1,721,121 research outputs found
Pathophysiology of Hidradenitis suppurativa
No full textOnly limited data are available about the precise mechanism leading to tissue inflammation and damage in patients with hidradenits suppurativa (HS). The central pathogenetic event in HS is the occlusion of the upper parts of the hair follicle leading to a perifollicular lympho-histiocytic inflammation. In early lesions, neutrophilic abscess formation and influx of mainly macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells predominate. In chronic disease, the infiltrate expand with increased frequencies of B cells and plasma cells. In the inflammatory infiltrates toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) was highly expressed by infiltrating macrophages and dendritic cells indicating that stimulation of inflammatory cells by TLR2 activating microbial products may be important trigger factors in the chronic inflammatory process. Furthermore, the pro inflammatory cytokines IL-12 and IL-23 are abundantly expressed by macrophages infiltrating papillary and reticular dermis of HS skin. Both of these cytokines are believed to be important mediators in autoimmune tissue destruction and its blocking by biologics has been shown to be effective in the treatment of psoriasis. Especially IL-23 has been shown to be involved in the induction of a T helper cell subset producing IL-17, therefore, named Th17, which is distinct from the classical Th1/Th2 subsets. In chronic HS lesions IL-17-producing T helper cells were found to infiltrate the dermis. An overexpression of various other cytokines like IL-1beta, CYCL9 (MIG), IL-10 , IL-11 and BLC has been described in HS lesion whereas IL-20 and IL-22 have been shown to be down regulated. Similar to psoriasis also in HS the antimicrobial peptides beta defensin 2 and psoriasin are highly upregulated. This may at least in part explain the clinical finding that HS patients suffer only rarely from skin infections. Taken together the inflammatory reaction leading to HS are only poorly understood, but they show many similarity with other inflammatory reactions as e.g. in psoriasis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Ingenol Mebutate Treatment in a Patient with Gorlin Syndrome.
Get PDFBACKGROUND
Gorlin syndrome, also known as the basal cell nevus syndrome (OMIM #109400), is a rare autosomal-dominant genetic disease. The disease, which shows mutation of the patched receptor gene (PTCH1) of the sonic hedgehog pathway, is characterized by developing multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) in adolescent patients. Other clinical features include mandibular keratocysts, palmar and plantar pits, skeletal abnormalities and malformations central nervous system and genital tract. Gorlin-Goltz patients need multidisciplinary medical care and follow-up as well as genetic counseling if the patients want to have children. The treatment of multiple BCCs includes conventional surgery, micrographic Mohs surgery, cryotherapy, laser ablation, photodynamic therapy, imiquimod 5% cream, 5-fluorouracil cream as well as the sonic hedgehog pathway inhibitor vismodegib.
CASE REPORT
We report the case of a 30-year-old woman seen in our dermatological department since 2003. All the above-mentioned modalities had been employed for her numerous BCCs. The patient grew wary of the surgical procedures because of the countless scars. We successfully treated multiple BCCs with ingenol mebutate without post-inflammatory scarring. At 8-month follow-up, the patient shows no recurrence of the treated lesions.
CONCLUSION
Ingenol mebutate can be used to treat (superficial) BCCs in patients with Gorlin-Goltz syndrome as an additional modality. Close clinical follow-up is recommended
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
