1,720,966 research outputs found
A Study on Relationship between Resources and Performance for Individual Researchers
No full text行政院國家科學委員會為提供國內學術研究主要經費來源，藉由專題研究計畫補助給予研究績優者適當獎勵，為瞭解行政院國家科學委員每年所投入的研究經費對於提升我國學術研究水準的表現情形，本研究乃針對國內大學研究人才在研究資源與研究成果方面的表現進行探討。 本研究特別針對國立台灣大學中與生命科學相關等性質相近的四個學院如醫學院、公衛學院、生命科學院及生物資源暨農學院之專任教師作為研究對象，對於研究人員之研究資源與研究成果進行統計分析檢定。為確保獲得之研究資料為最新的，資料蒐集期間係以西元2007年11月至西元2008年6月之行政院國家科學委員會研究人才資料庫中所提供查詢之資料為準。本研究希望藉由敘述統計、統計圖表及變方分析(Analysis of Variance)等統計方法以暸解國立台灣大學專任教師之研究資源與研究成果的關係程度以及專任教師、特聘教授與免評估教師的表現之間是否有顯著差異。 研究結果發現自西元2003年到2007年國立臺灣大學醫學院、公衛學院、生命科學院及生農學院之研究人員在申請專題研究計畫之金額、件數及論文著述為SCI或SSCI期刊總篇數表現上的排序皆為特聘教授優於免評估教師，再者則為非特聘教授與免評估教師。除此之外，特聘教授、免評估教師及非特聘教授與免評估教師之三組研究人員在下列研究項目的變方分析檢定皆呈現顯著之差異(p-value < 0.0001)：(1)專題研究計畫的平均金額。(2)專題研究計畫平均件數。(3)論文著述為SCI或SSCI之平均篇數。(4)論文著述為該期刊排名前15%之平均篇數。(5)論文著述為該期刊排名前40%之平均篇數。 總結本研究分析，說明了國立台灣大學的特聘教授無論在研究資源與研究成果上皆優於免評估教師及非特聘教授與免評估教師。最後，希望透過本研究能有助於行政院國家科學委員與各大專院校，對於研究經費的投入以及提升我國學術研究水準的表現情形做出最適政策。鍵詞：特聘教授、免評估教師、SCI、SSCI、變方分析、卡方分析The National Science Council (NSC) is a primary government agency in Taiwan which provides research resources to faculty in the universities for academic research. To investigate whether the investment in research fund by the NCS can uplift the research level of the universities in Taiwan, we examine the relationship between the research resource and research performance in the faculty of universities in Taiwan.ur targeted population is the full-time faculty in the life sciences and related areas at the National Taiwan Universities which consist of those in College of Medicine, College of Bio-resource and Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, and College of Public Health. The data also consists of two parts. The first part is the data on research resource which is the number and amount of research grants awarded to the individual faculty by the NSC during the 5-year period between 2003 and 2007. The second part is the data on research performance which is measured by the research papers published in the Science Citation Indexed (SCI) or Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) journals between 2003 and 2007 for which the individual faculty is the first or the corresponding author. Data on both research resource and performance were collected from the NSC website during the period from November, 2007 to June 2008. In addition, the faculty at the National Taiwan University can also be classified into three groups: distinguished professor, the faculty exempt from evaluation, and regular faculty. he results indicate that there is a general positive trend between the magnitude of research resource and the research performance. In addition, statistically significant differences were observed among three types of faculty in the following indices (p<0.001): average number of NSC research grants per faculty per year, the amount of NSC research fund per faculty per year, average number of SCI papers per faculty per year; and the average number of the top 15% SCI papers per faculty per year. However, 14.94% of the faculty in life sciences or related area did not have any NSC grants between 2003 and 2007 and 19.63% of the faculty did not published any papers in SCI or SSCI journals as the first or corresponding authors during the same period. In summary, our results demonstrate that research resource is positively related to the research performance. In addition, the abundant research resource by the distinguished professor or faculty exempt from evaluation is also reflected in better research performance than the regular faculty.ey Words: Endowed faculty, Faculty exempt from evaluation, SSCI, SSCI摘 要 10bstract 121章 緒論 13.1. 背景 13.2. 研究動機、對象與目的 14.2.1 研究動機 14.2.2 研究對象 15.2.3 研究目的 15.3. 論文架構 162章 資料說明與檢定方法 17.1. 資料說明 17.1.1. 行政院國家科學委員會 26.1.2. 特聘教授 32.1.3. 免評估教師 33.1.4. 變數說明 36.2. 檢定方法 38.2.1. 敘述統計量 38.2.2. 變方分析 40.2.3. 卡方分析─獨立性檢定(Test of independence) 443章 結果 45.1. 敘述性統計量 45.1.1. 研究資源 45.1.2. 研究成果 46.1.3. 特聘教授之研究資源 47.1.4. 特聘教授之研究成果 48.1.5. 免評估教師之研究資源 49.1.6. 免評估教授之研究成果 50.1.7. 研究資源與研究成果討論 51.2. 變方分析 57.2.1. 研究資源之比較 57.2.2. 研究成果之比較 58.3. 卡方分析 59.4. 統計圖表比較 794章 研究限制 85.1. 資料收集不易，時間漫長 85.2. 推論 855章 結論 86.1. 研究資源比較 86.2. 研究成果比較 87.3. 研究資源與研究成果之關係 88 考 文 獻 89錄一、行政院國家科學委員會補助專題研究 90劃作業要點 90錄二、國立臺灣大學特聘教授設置暨特聘加給給與實施要點 102錄三、國立臺灣大學教師評估準則 106錄四、國立臺灣大學教務處教師評估辦法 111錄五、國立臺灣大學教師免評估資格審議小組設置要點 115錄六、國立臺灣大學學術研究成果獎勵辦法 11
Integrated genomic and proteomic studies on the molecular mechanisms of human melanoma chemoprevention by garlic essential oil and its bioactive compound （diallyl trisulfide）
No full text惡性黑色素瘤（malignant melanoma），由黑色素細胞癌化而成，為一種死亡率相當高的皮膚癌。由於黑色素細胞瘤的每個細胞都有成為癌症幹細胞的潛力，具有高侵襲及轉移能力，且難以手術或其他癌症療法治療，研究發現近年來西方國家及台灣的發生率都有逐年上升的情形，因此需要找尋預防方式或輔助性療法以改善黑色素瘤的發生或進展。大蒜精油具有許多種活性成分，對多種癌細胞株具有抑制活性，如：丙烯基硫化物（allyl sulfides），在丙烯基硫化物中更以二丙烯基三硫化物（diallyl trisulfide, DATS）效果最佳。然而，目前大蒜精油與丙烯基硫化物對人類皮膚癌細胞影響的相關研究卻很少見，先前本實驗室研究以不同劑量之大蒜精油和其純物質DATS餵食具有A375黑色素細胞株異種移植之裸鼠，發現高劑量大蒜精油（117.6 mg/kg bw）與DATS（66.7 mg/kg bw）能使裸鼠體內之異種移植腫瘤體積下降，因此本研究進一步利用DNA微陣列晶片及二維膠體電泳等體學研究方法，配合系統生物學軟體，了解大蒜精油及DATS抑制A375異種移植黑色素瘤之可能機制。結果指出，因大蒜精油的分析結果較不顯著，乃以純物質DATS作為主要探討對象。基因體學與蛋白質體學分析結果顯示，DATS能夠降低HMGB1蛋白、細胞激素IL-6、IL-1β及趨化素CCL2、CCL20等免疫反應相關基因及蛋白之表現量，減少腫瘤組織內發炎微環境；抑制糖解作用酵素ALDOC、TPI1、PGAM1、PKM2表現，減少癌細胞利用糖解作用獲得能量；降低泛素化系統相關酵素蛋白表現，降低抑癌相關蛋白質的降解情形；抑制hsp27及gelsolin抑制細胞凋亡之蛋白表現，促進腫瘤細胞凋亡；減少癌細胞轉移相關蛋白vimentin、annexin A4、gelsolin、Arp2/3、profilin 2，以及ECM重塑相關基因collagenI、collagen III、MMP-9表現。綜合以上所述，DATS可能透過抑制發炎相關之免疫反應、蛋白質泛素化系統、糖解作用路徑，並促進細胞凋亡，進一步抑制A375異種移植腫瘤的生長或轉移。以上結果推測大蒜精油及DATS具預防黑色素瘤之潛力，未來可作為預防或是輔助黑色素瘤治療方法。Malignant melanoma is cancerous from melanocyte which is the most deadly kind of skin cancer. Since each melanoma cell has potential to become stem cell, it with highly invasive and metastasis characteristic, and it’s hard to cure by surgery or other cancer therapy. Some studies have found that the incidence of melanoma in western countries or Taiwan has increased year by year; therefore it is important to find the ways of prevention or adjuvant therapy to improve melanoma incidence or progression. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), the most active component of garlic essential oil (GO), has been reported to provide antitumor activity in several cancer types. However, the actually related mechanism of GO and DATS on skin cancer is still unclear. Towards this, our lab has done the xenograft model of human melanoma in nude mice, which was established by injecting A375 cells. Tumor-induced mice were orally administered with GO (117.6 mg/kg bw) and DATS (66.7 mg/kg bw) respectively, and observed for the anti-skin tumor effects for nine weeks. The results revealed that tumor size was significantly reduced by GO and DATS treatment. The objective of this study is using genomics and proteomics technologies to investigate the molecular mechanisms of GO and DATS against human melanoma A375 cells in tumor xenograft models. Gene expression data from microarray and the differentially expressed proteins identified through 2D gel electrophoresis were integrated to elucidate the possible mechanisms of anti-tumor property. Since garlic oil analysis results are less significant, we turn to focus on DATS. Possible mechanisms of DATS against A375 induced xenograft tumor at genomics and proteomics levels revealed that DATS can reduce HMGB1 protein, cytokine IL-6, IL-1β, chemokines CCL2, CCL20 and other immune response genes and proteins expression, reducing inflammation within the tumor tissue microenvironment; DATS inhibiting glycolysis enzymes ALDOC, TPI1, PGAM1, PKM2 performance, reduce cancer cells use glycolysis to obtain energy; DATS decrease ubiquitin system-dependent enzyme protein expression, reducing tumor suppressor protein degradation-related situations; DATS inhibiting hsp27 and gelsolin apoptosis-inhibited proteins expression, and promote tumor cell death; DATS reduce metastasis-associated protein vimentin, annexin A4, gelsolin, Arp2/3, profilin 2, and ECM remodeling genes collagenI, collagen III, MMP-9 expression. In conclusion, DATS is related to inflammation by inhibiting the immune response, ubiquitination system, glycolysis path and promote apoptosis, further suppressed A375 xenograft tumor growth or metastasis. These results suggest that DATS has the potential to prevent melanoma, and can be used as secondary prevention or treatment of melanoma in the future. These results give evidences for the anti-skin tumor activity of GO’s active compound, DATS.誌謝
中文摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
目錄 iv
表次 vii
圖次 viii
縮寫表 x
第一章、 文獻回顧 1
第一節 惡性黑色素瘤（Malignant Melanoma） 1
一、 皮膚癌簡介 1
二、 惡性黑色素瘤 2
三、 流行病學研究 2
四、 黑色素瘤危險因子 4
五、 黑色素瘤之特性 7
六、 黑色素瘤之發展 8
七、 黑色素瘤的防治與治療 9
第二節 大蒜 13
一、 大蒜及相關產品的活性成分與功效 13
二、 大蒜精油及丙烯基硫化物抑制皮膚癌之相關研究 17
三、 大蒜精油在黑色素瘤的研究 22
四、 大蒜的負面影響及安全性研究 22
第三節 基因體學 24
一、 基因體與基因體學（genome and genomics） 24
二、 基因體學技術與研究方法 25
第四節 蛋白質體學 27
一、 蛋白質體與蛋白質體學（proteome and proteomics） 27
二、 蛋白質體學技術與研究方法 28
第二章、 材料與方法 30
第一節 實驗材料與儀器設備 30
一、 實驗材料 30
二、 實驗藥品 31
三、 儀器設備 32
四、 溶液配置 33
第二節 實驗方法 35
一、 基因體學 35
二、 蛋白質體學 36
三、 系統生物資訊軟體 39
四、 以西方墨點法印證體學研究結果 40
五、 統計分析 41
第三章、 研究假說與目的與實驗架構 42
第一節 研究假說與目的 42
第二節 實驗架構 43
第四章、 實驗結果 44
第一節 基因微陣列晶片 44
一、 處理組與負控制組基因表現量差異 44
二、 生物資訊軟體分析可能之抑癌機制 44
第二節 二維膠體電泳及蛋白質身分鑑定 46
一、 大蒜精油組 46
二、 DATS組 46
第三節 基因體學與蛋白質體學結果比對 49
第五章、 討論 50
第一節 DATS抑制糖解作用（Glycolysis） 51
第二節 DATS抑制泛素化及蛋白質降解 54
第三節 大蒜精油及DATS抑制免疫反應 56
一、 發炎反應與癌症之關聯 56
二、 HMGB1相關免疫途徑 58
第四節 細胞凋亡 60
一、 Gelsolin 60
二、 Hsp27 61
第五節 DATS抑制癌細胞之轉移能力 63
一、 ECM 重塑相關基因 63
二、 Vimentin 64
三、 Annexin A4 65
四、 肌動蛋白結合蛋白（Actin binding protein） 65
第六章、 結論與未來研究方向 67
第七章、 實驗圖表 68
第八章、 參考文獻 12
[[alternative]]The minimal value set polynomials over the finite fields
No full text[[abstract]]In this paper, we shall provide a series of survey on the characterization of minimal value set polynomials,and find out the minimal value set polynomials of degree 2 and degree 3 over the finite fields. Finally, this paper also discusses the number of the value set.
探討特徵數為2之三次型的 Hilbert-Kunz函數
No full text[[abstract]]在數學的領域中，屬於代數的這部分給人一種他就是要計算一些簡單或是複雜的式子。
好比說去計算一個集合中所含元素的個數；或是我們給出一個複雜多樣的集合後，有沒有辦法把他一步一步地分解
，轉換成我們所熟悉的基本結構，像群，環，體之類的推廣。而計算維度或是長度的話，
是可以幫助我們去瞭解彼此之間的關係是怎樣的形式。也就是說；我們能不能利用基本結構來描述任意給出
的集合呢？近幾十年來，一直都有人在研究相關的課題。而 Paul Monsky從1963年開始，也陸續在一些有名的
雜誌，如 Mathematische Annalen，
Mathematische Zeitschrift，... 等，發表一些他在數論上的工作(像 Class numbers，
Class groups 的探討)。
這幾年他開始去計算一些特殊環的 Hilbert-Kunz functions，主要是以數論的手法作為工具。例如他在計算特徵數為的三次型的 Hilbert-Kunz functions，用到了 elliptic curves,-invariants。
因此我選擇這個主題作為我的論文主題。本篇論文共分為三章，本章做簡單的介紹，第二章所有需要的符，
定義和基本性質，而本篇最重要的定理我把它擺在第三章，最後的部分我將所需要的參考資料詳細地列出來。
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
