was found between the extent of spontaneous eruption (in mm) and the type of inclusion.
A further purpose of this study was the evaluation of the possible different action between the CO2 laser (wavelength: 10600 nm; power: 4.5 Watts) used in super-pulsed emission mode (that no have bio-stimulation capacity) and the diode laser (wavelength: 980 nm + 645 nm; power: 4 Watts) used in continuous wave emission mode.
Comparing the millimeters of eruption of the canines treated with the two different types of lasers and applying the Student’s T-Test, we found a super-imposable value.
Moreover, the study groups (group A and group B) and the control group were compared in terms of mean eruption time, respectively spontaneous or forced by means of a Crozat orthodontic device, activated monthly to allow the displacement of the canines .I n the control group the duration of the orthodontic traction is, on average, 10 months. In the study groups the canine eruption was spontaneous and occurred in an average period of 4 months. It can be stated that, although a forced orthodontic traction was applied in the control group to allow tooth eruption, the eruption times in the study groups were significantly lower. The results obtained indicate the effectiveness of the new approach proposed by us, although performed on a small sample of patients. The results are significant from different points of view.
The advantages found in this study are numerous. The main advantages of digital monitoring are the possibility of evaluating parameters that cannot be evaluated analogically and of making measurements of distances normally calculated on plaster casts with compass and rubber with the respective errors. Other advantages are represented by the reduction of work time, due to the abolishing of the need to request plaster casts to the dental technician. Which also means the reduction of the costs of the laboratory and it also means less costs for the patients.
By eliminating the steps of the analogue impressions and of the plaster casts, the details are certainly represented with more precision and accuracy and there is a minimum error accumulated. This digital workflow that is created is also managed entirely by a single person, which represents a further saving of time.
Moreover, we have clinical advantages, that are the less discomfort of the patient who does not tolerate the classic impressions in alginate and of the orthodontist, and the reduction of the chair time. The application of the digital technologies in the monitoring helps the orthodontist to make clinical decisions supported on measurable data and not just on clinical experience. The our ortho-surgical protocol with the use of different technologies set off to a new concept of work in dentistry, in particular, in the cases characterized by impacted teeth or cases that expect an orthodontic and surgical approach. Finally, a not indifferent aspect consists in the reduce of treatment time, which is an advantage for both the orthodontist and the patient. It is consequence of the reduction of the steps and work-time, and it is due to the real monitoring that can be performed on the patient
Orthodontic problems of pathological frenulum: importance of intercepted diagnosis and of timing treatment
No full textBackground: The frenula of the oral cavity are anatomical structures, histologically constituted by a fibromucosa, which join the inner surface of the upper and lower lip with the buccal mucosa of the alveolar process (frenula labial median and lateral) and the ventral surface of the tongue with the floor of the mouth (lingual frenulum).
The oral frenula normally undergo changes in shape, size and position during the different stages of growth and development of the people. When they arise changes in morphological and structural characteristics, leading to pathological conditions of various kinds and severity, such frenula defining pathological.
Objectives: In this work, analysis is performed of the etiophatogenesis, diagnostic elements and timing of therapeutic treatments toward these clinical cases, further into detail orthodontics problems.
Methods: The intervention of the odontologist with a thorough clinical examination radiographic investigations and assisted by an early framing of the patient, are the best diagnostic and therapeutic approach.
Results: The problems arising from late or non-intervention in the case of pathological frenula, may lead to significant morphological and structural of the patient.
Discussion and Conclusions: The complex clinical and issues related to abnormalities of frenula of the oral cavity, require an adequate knowledge of the development processes of the organism and diagnostic procedures, in order to preserve structural and functional integrity of stomatognathic system, structures and organs connected to it
Control of oral hygiene in the orthodontic patient: comparison between public facility and private practice
Full text linkAims. To evaluate how the application of orthodontic appliances influences the level of collaboration in the oral hygiene of the patient and whether a difference exists between patients treated in public and private structures.
Methods. From April 2016 to December 2017, two hundred patients, 100 treated in the Orthodontics Department of "Sapienza" University of Rome and 100 treated in a private practice, have been evaluated for six months from the start of the treatment. All the 200 patients completed a questionnaire and an evaluation with OHI-S (Oral Health Index-Simplified) modified oral hygiene index, repeated every three months. All data have been statistically analyzed to evaluate the level of collaboration to oral hygiene and eventually present differences between public vs private structures. The differences in behavior in oral hygiene with reference to different orthodontic devices (fixed/removable) were also evaluated and the ability to maintain adequate oral hygiene with respect to the expected length of orthodontic treatment was assessed.
Results. A statistically significant difference was found between the initial level of plaque index at the T0 and T1 time, found at a lower level. The maintenance of oral hygiene between public or private facilities, although the initial level was different, were eventually revealed to be not statistically different at the planned controls. There was indeed a difference between patients in treatment with fixed or removable appliances, showing a higher level of plaque deposition for the first group.
Conclusions. The appropriate prescription of an oral hygiene protocol in orthodontic patients and the periodical reiteration of the message are positively correlated with an improvement of oral hygiene conditions, in spite of the sort of health facility and mainly related to the ability of the dental professionals. The presence of a fixed appliance strengthened the need for a close control
Relationship between Temporomandibular Disc Displacement and Vertical Skeletal Facial Type in adolescent patients: A Retrospective Study
No full textAIM: to evaluate the relationship between the disc displacement and the vertical skeletal facial type in
adolescent patients with temporomandibular disorders. METHODS: The patients were divided in 3
vertical skeletal facial type: Normodivergent, Hypodivergent and Hyperdivergent based on lateral
cephalogram. The disc position was classified by MRI in: Normal (N), Disc Displacement with
reduction (DDwR) and Disc Displacement without Reduction (DDwoR). The Chi2 test was performed
for the relationship. RESULTS: 50 patients adolescents were evaluated (18 Normodivergent, 16
Hypodivergent and 16 Hyperdivergent). DDwR occurred in 55% of Normodivergent and in 40% of
Hypodivergent patients and DDwoR occurred in 73% hyperdivergent patients (P 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: this study suggests that hyperdivergent patients have a greater risk of having a
DDwoR, so an assessment of this condition is necessary during the diagnosis and planning of
orthodontic treatment in growing patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
CO2 laser for surgical treatment of impacted canines
No full textINTRODUCTION
Impaction is defined as the failure of tooth eruption at its correct site in the dental arch, in its normal period of growth. The permanent maxillary canine is the most commonly impacted tooth after third molars, it has a predilection for the oral side with a tendency to be unilateral. It is more common in females. The etiology is unclear: orally impacted canines can be associated with hypoplastic or missing lateral incisors or with aplasia of premolars, presence of supernumerary teeth and malpositioned third molars.
There are many possible surgical techniques to approach impacted canines: early interceptive intervention or late intervention, including extraction, autotransplantation, surgical exposure of the canine’s crown with open or closed technique and subsequent orthodontic alignment. The choice depends on canine position, associated malocclusion, skill and experience of orthodontist and surgeon, patient compliance.
Literature reports that High-Intensity Laser Therapies (HILT) with cutting action on the soft tissues, can also be used for opercolectomy of impacted tooth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A 13-years-old male referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, for an orthodontic examination because of the maxillary primary canines persistence in dental arch. Orthopanoramic x-ray showed osteomucosal impaction of both permanent maxillary canines. The family history revealed that patient’s mother had the same orthodontic problem. Cone Beam CT was requested to plan the surgical-orthodontic treatment. Surgical exposure of the impacted canines was performed using a CO2 laser (Smart US20D®, DEKA-Florence, Italy) and subsequent periodontal wrap application. No orthodontic devices were applied for impacted teeth traction on dental arch. Canines movement towards the dental arch was monitored at 1, 8 and 16 weeks post-surgery with intraoral scanner CS3500 (Carestream Dental). When canines crowns were completely erupted on palatal side, the alignment in the arch with direct/indirect bonding technique was performed.
RESULTS
Complete disimpaction of canines crown was obtained in only four months.
CONCLUSIONS
As mentioned in Literature, this case confirms that impacted canines exposure with CO2 laser has advantages if compared with traditional surgery: no bleeding during and after procedure, no need to use sutures and laser biostimulating effect allow spontaneous eruption faster than with conventional treatments
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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