1,720,961 research outputs found
Douleur neuropathique et dépression : les modifications moléculaires dans le cortex cingulaire antérieur
No full textMood disorders are frequently comorbid with chronic pain and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) appears to be an important region in this relationship. We aimed to investigate the molecular basis of this comorbidity, at both the whole structure and the cell type specific level. A genomic analysis of the ACC in a mouse model displaying chronic pain-induced anxiodepressive consequences evidenced an overexpression of the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Phosphatase 1 (MKP-1). An upregulated ACC MKP-1 was also observed in other models of depression, while decreasing its expression attenuates depressive-like behaviors, showing that MKP-1 is a key factor in the pathophysiology of depression. This was further validated by showing that acute ketamine administration normalizes the disrupted MAPK pathway, alongside producing a transient analgesic and a prolonged antidepressant effect. Finally, to address the role of different cell populations in this comorbidity, we have isolated GABAergic neurons from animals showing depressive- like behaviors, which will be used for genomic analysis in order to reveal important cell-type specific candidate genes.Les troubles d’humeur sont fréquemment associées à une douleur chronique et le cortex cingulaire antérieur (CCA) est une région importante dans cette relation. Notre objectif est d'étudier les bases moléculaires de cette comorbidité, tant au niveau de la globalité du CCA (tissus entier) que dans les différents types cellulaires. Dans un modèle murin de douleur chronique présentant des conséquences anxiodépressives et dans plusieurs modèles de dépression, nous avons mis en évidence une surexpression du régulateur négatif de la voie de la protéine kinase activée par des agents mitogènes (MAPK), la MAPK Phosphatase-1 (MKP-1). La diminution de son expression dans le CCA atténue les comportements de type dépressif, ce qui montre que MKP-1 est un facteur clé de la physiopathologie de la dépression. Nous avons également démontré que l'administration aiguë du kétamine normalise la voie MAPK perturbée, tout en produisant un effet analgésique transitoire et un effet antidépresseur prolongé. Enfin, pour étudier la contribution individuelle de différentes populations de cellules dans le développement de la dépression, nous avons isolé les neurones GABAergiques du CCA pour étudier leur expression génomique afin d’établir une liste de gènes candidats plus spécifiques
Neuropathic pain and depression : molecular alterations in the anterior cingulate cortex
No full textLes troubles d’humeur sont fréquemment associées à une douleur chronique et le cortex cingulaire antérieur (CCA) est une région importante dans cette relation. Notre objectif est d'étudier les bases moléculaires de cette comorbidité, tant au niveau de la globalité du CCA (tissus entier) que dans les différents types cellulaires. Dans un modèle murin de douleur chronique présentant des conséquences anxiodépressives et dans plusieurs modèles de dépression, nous avons mis en évidence une surexpression du régulateur négatif de la voie de la protéine kinase activée par des agents mitogènes (MAPK), la MAPK Phosphatase-1 (MKP-1). La diminution de son expression dans le CCA atténue les comportements de type dépressif, ce qui montre que MKP-1 est un facteur clé de la physiopathologie de la dépression. Nous avons également démontré que l'administration aiguë du kétamine normalise la voie MAPK perturbée, tout en produisant un effet analgésique transitoire et un effet antidépresseur prolongé. Enfin, pour étudier la contribution individuelle de différentes populations de cellules dans le développement de la dépression, nous avons isolé les neurones GABAergiques du CCA pour étudier leur expression génomique afin d’établir une liste de gènes candidats plus spécifiques.Mood disorders are frequently comorbid with chronic pain and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) appears to be an important region in this relationship. We aimed to investigate the molecular basis of this comorbidity, at both the whole structure and the cell type specific level. A genomic analysis of the ACC in a mouse model displaying chronic pain-induced anxiodepressive consequences evidenced an overexpression of the Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Phosphatase 1 (MKP-1). An upregulated ACC MKP-1 was also observed in other models of depression, while decreasing its expression attenuates depressive-like behaviors, showing that MKP-1 is a key factor in the pathophysiology of depression. This was further validated by showing that acute ketamine administration normalizes the disrupted MAPK pathway, alongside producing a transient analgesic and a prolonged antidepressant effect. Finally, to address the role of different cell populations in this comorbidity, we have isolated GABAergic neurons from animals showing depressive- like behaviors, which will be used for genomic analysis in order to reveal important cell-type specific candidate genes
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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