1,720,954 research outputs found
Investigation of the Reaction Properties of Copper Promoted Triazine Formation From Nitriles
No full textThe reaction properties of various copper species toward nitrile activation to generate triazines are being examined. This study supports the conclusion that a copper (II) species does not provide nitrile activation without the presence of a free amine base. Experimentation with Cu(acac)2 through GC-MS has shown evidence of the formation of an amadine intermediate in the pathway to triazine formation. Further studies will be aimed at determining the functional tolerance of all components of this copper promoted, triazine-forming reaction
Abnormal Tau Interactions in Neurodegenerative Disease
No full textMany neurodegenerative disease-related proteins, including Tau and TDP-43, self-assemble into diverse polymeric structures and liquid-like protein phases. These protein phases can organize functionally related proteins, nucleic acids, and biomolecules. These dynamic biomolecular phase transitions give rise to various multicomponent coexisting phases with varying material states known as biomolecular condensates. The most common form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as >20 other dementias, termed tauopathies, are pathologically defined by insoluble aggregates of the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT). Tauopathies represent a wide range of distinct neurodegenerative diseases that display altered expression, mislocalization, and tau protein aggregation as prominent neuropathological features. Although tau aggregation correlates well with AD symptomology, the specific tau species, i.e., monomers, soluble oligomers, and insoluble aggregates that induce neurotoxicity, are incompletely understood. Chapter 2 of this dissertation aims to address some of these questions and overcome the traditional challenges of modeling cellular Tau phase transitions. We develop an optogenetic system (optoTau) that allows light-selective induction of wild-type tau aggregation in cells. Specifically, we created a light-responsive tau protein (optoTAU) and used viscosity-sensitive AggFluor probes to investigate tau aggregation's consequence(s) in human neurons. Furthermore, we also provide proof-of-concept for optoTAU as a pharmacological platform to identify modifiers of tau aggregation.
RNA dysregulation has emerged as a potential mechanism mediating tau-driven neurodegeneration. In Chapter 3, we aim to expand on current knowledge regarding abnormal Tau and RNA-binding protein (RBP) interactions, specifically Tau and TDP-43. Dysfunctional RNA metabolism associated with a loss of TDP-43 function is considered central to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathogenesis. Interestingly, hallmarks of TDP-43 pathology are observed to be associated with Tau pathology in diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE). However, a potential pathologic interplay between Tau and TDP-43 and how Tau may mediate RNA dysregulation across these diseases are poorly understood. Alterations in the abundance, localization, and condensation of protein/RNA complexes, or biomolecular condensates, have been shown to modulate the activity of RBPs, including TDP-43. Therefore, we hypothesized that Tau may act as a modifier of TDP-43 localization, protein interaction networks, and function and thus explored potential cellular mechanisms linking Tau and TDP-43
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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