1,721,139 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Comparison of the i-gel with the AuraGain laryngeal mask airways in patients with a simulated cervical immobilization: a randomized controlled trial
No full textBACKGROUND: The use of second generation supraglottic airway devices is recommended for airway rescue in failed tracheal intubation. This study was performed to compare the clinical performance of the i-gel with that of the AuraGain in patients with simulated cervical immobilization. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, randomized controlled trial in 104 patients undergoing general anesthesia from June to September 2018 at the Seoul National University Hospital. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either the i-gel or the AuraGain device. A difficult airway was simulated using a cervical collar limiting the mouth opening and neck movement. The primary outcome was the initial oropharyngeal leak pressure. RESULTS: The rate of successful insertion at the first attempt was 92.3% for the i-gel and 86% for the AuraGain. There were no significant differences in the initial and 5-min oropharyngeal leak pressures between the i-gel and the AuraGain (21+/-4 vs. 22+/-5 cmH2O, P=0.229; and 22+/-5 vs. 23+/-5 cmH2O, P=0.308, respectively). The time to successful device insertion was shorter (20 [16-23] vs. 25 [20-41] s, P<0.001) and device insertion was easier (P<0.001) in the i-gel group than in the AuraGain group. The blood staining of the device was more frequently observed in the AuraGain (3 [5.8%] vs. 12 [23.5%] patients, P=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: The i-gel and the AuraGain showed comparable oropharyngeal leak pressures and success rates in the first attempt in patients with simulated cervical immobilization. However, the i-gel was easier to insert and required less time for insertion than the AuraGain
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Effects of practitioner’s experience on the clinical performance of ultrasound-guided central venous catheterization: a randomized trial
Full text linkWe investigated whether two needle insertion techniques for ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization differ in the number of needling attempts and complication rate between inexperienced and experienced practitioners. A total of 308 patients requiring IJV catheterization were randomly assigned into one of four groups: IJV catheterization performed by inexperienced practitioners using either Seldinger (IE-S; n = 78) or modified Seldinger technique (IE-MS; n = 76) or IJV catheterization performed by experienced practitioners using either Seldinger (E-S; n = 78) or modified Seldinger technique (E-MS; n = 76). All catheterizations were performed under the real-time ultrasound guidance. The number of needling attempts was not significantly different between the two techniques within each experience group (between IE-S vs. IE-MS P = 0.550, between E-S and E-MS P = 0.834). Time to successful catheterization was significantly shorter in the E-S group compared to E-MS group (P < 0.001) while no significant difference between IE-S and IE-MS groups (P = 0.226). Complication rate was not significantly different between the two techniques within each experience group. Practitioner’s experience did not significantly affect the clinical performance of needle insertion techniques during ultrasound-guided IJV catheterization except the time to successful catheterization. Regarding the number of needling attempts and complication rate, both techniques could be equally recommended regardless of practitioner’s experience. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03077802)
The cumulative duration of bispectral index less than 40 concurrent with hypotension is associated with 90-day postoperative mortality: a retrospective study
Full text linkBACKGROUND: The relationship between intraoperative low bispectral index (BIS) values and poor clinical outcomes has been controversial. Intraoperative hypotension is associated with postoperative complication. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of intraoperative low BIS values and hypotension on postoperative mortality in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed 1862 cases of general anesthesia. We collected the cumulative time of BIS values below 20 and 40 as well as electroencephalographic suppression and documented the incidences in which these states were maintained for at least 5 min. Durations of intraoperative mean arterial pressures (MAP) less than 50 mmHg were also recorded. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between suspected risk factors and postoperative mortality. RESULTS: Ninety-day mortality and 180-day mortality were 1.5 and 3.2% respectively. The cumulative time in minutes for BIS values falling below 40 coupled with MAP falling below 50 mmHg was associated with 90-day mortality (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.53; P = .019). We found no association between BIS related values and 180-day mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The cumulative duration of BIS values less than 40 concurrent with MAP less than 50 mmHg was associated with 90-day postoperative mortality, not 180-day postoperative mortality
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