1,721,096 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The making and unmaking of cosmopolitan elites: hierarchy, diversity, and Indian diplomats in international society
Full text linkThis is a thesis about belonging. With the analytical sensibilities of reflexive sociology, inspired by Pierre Bourdieu, it examines how Indian diplomats have sought to navigate the hierarchies of international society, re-enacting colonial “standards of civilization” as they perform the role of confident cosmopolitans, at home in the world.
The chapters cohere around an analysis of the Indian diplomatic cleft habitus, suspended between two radically different conceptions of international society that stand in tension with one another: one, a caricature-like notion of a white, European-dominated society paralleling classic English School notions of a homogenous club; two, a postcolonial international society founded on diversity, difference, and the symbolic representation of the global subaltern. Both imageries come with their own social codes of belonging, imbibed through the cleft habitus.
The thesis argues that membership in international society involves a recurring set of behaviours and dispositions aimed at finding recognition (membership in international society is about rehearsed, continuous cultural belonging). These behaviours not only reflect imbalances of power between states, but also reveal which groups within a nation and its diplomatic service find acceptance as legitimate insiders in diplomatic circles (membership in international society is tied to domestic hierarchies). Indian diplomatic performances of belonging reproduce, contest, and legitimate a particular set of international as well as domestic hierarchies, prominent among them race, class, gender, and caste.
The chapters analyse the Indian diplomatic cleft habitus through its colonial origins (Chapter 2), demographic implications (Chapter 3), pedagogical imperatives (Chapter 4), outward projection (Chapter 5), and the double challenge posed to its performance and ideals by the emergence of a “post-Western” world and a Hindu nationalist India (Chapter 6).
This analysis builds on 85 interviews with Indian diplomats, ministers, and academics, as well as on archival research at the Nehru Memorial Library and the National Archives of India, conducted in New Delhi and Bangalore in 2019.
The thesis concludes that understanding the much-debated challenge to our so-called liberal international order requires a critical reading of the ways in which its cosmopolitan creed has reproduced many of the same social hierarchies it claims to reject. In fact, attempts at imbibing “actually existing cosmopolitanism” often stand in the way of respecting pluralism and diversity
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Change and continuity in United Stated [sic] -Colombian relations, during the war against drugs, 1970-1998
Full text linkThis thesis addresses almost three decades of U.S.-Colombian relations and asks two main questions. Why did relations remain friendly for so long given the many problems associated with drugs, and the notion that drugs and drug trafficking constituted a security problem? And what changed in 1995 so as to alter the course of friendship? It argues that U.S. and Colombian preferences over illegal drug control policy have not always been at odds, and disagreements have not precluded cooperation and joint action on drug control matters over a significant period of time. Nor can power asymmetry, a constant feature in the relationship, account for change. A successful account of both friendship and antagonism can be given only by spelling out the ideational and normative components that have contributed to define the character of the relationship and to determine the attitudes and behaviour towards each other. These components refer to the understandings of the drug problem, ideas on what constitutes mutually acceptable political and economic behaviour and their underlying norms, and the images that relevant policy-makers have of each country. This thesis also underscores the need to take stock of the cumulative process by which Colombia and the United States embraced and expanded drug prohibition
The evolution of international inequality: justice, order and north-south relations from the NIEO to the G20
Full text linkWithin the contemporary international order, deep structural inequalities coexist alongside a nominally pluralistic society of states that grants international personality to politically organised communities. Asymmetric interactions between distinct political communities have shaped the development of the international system from the colonial era to the present phase of global economic integration. Rising interdependence, problems of unequal development and the democratic mobilisation of peoples around the world have generated moral claims regarding the injustice of global inequality. In this context the international politics of inequality have taken the format of challenges by the political representatives of the global South to the dominance of the advanced industrialised North. The normative dimensions of this process can be understood through a focus on this process of political argument between unequals. Political argument is contestation over the principles appropriate to govern a sphere of social interaction. The thesis seeks to vindicate the notion that the challenges by the global South have given rise to a dynamic of political argument within a norm-governed international society. Changes in patterns of normative belief, material power and forms of political organisation have historically shaped North-South relations. Therefore, through the analysis of particular episodes of North-South argument, the thesis attempts to provide insights into the moral limits and possibilities of an evolving international society. Analysing the organised attempts to challenge inequality on the part of the representatives of the global South, the thesis seeks to advance the position the tensions generated by claims over inequality might provide the nucleus for the incorporation of egalitarian concerns into the operation of international society. Through participation in common practices of statehood, the peoples of the global South possess at least some ability to challenge structural inequalities and thus the potential to expand the moral limits of international society
Rising powers, subordinate monopolization, and major interstate war
Full text linkThis dissertation argues that the association of rising powers with major interstate war is dependent on competition over subordinates. It develops the theory of subordinate monopolization, arguing that when rising powers seek to close and monopolize subordinates, this increases the probability of conflict with other major powers. By contrast,
when rising powers pursue openness and common-pool approaches to subordinates, conflict is much less likely. This theory addresses two omissions in the field. Firstly, the failure to treat peaceful rises seriously, which problematizes the pathway between the existence of a rising power and revisionist approaches to the international order. Secondly, the absence of subordinates from accounts of major power politics, despite their value. Subordinate monopolization is compared and contrasted with three alternative approaches: the realist focus on relative power between major powers, the need for status recognition and reform of distributional and institutional structures, and locating foreign policy within a domestic political context. Through quantitative examination of rising power disputes between 1816 and 2010, and two pairs of case studies of rising power disputes in the long nineteenth century and early Cold War, robust evidence for the theory is found which is more consistent than for any of the alternatives. This leads to the conclusion that rising powers should be understood in terms of their interactions with subordinates, as well as with the major powers
Evaluating India's possession of nuclear weapons: a study of India's legitimation strategies and the international responses between 1998-2008
Full text linkThe scope of the thesis is to study India's nuclear behavior and the international responses in the period following India's nuclear weapons tests in 1998 leading up to the waiver for India by the nuclear suppliers group in 2008. The thesis explores this process of nuclear reconciliation in the context of a quest for international nuclear legitimacy. Nuclear legitimation is understood as a two-sided process and the explanation assumes two sides to the story: the Indian side and the audience side. Grounding the conceptualization within a theoretical framework of constructivism, the thesis explores the legitimation strategies employed by the Indian government to assuage international apprehensions about its possession of nuclear weapons. Additionally, the thesis analyzes how and why selected states in the international audience received and responded to India's strategies. In doing so, the thesis acknowledges but goes beyond an apparent power and interest explanation underlined by geo-political/security considerations and economic/trade interests –to include an analysis of shared norms and beliefs that constituted a basis for legitimacy judgments, circumscribed the interaction between India and other states, induced certain responses on the audience side and made possible certain claims on the Indian side. The principal argument is that normative evaluations and ideational factors served as important resources on both sides and also played an important role in determining the timing as well as the nature of nuclear reconciliation with India. By allowing a strategic employment of different arguments that appealed to the different states in the targeted audience, a legitimation process reduced the political, economic and diplomatic costs for the Indian government. Similarly, it enabled other states in the audience to support (as the P3: France, Russia and United Kingdom did), not come in the way (as the game-changers: Australia, Canada, Germany and Japan did) or not block India-specific waiver (as the white knights: Ireland, Austria, Norway, New Zealand, Sweden and Switzerland did)— and to justify their responses, cost-effectively
The grand machinery of the world: race, global order and the black Atlantic
Full text linkThis thesis examines the ways in which the interwar global order came to be theorised by African writers, and those of African descent, in specific territories bordering the Atlantic. It asks how those views can inform a richer understanding of the construction of our contemporary world. In particular, it seeks to understand the centrality of race to the imperial order and to many of the oppositional projects that emerged in relation to the order. A global order perspective can, it is argued, help to explain the salience of race to the interwar world as well as its enduring power beyond that period.
Using as its primary sources the vibrant black print cultures and circuits of the interwar period, the thesis examines the close concomitance of national and transnational thinking during the âBelle Ãpoqueâ; the global vision of Marcus Garveyâs black nationalism in the United States; the emergence of critical theorisations of colonialism across British-controlled West Africa; the languages of race and whiteness in interwar France, from the black press of Paris to the early texts of Négritude; and the role played by Haiti, Liberia, and Ethiopiaâthe only independent states of the period governed by Africans or African-descended peopleâas instantiations of the racialised nature of interwar sovereignty, targets of both imperial designs and anticolonial activism.
Interrogating the conceptual boundaries between race, nationalism, and pan-nationalism, the thesis suggests that such affinities are best understood not as abstractly-definable and opposing doctrines, but as political projects that have emerged historically in relation to global order as a whole and out of specifically enabling material conditions. As well as assessing diverse bodies of writing in terms of their contribution to international theory, the thesis explores how changes in material conditions and imperial infrastructuresâparticularly the spread of newspapersâfacilitated a range of counter-readings of dominant discourses, imaginative acts of traversal, and other practices of oppositional power, whose consequences reach far beyond the interwar period.</p
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