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FIGURE 1 in Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from Japan
No full textFIGURE 1. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree of mealybugs (132 taxa) inferred in IQ-tree. COI, 18S and 28S D2 sequences of Dysmicoccus kunaw sp. nov. and Phenacoccus miruku sp. nov. were included in the molecular dataset of Choi & Lee (2022). 18S and 28S D2 sequences of P. peruvianus and P. manihoti from NCBI were also newly included in this analysis. ML ultrafast bootstrap values are shown at each node.Published as part of Tanaka, Hirotaka, Sasaki, Daisuke, Choi, Jinyeong, Husnik, Filip & Kamitani, Satoshi, 2022, Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from Japan, pp. 306-318 in Zootaxa 5168 (3) on page 308, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/688271
FIGURE 3 in Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from Japan
No full textFIGURE 3. Dysmicoccus kunaw sp. nov. adult female collected in Hokkaido Island, Japan in 2020. ALC, anal lobe cerarii; ANT, antenna; C11, cerarius 11; DP, discoidal pore; LG, hind tibia, tarsus and claw; MP, multilocular disc pores; OCD I, large type of oral collar duct; OCD II, small type of oral collar duct; PLC, Penultimate cerarius; TP, trilocular pore. Scale bars: 200 µm for ANT and LG; 100 µm for ALC, PLC and C11; 10 µm for others.Published as part of Tanaka, Hirotaka, Sasaki, Daisuke, Choi, Jinyeong, Husnik, Filip & Kamitani, Satoshi, 2022, Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from Japan, pp. 306-318 in Zootaxa 5168 (3) on page 311, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/688271
FIGURE 5 in Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from Japan
No full textFIGURE 5. Phenacoccus miruku sp. nov. adult female collected in Okinawa Island, Japan in 2021. ALC, anal lobe cerarii; ANT, antenna; DP, discoidal pore; DS, dorsal setae; LG, hind tibia, tarsus and claw; MP, multilocular disc pores; OCD, oral collar duct; PLC, penultimate cerarius; TP, trilocular pore; VS, ventral setae of types I–II. Scale bars: 200 µm for ANT and LG; 50 µm for ALC and PLC; 10 µm for others.Published as part of Tanaka, Hirotaka, Sasaki, Daisuke, Choi, Jinyeong, Husnik, Filip & Kamitani, Satoshi, 2022, Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from Japan, pp. 306-318 in Zootaxa 5168 (3) on page 315, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/688271
At the threshold of symbiosis: the genome of obligately endosymbiotic ‘Candidatus Nebulobacter yamunensis’ is almost indistinguishable from that of a cultivable strain
Full text linkComparing obligate endosymbionts with their free-living relatives is a powerful approach to investigate the evolution of symbioses, and it has led to the identification of several genomic traits consistently associated with the establishment of symbiosis. 'Candidatus Nebulobacter yamunensis' is an obligate bacterial endosymbiont of the ciliate Euplotes that seemingly depends on its host for survival. A subsequently characterized bacterial strain with an identical 16S rRNA gene sequence, named Fastidiosibacter lacustris, can instead be maintained in pure culture. We analysed the genomes of 'Candidatus Nebulobacter' and Fastidiosibacter seeking to identify key differences between their functional traits and genomic structure that might shed light on a recent transition to obligate endosymbiosis. Surprisingly, we found almost no such differences: the two genomes share a high level of sequence identity, the same overall structure, and largely overlapping sets of genes. The similarities between the genomes of the two strains are at odds with their different ecological niches, confirmed here with a parallel growth experiment. Although other pairs of closely related symbiotic/free-living bacteria have been compared in the past, 'Candidatus Nebulobacter' and Fastidiosibacter represent an extreme example proving that a small number of (unknown) factors might play a pivotal role in the earliest stages of obligate endosymbiosis establishment
Dysmicoccus Ferris 1950
No full textGenus Dysmicoccus Ferris, 1950 Dysmicoccus Ferris 1950: 53. Type species: Dactylopius brevipes Cockerell 1893. Parkermicus Khalid & Shafee 1988: 31. Type species: Parkermicus polyanosetosus Khalid and Shafee 1988. Diagnosis (adapted from Tanaka & Kamitani 2021). Body of adult female elongate to broadly oval. Anal lobes usually developed, either membranous or sclerotised, each lobe bearing a normal apical seta. Ventral margins of abdominal segments anterior to anal lobes always membranous. Antennae each with 6–8 segments. Legs well developed; translucent pores present or absent; tarsal digitules usually knobbed. Claw without a denticle. Cerarii numbering 6–17 pairs. Auxiliary setae present, at least in anal lobe cerarii. Anal lobe cerarii each bearing either 2 cerarian setae or as many as 8, the setae usually conical; sometimes conical setae replaced by flagellate setae but cerarii always recognisable by concentrations of trilocular pores. Anal ring normally situated at apex of abdomen, usually bearing 6 setae.Anterior and posterior ostioles present. Dorsal setae variously shaped. Ventral setae flagellate. Trilocular pores present on both dorsal and ventral surfaces. Multilocular pores usually present, at least on venter. Quinquelocular pores always absent. Oral collar tubular ducts usually present. Oral rim tubular ducts always absent. Discoidal pores present, sometimes large, occasionally present next to each eye. Remarks. The molecular phylogenetic analysis on mealybugs conducted in this study showed that the genus Dysmicoccus is not a simple monophyletic group but forms a single large clade with several other genera, such as Pseudococcus Westwood 1840, Trionymus Berg 1899, Paraputo Laing 1929, etc. (Fig. 1), so the current definition of Dysmicoccus is probably arbitrary. Further molecular and morphological studies on this genus are greatly needed. Key to adult females of Dysmicoccus species in Japan 1(0) Cerarii numbering fewer than 13 pairs.................................................................... 2 - Cerarii numbering more than 14 pairs (usually 17 pairs)....................................................... 3 2(1) Anal lobe cerarius containing more than 10 auxiliary setae. Dorsum with multilocular pores. Body narrow and parallel sided, with ratio of maximum body length: width 1: 2.8–3.5.......................... D. bunagaya Tanaka & Kamitani 2021 - Anal lobe cerarius containing fewer than 10 auxiliary setae. Dorsum without multilocular pores. Body relatively broad and not parallel-sided, with ratio of maximum body length: width 1: 1.7–2.0....................... D. boninsis (Kuwana 1909) 3(1) Eyes not associated with discoidal pores................................................................... 4 - Eyes associated with discoidal pores...................................................................... 5 4(3) Dorsum with multilocular pores. Hind femora and tibiae without translucent pores. Venter of each anal lobe without narrow irregular sclerotised bar................................................................................ 6 - Dorsum without multilocular pores. Hind femora and tibiae with translucent pores. Venter of each anal lobe with narrow irregular sclerotised bar............................................................ D. wistariae (Green 1923) 5(3) Abdominal segments VII and VIII with dorsal setae longer than those elsewhere, each almost as long as an anal ring seta................................................................................. D. brevipes (Cockerell 1893) - Abdominal segments VII and VIII with dorsal setae short, each much shorter than an anal ring seta............................................................................................... D. neobrevipes (Beardsley 1959) 6(4) Cerarian setae situated on penultimate cerarii and further forward cerarii stout, long and flagellate. D. kunaw Tanaka sp. nov. - Cerarian setae situated on penultimate cerarii and further forward cerarii short and conical..... D. walkeri (Newstead 1891)Published as part of Tanaka, Hirotaka, Sasaki, Daisuke, Choi, Jinyeong, Husnik, Filip & Kamitani, Satoshi, 2022, Two new species of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from Japan, pp. 306-318 in Zootaxa 5168 (3) on pages 307-309, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5168.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/688271
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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