1,720,954 research outputs found
Analysis of the degree of mutual influence between the evolution of the automotive industry and the metropolitan socio-spatial domain. The case of Detroit, Michigan
No full text-The thesis aims to investigate the mutual influence between the evolution of the US automotive industry and the metropolitan area of Detroit, Michigan, the latter examined in its spatial and social constituents. The analysis has been articulated according to specific space and time frames. On the one hand, a cross-scalar “spatial frame” has been chosen to examine the intrinsically reticular nature of the US automotive realm while, contemporarily, allowing to investigate the rather “areal” and “linear” dimensions characterizing the metropolitan socio-spatial domain. On the other hand, an appropriate “time frame” has been selected according to a twofold purpose: first, the entire time-span considered has to be sufficiently extended to include all crucial stages of the US automobile industry’s evolution (thus allowing for extrapolating long-term patterns as well as minor trends and counter-trends); second, the temporal frame needed to be sub-divided in shorter periods to carry out more analytic investigation. In order to meet these criteria, the whole period covered by the dissertation runs approximately from 1880 until the early 2010s, where the two extremes correspond to the initial stage of the US industrial revolution and the present time, respectively. Then, the 130-year time span has been further sub-divided into shorter “phases” (and/or “sub-phases”) assuming as breaking-points between subsequent phases economic recessions and/or wartime periods. Ultimately, the body of the thesis has been articulated into 3 major phases and 5 sub-phases; in addition, this sub-division have been adopted for organizing the internal structure into chapters. In particular, Chapters 1 and 2 refer to the 1880-1900 period, while Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 analyze the rise of the US automotive industry and the evolution of the socio-spatial domain until the recession of the early 1920s. Chapters 5 and 6 focus on the interwar decades, including the Great Depression which followed the Wall Street Crash of 1929. Chapter 7 and Chapter 8 document the patterns of continuity and change in the US automobile industry and the metropolitan socio-spatial domain during World War II and the postwar period. Chapter 9 investigates the major changes occurring in the US automobile industry following the 1973-1974 oil shortage, while Chapter 10 attempts to provide an overview of the principal trends characterizing the last decades. Finally, Chapter 11 examines the evolution of the Detroit’s socio-spatial domain over the entire 1973-2010s phase.
Moreover, for each given phase and/or sub-phase, events have been analyzed by making use of “analytic categories” and “sub-categories” which offer valuable interpretation keys allowing to exit the chronological description of facts as well as providing a set of guidelines used to assist interpreters in rapidly identifying features and tracing evolutionary patterns. If necessary, for each sub-category has been determined a set of “indicators” which have been applied for monitoring the trend of a selected variable over time. The group of analytic dimensions employed for investigating the “automotive realm” comprehends: a) agents of change; b) processes and operations (i.e. product development and product manufacturing); c) organizational structure (i.e. intra- and inter-corporate relations; corporate-suppliers relations; labor-management relations); d) geography (i.e. national, regional, and local scale). The sub-categories and indicators used for tracing the evolution of the socio-spatial domain include: a) metropolitan form (i.e. population change, metropolitan expansion, population density and building vacancy rate, metropolitan structure; land use); b) social morphology (i.e. ethnicity and race, educational attainment, employment and unemployment rate, jobs by occupation, jobs by industry, income, poverty rate); c) local government policies and corporate management interaction.
Finally, two sets of preliminary conclusions are discussed: the former focuses on the metamorphosis of the US automobile industry, by making a specific reference to the main technical, organizational, and spatial changes illustrated for each phase; the latter reasons about the hypothetical correlation existing between the major shifts occurring within the industry and the socio-spatial evolution of the Motor City.DIPARTIMENTO DI ARCHITETTURA E STUDI URBANI25GOLDSTEIN BOLOCAN, MATTEO ALESSANDROSALERNO, ROSSELL
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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