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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Fontes energéticas alternativas na alimentação de cabras Saanen em lactação
Get PDFThe objective in this study was to characterize and evaluate the nutritional values and nutritive of feeds used in diets for Saanen goats, and its effects on milk production and blood parameters. Five Saanen goats after 60 days in milk (56.7 ± 5.22 kg and average daily production of 3.0 L of milk) were distributed in 5x5 latin square design and fed diets composed of Tifton 85 hay and concentrate rations containing soybean meal, mineral-vitamin supplement, common salt and different energy sources: ground corn, soybean hulls, ground ear corn, cassava byproduct and corn + protected fat. Contents were determined for dry matter, ash, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, physically effective fiber and lignin. Organic matter, total carbohydrates and non-fiber carbohydrates were estimated. Carbohydrates were divided into fractions A + B1 (rapidly degradable carbohydrates), fraction B2 (potentially degradable carbohydrates) and fraction C (non-degradable carbohydrates); and the protein in the fractions A (soluble), fraction B1 (rapid ruminal degradation), B2 fraction (intermediate degradation), B3 fraction (slow degradation) and fraction C (indigestible). To determine the total gas production and kinetics of ruminal fermentation parameters, the automatic technique in vitro was used, modified by Ankom®. The dry matter intake was estimated by the difference between the supplied food and the orts in the days of sampling. Indigestible acid detergent fiber was used as internal marker to estimate the digestibility of dry matter and nutrients. The control of milk production was done by weighing it every milking. Goats' blood samples were collected to analyze the concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and urea. Simplified economic analysis was performed to determine the benefit:cost of feed used. Differences were observed (P <0.05) among the parameters A, B, C, E and A + D of ruminal degradation kinetics. Significant differences were observed in the ether extract intakes and total digestible nutrients. Treatments that showed better results for digestibility were soybean hulls and cassava byproduct. Milk production, production corrected for 35 g fat/kg of milk and production efficiency did not differ among different energy sources. The highest blood urea levels were observed for treatments containing cassava byproduct and corn + protected fat. The treatment containing ground ear corn presented the best cost: benefit ratio. The total gas production was higher in feeds with a high content of non-fiber carbohydrates, namely: ground corn, ground ear corn and cassava byproduct, result of a higher fraction A, with rapid degradation, observed for these feed. The inclusion of alternative energy sources in diets for lactating goats Saanen does not alter the dry matter intake, milk production and production efficiency. As for digestibility, the best results can be attributed to treatments containing soybean hulls and cassava byproduct, however, the treatment containing ground ear corn showed the best cost: benefit ratio.Objetivou-se com este estudo caracterizar e avaliar os valores nutricional e nutritivo de alimentos utilizados nas rações para cabras Saanen, e seus efeitos na produção de leite e parâmetros sanguíneos. Foram utilizadas cinco cabras Saanen após 60 dias em lactação (56,7 ± 5,22 kg e produção média diária de 3,0 L de leite), distribuídas em quadrado latino 5x5 recebendo dietas compostas por feno de Tifton 85 e rações concentradas contendo farelo de soja, suplemento mineral-vitamínico, sal comum e diferentes fontes energéticas: milho moído, casca do grão de soja, milho desintegrado com palha e sabugo, resíduo seco de fecularia de mandioca e milho + gordura protegida. Foram determinados os teores de matéria seca, cinzas, proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido, fibra fisicamente efetiva e lignina. Foram estimados a matéria orgânica, os carboidratos totais e os carboidratos não fibrosos. Os carboidratos foram divididos nas frações A+B1 (carboidratos rapidamente degradáveis), fração B2 (carboidratos potencialmente degradáveis) e fração C (carboidratos não degradáveis); e a proteína, nas frações A (solúvel), fração B1 (rápida degradação ruminal), fração B2 (degradação intermediária), fração B3 (lenta degradação) e fração C (indigestível). Para a determinação da produção total de gás e os parâmetros da cinética da fermentação ruminal, foi utilizada a técnica automática in vitro, modificada pela Ankom®. A ingestão de matéria seca foi estimada pela diferença entre o alimento fornecido e as sobras nos dias do período de coleta. Foi utilizada a fibra em detergente ácido indigestível como indicador interno para estimar a digestibilidade da matéria seca e dos nutrientes. O controle da produção de leite foi feito por meio da pesagem deste a cada ordenha. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue das cabras para analisar as concentrações de glicose, triglicerídeos, colesterol e ureia. Foi realizada análise econômica simplificada para determinar a relação benefício:custo das rações utilizadas. Foram observadas diferenças (P<0,05) entre os parâmetros A, B, C, E e A+D da cinética de degradação ruminal. Foram observadas diferenças significativas nas ingestões de extrato etéreo e dos nutrientes digestíveis totais. Os tratamentos contendo casca do grão de soja e resíduo seco de fecularia de mandioca apresentaram melhores resultados para digestibilidade. A produção de leite, produção corrigida para 35 g de gordura/kg de leite e eficiência de produção não foram alteradas com as diferentes fontes energéticas. Os maiores níveis séricos de ureia foram observados para os tratamentos contendo resíduo seco de fecularia de mandioca e milho + gordura protegida. O tratamento contendo milho desintegrado com palha e sabugo foi o que apresentou melhor relação benefício:custo. A produção total de gás foi maior nos alimentos com alto teor de carboidratos não fibrosos, sendo eles: milho moído, milho desintegrado com palha e sabugo e resíduo seco de fecularia de mandioca, resultado da maior fração A, de rápida degradação, observada para estes alimentos. A inclusão de fontes energéticas alternativas em rações para cabras Saanen em lactação não altera a ingestão de matéria seca, a produção de leite e a eficiência de produção. Quanto à digestibilidade, os melhores resultados podem ser atribuídos aos tratamentos contendo casca do grão de soja e resíduo seco de fecularia de mandioca, porém, o tratamento com milho desintegrado com palha e sabugo apresentou melhor relação benefício:custo.xiii, 46
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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