1,721,088 research outputs found
Quantum correlations beyond entanglement in a classical-channel model of gravity
Full text linkA direct quantization of the Newtonian interaction between two masses is
known to establish entanglement, which if detected would witness the quantum
nature of the gravitational field. Gravitational interaction is yet compatible
also with gravitational decoherence models relying on classical channels, hence
unable to create entanglement. Here, we show in paradigmatic cases that,
despite the absence of entanglement, a classical-channel model of gravity can
still establish quantum correlations in the form of quantum discord between two
masses. This is demonstrated for the Kafri-Taylor-Milburn (KTM) model and a
recently proposed dissipative extension of this. In both cases, starting from
an uncorrelated state, a significant amount of discord is generally created.
This eventually decays in the KTM model, while it converges to a small
stationary value in its dissipative extension. We also find that initial local
squeezing on the state of the masses can significanlty enhance the generated
discord.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Spin down during quiescence of the fastest known accretion-powered pulsar
No full textWe present a timing solution for the 598.89 Hz accreting millisecond pulsar, IGR J00291+5934, using Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer data taken during the two outbursts exhibited by the source on 2008 August and September. We estimate the neutron star spin frequency and we refine the system orbital solution. To achieve the highest possible accuracy in the measurement of the spin frequency variation experienced by the source in-between the 2008 August outburst and the last outburst exhibited in 2004, we re-analysed the latter considering the whole data set available. We find that the source spins down during quiescence at an average rate of dot{νsd=(-4.1±1.2)×10-15} Hz s-1. We discuss possible scenarios that can account for the long-term neutron star spin-down in terms of either magneto-dipole emission, emission of gravitational waves, and a propeller effect. If interpreted in terms of magneto-dipole emission, the measured spin down translates into an upper limit to the neutron star magnetic field, B ≲ 3 × 108 G, while an upper limit to the average neutron star mass quadrupole moment of Q ≲ 2 × 1036 g cm2 is set if the spin down is interpreted in terms of the emission of gravitational waves
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
X-ray spectroscopy of the ADC source X1822-371 with Chandra and XMM-Newton
No full textContext. The eclipsing low-mass X-ray binary X1822-371 is the prototype of the accretion disc corona (ADC) sources. Its inclination angle (\sime82.5\deg) is high enough that flux from the neutron star is blocked by the edge-on accretion disc. Because the neutron star’s direct emission is hidden, its ADC emission is visible. The physical properties of the ADC in X1822-371 have been widely studied, but are still debated in literature. In light of the recent literature and of the results reported in this work we show that the ADC is optically thin. Aims: We analyse two Chandra observations and one XMM-Newton observation to study the discrete features in this source and their variation as a function of the orbital phase, deriving constraints on the temperature, density, and location of the plasma responsible for emission lines. Methods: The HETGS and XMM/Epic-pn observed X1822-371 for 140 and 50 ks, respectively. We extracted an averaged spectrum and five spectra from five selected orbital-phase intervals that are 0.04-0.25, 0.25-0.50, 0.50-0.75, 0.75-0.95, and, finally, 0.95-1.04; the orbital phase zero corresponds to the eclipse time. All spectra cover the energy band between 0.35 and 12 keV. Results: We confirm the presence of local neutral matter that partially covers the X-ray emitting region; the equivalent hydrogen column is 5 \times 10 cm and the covered fraction is about 60-65%. We identify several emission lines of He-like and H-like ions, and a prominent fluorescence iron line associated with a blending of Fe i-Fe xv resonant transitions. The transitions of He-like ions show that the intercombination dominates over the forbidden and resonance lines. The line fluxes are the highest during the orbital phases between 0.04 and 0.75. Conclusions: We discuss the presence of an extended, optically thin corona with optical depth of about 0.01 that scatters the X-ray photons from the innermost region into the line of sight. The photoionised plasma producing the O viii, Ne ix, Ne x, Mg xi, Mg xii, Si xiii, and Si xiv lines is placed in the bulge at the outer radius of the disc distant from the central source of 6 \times 10 cm. The O vii and the fluorescence iron line are probably produced in the photoionised surface of the disc at inner radii. Finally, we suggest that the observed local neutral matter is the matter transferred by the companion star that was expelled from the system by the X-ray radiation pressure, which in turn originated in the accretion process onto the neutron star
Spectral Analysis of LMC-X2 with XMM/Newton
No full textWe present the results of the analisys of an archival observation of LMC X-2 performed with XMM/Newton. The spectra of this source has never been analyzed with a high precision instrument before. The spectrum of the source can be fitted with a blackbody with a temperature 1.5 keV plus a disk blackbody at 0.8 keV. We argue that the emission of this source can be straightforwardly interpreted as a sum of the emission from a boundary layer between the NS and the disc and a blackbody component coming from the disc itself. The detection of the O VIII emission line (and the lack of detection of lines in the iron region) can be due to the fact that the source lies in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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