1,721,004 research outputs found
Hydrodynamical adaptive mesh refinement simulations of turbulent flows - II. Cosmological simulations of galaxy clusters
No full textThe development of turbulent gas flows in the intra-cluster medium and in the core of a galaxy cluster is studied by means of adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) cosmological simulations. A series of six runs was performed, employing identical simulation parameters but different criteria for triggering the mesh refinement. In particular, two different AMR strategies were followed, based on the regional variability of control variables of the flow and on the overdensity of subclumps, respectively. We show that both approaches, albeit with different results, are useful to get an improved resolution of the turbulent flow in the ICM. The vorticity is used as a diagnostic for turbulence, showing that the turbulent flow is not highly volume filling but has a large area-covering factor, in agreement with previous theoretical expectations. The measured turbulent velocity in the cluster core is larger than 200 km s−1, and the level of turbulent pressure contribution to the cluster hydrostatic equilibrium is increased by using the improved AMR criteria
Turbulence driven by structure formation in the circumgalactic medium
No full textThe injection of turbulence in the circumgalactic medium at redshift z = 2 is investigated using the mesh-based hydrodynamic code ENZO and a sub-grid-scale (SGS) model for unresolved turbulence. Radiative cooling and heating by a uniform Ultraviolet (UV) background are included in our runs and compared with the effect of turbulence modelling. Mechanisms of gas exchange between galaxies and the surrounding medium, as well as metal enrichment, are not taken into account, and turbulence is here driven solely by structure formation (mergers and shocks). We find that turbulence, both at resolved and SGS scales, impacts mostly the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM), with temperature between 105 and 107 K, mainly located around collapsed and shock-heated structures, and in filaments. Typical values of the ratio of turbulent to thermal pressure is 0.1 in the WHIM, corresponding to a volume-weighted average of the SGS turbulent to thermal Doppler broadening bt/btherm = 0.26, on length scales below the grid resolution of 25 kpc h- 1. In the diffuse intergalactic medium, defined in a range of baryon overdensity δ between 1 and 50, the importance of turbulence is smaller, but grows as a function of gas density, and the Doppler broadening ratio is fitted by the function bt/btherm = 0.023 × δ0.58
Turbulence modeling and the physics of the intra-cluster medium
No full textFEARLESS (Fluid mEchanics with Adaptively Refined Large Eddy SimulationS) is a new numerical scheme arising from the combined use of subgrid scale (SGS) model for turbulence at the unresolved length scales and adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) for resolving the large scales. This tool is especially suitable for the study of turbulent flows in strongly clumped media. In this contribution, the main features of FEARLESS are briefly outlined. We then summarize the main results of FEARLESS cosmological simulations of galaxy cluster evolution. In clusters, the production of turbulence is closely correlated with merger events; for minor mergers, we find that turbulent dissipation affects the cluster energy budget only locally. The level of entropy in the cluster core is enhanced in FEARLESS simulations, in accord with a better modeling of the unresolved flow, and with its feedback on the resolved mixing in the ICM
Adaptively refined large eddy simulations of a galaxy cluster: Turbulence modeling and the physics of the intracluster medium
No full textWe present a numerical scheme for modeling unresolved turbulence in cosmological adaptive mesh refinement codes. As a first application, we study the evolution of turbulence in the intracluster medium (ICM) and in the core of a galaxy cluster. Simulations with and without subgrid scale (SGS) model are compared in detail. Since the flow in the ICM is subsonic, the global turbulent energy contribution at the unresolved length scales is smaller than 1% of the internal energy. We find that the production of turbulence is closely correlated with merger events occurring in the cluster environment, and its dissipation locally affects the cluster energy budget. Because of this additional source of dissipation, the core temperature is larger and the density is smaller in the presence of SGS turbulence than in the standard adiabatic run, resulting in a higher entropy core value.Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Foundatio
Hydrodynamical adaptive mesh refinement simulations of turbulent flows - I. Substructure in a wind
No full textThe problem of the resolution of turbulent flows in adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) simulations is investigated by means of three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical simulations in an idealized setup, representing a moving subcluster during a merger event. AMR simulations performed with the usual refinement criteria based on local gradients of selected variables do not properly resolve the production of turbulence downstream of the cluster. Therefore, we apply novel AMR criteria which are optimised to follow the evolution of a turbulent flow. We demonstrate that these criteria provide a better resolution of the flow past the subcluster, allowing us to follow the onset of the shear instability, the evolution of the turbulent wake and the subsequent back-reaction on the subcluster core morphology. We discuss some implications for the modelling of cluster cold fronts
Reduced basis method and domain decomposition for elliptic problems in networks and complex parametrized geometries
No full textThe aim of this work is to solve parametrized partial differential equations in computational domains represented by networks of repetitive geometries by combining reduced basis and domain decomposition techniques. The main idea behind this approach is to compute once, locally and for few reference shapes, some representative finite element solutions for different values of the parameters and with a set of different suitable boundary conditions on the boundaries: these functions will represent the basis of a reduced space where the global solution is sought for. The continuity of the latter is assured by a classical domain decomposition approach. Test results on Poisson problem show the flexibility of the proposed method in which accuracy and computational time may be tuned by varying the number of reduced basis functions employed, or the set of boundary conditions used for defining locally the basis functions. The proposed approach simplifies the pre-computation of the reduced basis space by splitting the global problem into smaller local subproblems. Thanks to this feature, it allows dealing with arbitrarily complex network and features more flexibility than a classical global reduced basis approximation where the topology of the geometry is fixed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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