1,720,956 research outputs found
Corporate Ownership and Environmental Proactivity: A European Perspective
No full textThe present paper attempts to advance knowledge in the understanding of the drivers of firms’ environmental proactivity. In particular, it aims to explore the relationship between different corporate ownership structures and firms’ environmental proactivity, in order to visualize if some types of shareholders (institutional ownership, state ownership and diffuse ownership) could act as a
stimulating driver for firms’ proactive environmental strategies. The attention is focused on the European firms that answered to the Carbon Disclosure Project questionnaire 2012 and obtained a score.
The study, performing two linear regression models, shows that firms with a higher percentage of
shares held by the state present superior environmental proactivity, while greater stakes held by
institutional investors or a more diffuse ownership do not seem to be related with firms’ green proactivity
Boards and Firms' Environmental Proactivity: Evidence from European Polluting Industries
No full textThe present paper addresses the relation between board size and composition and firms’ environmental proactivity. Specifically, it aims at exploring the relationship between firms’ board structure and their green proactivity, within the agency theory and resource dependence theory frameworks, in order to outline if particular types of board composition could act as a stimulating driver for firms’ proactive environmental strategies.
The theoretical analysis is completed by an empirical exploration, performed by two linear regression models, on a sample of European firms, belonging to polluting industries, that were included in the Carbon Disclosure Project questionnaire 2012. The Score emerging from the questionnaire is considered as a proxy for firms’ environmental proactivity, while the industry choice is related to the increasing pressure for better environmental performance that polluting industries are nowadays experiencing because of the stakeholders’ and media requests.
The results show that board composition matters in firms’ environmental proactivity. In particular, firms with a higher percentage of independent directors in the board and a two tier system of governance present superior environmental proactivity, while a greater percentage of non executive directors and of women or board size do not seem to be related with firms’ proactive environmental strategies
SHOCK EVENTS AND CORPORATE ANNOUNCEMENTS
No full textIn recent years, the attention of scholars and managers on crisis management has been increasing. Dur- ing the past two decades many researchers have, in fact, conducted theoretical and empirical studies on the topic of large scale organizational crises (Pearson and Clair, 1998; Pearson and Mitroff, 1993; Shrivastava et al., 1988; Shrivastava, 1993), aiming at understanding the causes, effects and management of such events. As corporate crises are multidisciplinary phenomena, scholars have used different perspectives of analysis, such as psychological, social-political and technological-structural views, as well as integrated frameworks (Pearson and Clair, 1998; Shrivastava et al., 1988) for observing such events, but most of the studies are focused on the detection and prevention of the crisis itself. Less attention has instead been given to the management and measurement of the effects of a crisis, in particular when the crisis is the consequence of a shock event.
A group of researchers have attempted to evaluate the impact of such phenomena on shareholder value (Coleman, 2008; Ferretti and Ziccardi, 2003; Knight and Pretty, 1999; Walker et al., 2005), while others have focused the attention on the different types of communication strategies following a crisis (Benoit, 1997; Coombs, 1995; Coombs, 2000; Marra, 1998), but only Marcus and Goodman (1991) have tried to evaluate the impact on investors’ expectations of the announcements made by corporate managers during a crisis. After a shock event, instead, the response strategies made by the organiza- tion in order to face the emerging situation become of vital importance and represent different signals that corporate management send to financial markets (Myers and Majluf, 1984; Ross, 1977). A wrong signal may even threaten the organizational survival.
There is, therefore, a lack of literature on this theme, in particular on the effects that the different corporate announcements following a shock event may have on shareholders’ value. The aim of the present paper is to fill this gap of research, trying to verify if, in case of a shock event, there are types of corporate announcement that may influence stock price behaviour better than others. Following the communication research literature, that suggested the influence of situations on the selection of corporate announcements (Coombs, 1995; Coombs, 2000; Coombs and Holladay, 2002), we’ll try also to determine if the communication strategy may be affected by the type of shock event. The paper is organised as follows. In Paragraph 2, we first provide a definition of shock event, underlining the differences with the concepts of crisis and disaster. Paragraph 3 analyses the different communication strategies following a shock event, drawing from signalling and attribution theories and it illustrates the hypotheses. In Paragraph 4, we propose the research methodology. Paragraph 5, instead, shows the results and discussion of the empirical analysis, while in the last session we conclude analysing implications of the results, limitations and opportunities for future research
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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