267 research outputs found
Ayad Akhtar: A Conversation
No full textOn October 25, Pakistani-born artist and RISD alumna Shahzia Sikander, the Painting Department\u27s 2016 Kirloskar Fellow, organized a lecture and conversation with playwright and author–and her frequent collaborator–Ayad Akhtar, at the RISD Metcalf Auditorium.https://digitalcommons.risd.edu/painting_kirloskarvisitingscholarlectures/1000/thumbnail.jp
Akhtar Raza Saleemi as a Poet
Get PDF Akhtar Raza Saleemi was brought into the world on 16 June 1974, at Kekot Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. He accepted his primer schooling in his own town and learnt Urdu, Persian and so on at an early age. Later he moved to Karachi for where he rehashed his registration and Intermediate. He moved to Islamabad for higher examinations and finished his graduation from the renowned Allama Iqbal College. Akhtar was basically a writer of the ghazal custom anyway he confined himself from being a generalization and examination his abilities in other sort of writing like nazam, fiction, novel and so forth. His verse assortments \u27Khawab Daan\u27 has been applauded by the pundits. Akhtar Raza saleemi is a perceived writer of both ghazal and nazm. He has distributed a few verse books and has been valued for his work by pundits. He remained in the class of verse till 2008 and afterward began exploring different avenues regarding the style of novel composition. His verse being viewed as a particular mix of dream and reality. As well as getting Joined Bank\u27s Best Fiction Author grant, he has two times won the Abasin Expressions Chamber Grant. Craftsman Wasi Haider made a thousand and one compositions for the front of his Saleemi\u27s clever Wake Up in a Fantasy, so the front of each duplicate of the primary version of this novel was unique
Apparent bias: the inclusion of police officers on the jury and Article 6.1 of the Human Rights Act
Get PDFIn this article Zia Akhtar (Barrister, Grays Inn) looks at the jury trial and the inclusion of members of the police force that may lead to a breach of Article 6 of the Human Rights Act 1998. The author explains tests for determination of bias, the role of judicial discretion and the consideration of conflicts of interest
Concerning Begum Akhtar: ''Queen of Ghazal''
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Reason: ETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionThis thesis focusses on the life and work of one of India's most famous female singers, Begum Akhtar (1914-1974). On the one hand, it provides a brief biography and a summary of her musical accomplishments; particular attention is paid to her contributions to the genre for which she was most renowned, a musical-poetic form known as the underbar ghazal. Further to this, however, the thesis examines the manner in which the establishment of and alterations in gender roles and hierarchies, in coordination with other power relationships-- particularly those involving class and patronage shifts, moral issues, ethnic/religious concerns, and nationalist versus colonialist ideologies--affected her life and work, as well as attitudes regarding the woman and her art.Akhtar lived through a period of rapid and structural change in Indian society. Her life overlapped the transitional period in India from the pre-independence era of anti-colonial struggle to the early years of independence. Like other professional women of her class she was, coincidentally, a product of these changing times, an agent of transformation, and one of the victims. Throughout the latter part of her life Begum Akhtar bore the anguish of being caught between two moral standards, one consistent with her early role as a bai (courtesan singer) under nawabi feudal patronage, and the other with her later status as a begam in democratic India. Her dilemma, while personal, was at the same time that of a nation which, under the burden of colonial influence--in the quest for a new image and a socio-cultural, political, economic and moral restructuring--was attempting the excision of a crucial component of its own artistic self."This work presents both the dominant discourse and an alternate reading regarding a transitional period in the history of modern India, and the role that women (and particularly ""professional"" women) played within that; and it does so through a focus on the life and art of one of the leading female musical figures of the era."Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:22:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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X-efficiency Analysis of Commercial Banks in Pakistan: A Preliminary Investigation
Get PDFThe emergence of a fast-paced dynamic environment in the business world in general, and in the financial services sector in particular, has highlighted the significance of competition and efficiency. The need for deregulation has become a touchstone of success in fostering both competition and efficiency especially in the economies, which are exposed to structural reforms. In addition to that, intense competition both among domestic and foreign banks, rapid speed of innovations and introduction of new financial instruments, changing consumer’s demands and desire for product augmentation have changed the way a bank conducts business and services its customers. Larger the degree of competition, it is perceived that the firms would become more efficient. However, when the structure of an industry is product of the government regulations, the degree of competition is impaired markedly implying that the efficiency suffers negatively. Banking industry acts as life-blood of modern trade and commerce acting as a bridge to provide a major source of financial intermediation. Thus, appraisal of its efficiency is vital in context of an efficient and competitive financial system. Study of x-efficiency is believed to be important in particular as Berger, et al. (1993) found that x-inefficiencies account for around 20 percent or more of banking costs. Similarly, recent drive among banks towards downsizing, rightsizing and rationalisation of banking costs also implicates for the assessment of x-efficiency analysis of banks. It becomes vital in Pakistani context as there appears to be no study in literature on efficiency or x-efficiency analysis of banks in Pakistan. “A great deal more work is needed on x-efficiency research in banking. Managerial efficiency, the concept of x-efficiency, appears to be a much more important strategic and policy consideration” [Molyneux, et al. (1960), p. 273]. Given
Changing Demographic, Social, and Economic Conditions in Karachi City, 1959–94: A Preliminary Analysis
Get PDFKingsley Davis (1961) had argued that the reason that the ancient cities failed to survive was that they were too deadly. He suggested that “three of their (cities) main traits....the crowding of many people in little space, their dependence on widespread contacts (due to in-migration), and their wealth...laid them open to contagious diseases, environmental contamination, occasional starvation and warfare”. Even in the medieval age, some European cities provide examples of such problems; but especially so following the Industrial Revolution. Do the events of the 1980s and the 1990s in Karachi suggest that the city may be heading in the same direction. Recently, The Times London in a lead article in November 1994, labelled Karachi as a “City of Riches and Shattered Dreams”. It further said that Karachi had grown into a megalopolis where life moved fast and street violence had become a norm. Indeed, more than 65 percent of Pakistan’s industries and 80 percent of its finance, banking, and business are concentrated in the city and people come to it from all over the country to find jobs and fulfil their dreams [Husain (1994)]. During the past decade, street violence in the form of ethnic clashes has become a sort of regular event in Karachi. At times, these clashes have been more frequent and even bloodier than the ones before. According to the local newspaper accounts, between 1985 and 1988 (in four years), about 400 people died in Karachi due to violence, which has increased substantially over time. Thus, while the number of violent deaths remained between 350–500 during 1991–93, in 1994 alone the number exceeded 1,100, and during the first three months of 1995, over 300 persons have died due to violence.
Metadiscursive Role of Author(s)’s Exclusive Pronouns in Pakistani Research Discourses
No full textExploiting author(s)’s exclusivity in academic and research discourses has been manifested with various viewpoints within the broader spectrum of formality versus informality, subjectivity versus objectivity, and self-display versus self-effacement. The interpersonal role of self-mentioning from metadiscursive perspective of text and reader orientedness has been neglected in this whole debate. The current study explores these metadiscursive functions of author(s)’s exclusive pronouns in 104 research articles published in Pakistani research journals from hard and soft fields in order to establish their metadiscursive role in research discourses especially. This role, furthermore, determines the extent of association/affinity of these pronouns with Hyland’s (2005) interactive and interactional categories of metadiscourse. There were 308 metadiscursive author(s)’s exclusive pronouns found performing 464 interpersonal functions of metadiscourse revealing multifunctional nature of these pronouns. Firstly, interactive affinity of author(s)’s exclusivity was found more than interactional association with frequency of 291 and 173 respectively. Secondly, among interactive roles, framing discourse (Frame Markers i.e., FM) through these pronouns is the most visible schematic pattern with the value of 48%. On the other hand, thirdly, Boosters i.e., BST, among interactional metadiscourse, in associative behavior with author(s)’s exclusive pronouns occur with highest rate i.e., 55%. Finally, author(s)’s exclusive pronouns were observed to be showing bi-covalent and tri-covalent metadiscursive bond suggesting multifunctional interpersonal role of author(s)’s exclusivity. In the light of these findings, we suggest an Associative Interpersonal Model of Author(s)’s Exclusivity (AIMAE) which is promising in exploring author(s)’s affinity with certain cognitive patterns of metadiscursive interaction.</jats:p
Analysis of the nail board experiment to measure the liquid slag depth in steel continuous casting
Get PDFThe nail board test is an inexpensive technique used to measure the molten steel surface velocity and profile of the molten steel surface in the continuous casting of steel. Aluminum wires are often added to measure the liquid slag layer depth as well.
This work investigates the accuracy of the nail board test used for measurement of the liquid slag layer depth. In addition, a new methodology for measuring the liquid slag layer depth is proposed, using just the steel nails themselves without a second wire. This technique is based correlating the temperature associated with the oxide colors observed during tempering on the steel nail with their location along the nail. For this investigation, a transient thermo-fluid model of the nail and wire dipping process has been developed using ANSYS Fluent. In addition, the solidification of the molten steel on the nail is studied through analytical solutions and a computational model developed in ANSYS Fluent. The models are validated for many different trials using experimental data from nail and wire dipping tests in a typical caster. The model is then run for steel, aluminum and copper nails and wires taking the melting behavior into account and the expected difference between the measured and actual liquid slag layer thickness is evaluated.
A parametric study to understand the effect of slag consumption, casting conditions and slag properties is also conducted to improve the proposed methodology for different process conditions. For a nail dipping time of 3 s, a reasonable estimate of the liquid slag layer depth is given by taking a fraction (~ 50 %) of the measured distance from the steel lump to the blue-purple color transition line (Liquid slag depth relative to the distance to the blue-purple line ratio). Increasing the dipping time increases the nail temperature and the distance to the transition, so the fraction of distance for the measurement decreases to ~40 % after 5s of dipping. Burning of carbon in the mold powder leads to a higher powder-slag temperature and a deeper liquid slag layer. Changing slag consumption has little effect, but changing the slag composition to increase the softening temperature causes less melting, a thinner liquid slag layer, and a larger fraction (~60%) of distance for the new measurement method. The aluminum wire method for liquid slag depth prediction is less reliable due to the variability of thermal properties in the melted region associated with flow of molten slag dissipating the molten metal. The copper wire method greatly under-predicts the liquid slag depth due to its high melting temperature.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2018-08-01The student, Adnan Akhtar, accepted the attached license on 2016-07-20 at 13:50.The student, Adnan Akhtar, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2016-07-20 at 14:25.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2016-07-20 at 17:03.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10037 on 2016-11-10 at 12:27:33Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-10T18:35:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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ChatGPT and Death of an Author
Get PDFThe proposed piece seeks to critically explore pedagogical implication of ChatGPT, especially on students’ capacities to author a text. The piece suggests that increased reliance on the ChatGPT, while provide short term solution to produce a text, in the long term it is likely to lead to ‘death of an author’. Here the usage of the phrase is a twist to earlier usage by Barthes- which refers to ‘death of an author’ where once the text is written, it gets re-created in readers’ reception and through interpretive act and imagination. The overarching argument of the paper emphasizes that technology is not neutral, especially in a context where its opacity has risen concerns about surveillance, control, and manipulation of human behavior, and therefore its infiltration in education begs critical questioning and sensitive e-value-ation. The discussion argues that rise of AI in education should be checked and not embraced uncritically, but rather it should be critically scrutinized, debated, and scaffolded through critical theoretical, pedagogical, and ethical references to counter its hegemonic and de-humanization of learning. For empirical part, the analysis draws upon reflections generated through a focus group discussion with four undergraduate students enrolled in a Bachelors degree in Computer Science who employed use of ChatGPT in preparing their speeches in context of a humanities course. The students found ChatGPT useful in terms of composing a text/speech and saving time and efforts. However, they realized that its use caused them loss of authentic learning, imagination and suppressed self’s voice. Based on the analysis, the piece shares further insights into pedagogic implications, and suggest a pedagogical scaffolding using critical pedagogical references of relationship between technology and human/learners’ values, distinction between information, knowledge, and wisdom, application and experiential learning references, and praxis in learning
The portrayal of Muhammad in Thomas Carlyle's The Hero as Prophet and Akhtar Rizvi's The Life of Muhammad
Get PDFThis research focused on the portrayal of Muhammad as the world figure who described through two different authors’ viewpoints. Carlyle, a non-Muslim author, interpreted Muhammad based on the Christian point of view while Rizvi, a Muslim author, described Muhammad based on Muslim history. In conducting this study, Comparative Analysis by Steven Totosy de Zepetnek, Rene Wellek and Austin Warren used as a theory to find similarity and different aspects in two or more literary works. This research is formulated into three issues: 1) How is Muhammad portrayed in The Hero as Prophet by Thomas Carlyle? 2) How is Muhammad portrayed by The Life of Muhammad by Akhtar Rizvi? 3) What are the similarity and different aspects of Muhammad in The Hero as Prophet by Thomas Carlyle and The Life of Muhammad by Akhtar Rizvi? This research used qualitative research to make a subjective assessment through collecting data, analysis, interpretation and report writing. The result of this research is the similarity and different aspect in conveying the figure of Muhammad. The similarities consist of Muhammad’s family background, the story of marriage, mission and setting of place and time in the Muhammad’s story. Carlyle and Rizvi accepted Muhammad as the one who has influenced in spreading the divine concept for human being. However, both of them have different views in accepting Muhammad as the messenger of God. Carlyle did not believe in Muhammad as a prophet and regarded him as a hero in his age. While Rizvi believed Muhammad is a prophet, the bearer of truth. The other differences are also found in the style of writing. Carlyle used essay to elaborate his opinions, in his work, the researcher also found the usage of figurative language such as paradox and sarcasm. In other sides, Rizvi used historical biography that clearly explained Muhammad from his birth to death. The last is the analysis of point of view to know authors’ motif.
ABSTRAK
Fokus penelitian ini adalah penggambaran Muhammad sebagai tokoh dunia yang diceritakan melalui dua sudut pandang penulis. Carlyle, seorang penulis non-Muslim, menginterpretasikan Muhammad berdasarkan sudut pandang orang Kristen. Sedangkan Rizvi, seorang penulis Muslim, menceritakan Muhammad berdasarkan sejarah yang dibuat orang Islam. Dalam melakukan penelitian ini, Comparative Analysis dari Steven Totosy de Zepetnek ,Rene Wellek dan Austin Warren digunakan sebagai teori untuk menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan dalam dua karya sastra atau lebih. Penelitian ini dirumuskan kedalam tiga persoalan, yaitu: 1) Bagaimana Muhammad digambarkan dalam The Hero as Prophet karya Thomas Carlyle? 2) Bagaimana Muhammad digambarkan dalam The Life of Muhammad karya Akhtar Rizvi? dan 3) Apa saja persamaan dan perbedaan dalam kedua karya tersebut? Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif untuk mendapatkan penilaian subjektif melalui pengumpulan data, analisis, interpretasi dan laporan penulisan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah persamaan dan perbedaan dalam menyampaikan sosok Muhammad. Persamaannya terdiri dari latar belakang keluarga Muhammad, kisah pernikahan, misi, dan latar tempat dan waktu dalam sejarah Muhammad. Carlyle dan Rizvi menerima Muhammad sebagai orang yang memiliki pengaruh dalam menyebarkan konsep Tuhan kepada manusia. Bagaimanapun juga, keduanya memiliki pandangan berbeda dalam menerima Muhammad sebagai utusan Tuhan. Carlyle tidak meyakini Muhammad sebagai nabi dan menganggap Muhammad sebagai hero dalam masanya. Sedangkan Rizvi meyakini bahwa Muhammad adalah nabi, pembawa kebenaran. Perbedaan yang lain terdapat pada gaya penulisan. Carlyle menggunakan esai sebagai cara untuk menguraikan pendapatnya. Dalam karyanya tersebut, peneliti menemukan penggunaan bahasa kiasan seperti paradox dan sarcasm. Di sisi lain, Rizvi menggunakan biografi sejarah yang secara terperinci meriwayatkan kisah Muhammad mulai dari kelahiran sampai kematiannya. Serta penggunaan sudut pandang untuk mengetahui motif penulis
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