2,575 research outputs found
Improved production of cellulose using Komagataeibacter xylinus by preventing transposable element insertion into bacterial cellulose synthase
No full textPsychological Distress and Influencing Factors in Newly Diagnosed Patients with Breast Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textPurpose: Cancer diagnosis is associated with psychological distress, which often leads to a significant reduction in adaptation and quality of life. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and related factors of psychological distress in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. Methods: The study included 138 women scheduled for surgery or neoadjuvant chemotherapy following a recent breast cancer diagnosis at a university hospital in Korea. Psychological distress was assessed using the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer and problem lists. Data collection occurred from November 1, 2021, to November 30, 2022. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were utilized for data analysis. Results: The average age of the participants was 51.72 years. Among the 138 participants, 67.4% (n=93) reported moderate to severe levels of psychological distress. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified financial burden (Odds Ratio [OR]=4.32), fears (OR=5.35), and nervousness (OR=5.50) as predictors of moderate to severe psychological distress. Conclusion: Approximately two-thirds of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients experienced significant psychological distress. Nervousness, fears, and financial burden were significant factors influencing this distress. Therefore, management of psychological distress should be implemented for patients experiencing financial burdens or emotional problems, such as nervousness and fear, from the time of diagnosis
On co-authorship for author disambiguation
No full textAuthor name disambiguation deals with clustering the same-name authors into different individuals. To attack the problem, many studies have employed a variety of disambiguation features such as coauthors, titles of papers/publications, topics of articles, emails/affiliations, etc. Among these, co-authorship is the most easily accessible and influential, since inter-person acquaintances represented by co-authorship could discriminate the identities of authors more clearly than other features. This study attempts to explore the net effects of co-authorship on author clustering in bibliographic data. First, to handle the shortage of explicit coauthors listed in known citations, a web-assisted technique of acquiring implicit coauthors of the target author to be disambiguated is proposed. Then, a coauthor disambiguation hypothesis that the identity of an author can be determined by his/her coauthors is examined and confirmed through a variety of author disambiguation experiments. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.X1174sciescopu
Kaposin-B enhances the PROX1 mRNA stability during lymphatic reprogramming of vascular endothelial cells by Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus.
No full textKaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common cancer among HIV-positive patients. Histogenetic origin of KS has long been elusive due to a mixed expression of both blood and lymphatic endothelial markers in KS tumor cells. However, we and others discovered that Kaposi's sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV) induces lymphatic reprogramming of blood vascular endothelial cells by upregulating PROX1, which functions as the master regulator for lymphatic endothelial differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that the KSHV latent gene kaposin-B enhances the PROX1 mRNA stability and plays an important role in KSHV-mediated PROX1 upregulation. We found that PROX1 mRNA contains a canonical AU-rich element (ARE) in its 3'-untranslated region that promotes PROX1 mRNA turnover and that kaposin-B stimulates cytoplasmic accumulation of the ARE-binding protein HuR through activation of the p38/MK2 pathway. Moreover, HuR binds to and stabilizes PROX1 mRNA through its ARE and is necessary for KSHV-mediated PROX1 mRNA stabilization. Together, our study demonstrates that kaposin-B plays a key role in PROX1 upregulation during lymphatic reprogramming of blood vascular endothelial cells by KSHV
Effects of a mobile health coaching intervention on symptom experience, self-management, and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: A quasi-experimental study
No full textBACKGROUND: Patients diagnosed with breast cancer in South Korea have a longer post-diagnosis survival period compared to those in the United States and Europe. Therefore, it is essential to establish an effective posttreatment care system to enhance their quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile health coaching intervention designed to improve symptom experience, self-management, and QOL in patients with breast cancer following the active phase of their treatment. METHODS: This study was a quasi-experimental, pre-post design conducted with breast cancer patients receiving treatment at a tertiary general hospital in Korea from July 2021 to June 2022. Participants were sequentially assigned to the control and intervention groups. Those in the intervention group participated in a 12-week mobile health coaching intervention comprising education sessions, peer support groups, and recording a health diary. The outcome variables were symptom experience, self-management, and QOL. Data were collected at baseline (T0), after the intervention (T1), and 3 months after the intervention (T2) and compared using repeated analysis of variance. RESULTS: Seventy-four participants (mean age 46.93 years) who had completed the active phase of cancer treatment were included. The intervention group showed a significant decrease in symptom experience, from 1.57 +/- 0.46 (T0) to 1.03 +/- 0.46 (T1) (P = .006), and a decrease in psychological symptoms from 1.71 +/- 0.93 (T0) to 1.66 +/- 0.69 (T2) (P = .049). Self-management scores significantly increased from 74.43 +/- 10.72 (T0) to 76.90 +/- 11.99 (T2) (P = .028). QOL improved from 95.83 +/- 18.62 (T0) to 96.40 +/- 15.35 (T2) (P = .015), and emotional well-being increased from 17.42 +/- 4.91 (T0) to 17.50 +/- 3.63 (T2) (P < .001), with all showing significant group x time interactions. CONCLUSIONS: The 12-week mobile health coaching program significantly reduced symptoms, improved self-management, and enhanced overall QOL and emotional well-being in breast cancer survivors who had completed primary treatment. These findings highlight the program's potential to support posttreatment recovery. Further research is needed to assess its long-term effects across diverse patient populations and cancer types to validate its broader effectiveness
Erratum: Clinical Feasibility of Vascular Navigation System During Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Comparison With Propensity-Score Matching
No full textClinical Feasibility of Vascular Navigation System During Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Comparison With Propensity-Score Matching
No full textPurpose: The usability of a new surgical navigation system that provides patient-specific vascular information for robotic gastrectomy in gastric cancer remains unexplored for laparoscopic gastrectomy owing to differences in surgical environments. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability and safety of this navigation system in laparoscopic gastrectomy and to compare the post-operative outcomes between procedures with and without its use. Materials and Methods: Between June 2022 and July 2023, 38 patients across 2 institutions underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy using a navigation system (navigation group). The technical feasibility, safety, and accuracy of detecting variations in vascular anatomy were measured. The perioperative outcomes were compared with 114 patients who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy without a navigation system (non-navigation group) using 1:3 propensity score matching during the same study period. Results: In all patients in the navigation group, no adverse events associated with the navigation system occurred during surgery in any patient in the navigation group. No accidental vessel injuries necessitate auxiliary procedures. All vessels encountered during the gastrectomy were successfully reconstructed and visualized. Patient demographics and operative data were comparable between the 2 groups. The navigation group exhibited a significantly lower overall complication rate (10.5%) than the non-navigation group (26.3%, P=0.043). Notably, pancreas-related complications were absent in the navigation group but occurred in eight cases in the non-navigation group (7.0%, P=0.093), although the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The patient-specific surgical navigation system demonstrated clinical feasibility and safety for laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer, potentially reducing complication rates compared with laparoscopic gastrectomy without its use
Deep learning using computed tomography to identify high-risk patients for acute small bowel obstruction: development and validation of a prediction model : a retrospective cohort study
No full textOBJECTIVE: To build a novel classifier using an optimized 3D-convolutional neural network for predicting high-grade small bowel obstruction (HGSBO). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Acute SBO is one of the most common acute abdominal diseases requiring urgent surgery. While artificial intelligence and abdominal computed tomography (CT) have been used to determine surgical treatment, differentiating normal cases, HGSBO requiring emergency surgery, and low-grade SBO (LGSBO) or paralytic ileus is difficult. METHODS: A deep learning classifier was used to predict high-risk acute SBO patients using CT images at a tertiary hospital. Images from three groups of subjects (normal, nonsurgical, and surgical) were extracted; the dataset used in the study included 578 cases from 250 normal subjects, with 209 HGSBO and 119 LGSBO patients; over 38 000 CT images were used. Data were analyzed from 1 June 2022 to 5 February 2023. The classification performance was assessed based on accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS: After fivefold cross-validation, the WideResNet classifier using dual-branch architecture with depth retention pooling achieved an accuracy of 72.6%, an area under receiver operating characteristic of 0.90, a sensitivity of 72.6%, a specificity of 86.3%, a positive predictive value of 74.1%, and a negative predictive value of 86.6% on all the test sets. CONCLUSIONS: These results show the satisfactory performance of the deep learning classifier in predicting HGSBO compared to the previous machine learning model. The novel 3D classifier with dual-branch architecture and depth retention pooling based on artificial intelligence algorithms could be a reliable screening and decision-support tool for high-risk patients with SBO
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