127 research outputs found
Dictionary of Lesser Used Slovenian Words
No full textDictionary of Lesser Used Slovenian Words contains 178457 headwords not included in the Dictionary of the Slovenian Standard Language. Information on inflection, part of speech and source is included in the entries.
This dictionary was published as a printed book:
Bokal, Ljudmila, Hajnšek-Holz, Milena, Humar, Marjeta, Jakopin, Franc, Praznik, Zvonka. Besedišče slovenskega jezika : po kartoteki za slovar sodobnega knjižnega jezika zbrane besede, ki niso bile sprejete v Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika. 1: A-N, 2: O-Ž. Ljubljana: ZRC SAZU, 1987. Internal edition.
Šircelj-Žnidaršič, Ivanka, Hajnšek-Holz, Milena, Kostanjevec, Polona, Žele, Andreja, Humar, Marjeta, Nartnik, Vlado, Keber, Janez, Košmrlj-Levačič, Borislava, Jakopin, Primož. Besedišče slovenskega jezika z oblikoslovnimi podatki : A - Ž : po gradivu za slovar sodobnega knjižnega jezika zbrane besede, ki niso bile sprejete v Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika. Ljubljana: ZRC SAZU, Založba ZRC SAZU, 1998. ISBN 961-6182-62-5
Antonymy in Standard Slovenian on the Example of Terminological Dictionaries
No full textProtipomenskost kot jezikovni pojav temelji na specifičnem načinu človekovega dojemanja sveta, ki ga sestavljajo nasprotja, kar ugotavlja psihologija, princip nasprotja je značilen za različne filozofske smeri, je prvina logike, pomemben element govorništva in literarnega izražanja.
Osnovni element protipomenskosti v jeziku je protipomenka ali antonim. Najpreprostejša definicija protipomenke je beseda ali besedna zveza z nasprotnim pomenom. Protipomenskost se tako nanaša na razmerje med besedami. S protipomenskostjo se ukvarja pomenoslovje, ki temu razmerju v splošnem jeziku posveča več pozornosti zlasti od 60. let 20. stoletja naprej, zlasti ruski (Apresjan, Novikov, Kobozeva), češki (Filipec), slovaški (Mistrík, Dolník), francoski (Guilbert), angleški (Lyons), bolgarski (Gočev) in drugi jezikoslovci. Na področju Jugoslavije so se s protipomenskostjo največ ukvarjali Srbi (Gortan - Premk, Dragičević) in Hrvatje (Šarić, Mihaljević, Hudeček). V slovenskih slovnicah so protipomenke prvič omenjene v Toporišičevi slovnici (1998), natančneje pa so prikazane v delih Marije Golden in Ade Vidovič Muha. Bistvene razlike v pojmovanju protipomenskosti se kažejo v delitvi protipomenk. Najbolj sporna je t. i. konverzivnost ali konverznost, ki je nekateri ne štejejo k protipomenskosti (zlasti tisti, ki izhajajo iz Lyonsa), pač pa k opozicijam.
Od 80. let naprej nastajajo študije, ki obravnavajo posamezne elemente protipomenskosti: binarnost, besedotvorne značilnosti protipomenk (Stramljič Breznik), srednji člen, pomenska polja, značilna za protipomenke.
Slovaropisna teorija, kot je pokazal pregled, priporoča navajanje protipomenk v splošnih slovarjih. Terminološki slovaropisni priročniki na protipomenskost redkeje opozarjajo. Poudarjajo pa, da se protipomensko razmerje zmeraj vzpostavlja med protipomenkama na istem strokovnem področju in da je protipomenke treba navajati parno. S terminološko protipomenskostjo so se največ ukvarjali Hrvatje (Mihaljević, Hudeček), ki ugotavljajo nekatere slabosti navajanja protipomenk v terminoloških slovarjih, zlasti neustrezno različno strukturiranost definicij. Zelo pomemben je njihov delež pri določitvi vrst terminoloških protipomenk (Mihaljević, Šarić). Te delijo na kvalitativne, vektorske, komplementarne, koordinacijske in konverzivne. Bistvena razlika med protipomenkami v splošnem jeziku in tistimi v terminologiji je, da ni t. i. gradacijskih ali stopnjevalnih/stopnjevitostnih, saj je pomen terminov natančno določen.
Pri analizi protipomenk v slovenskih terminoloških slovarjih so se pokazala nekatera dejstva, na katera jezikoslovje do sedaj ni opozarjalo. Nosilci protipomenskosti so t. i. RPS (razlikovalne pomenske sestavine), teh pa je v definiciji lahko več, tako se lahko v okviru ene razlage vzpostavi več enakih ali različnih protipomenskih razmerij. Dosedanje delitve terminoloških protipomenk na vrste so se glede na gradivo slovenskih terminoloških slovarjev izkazale kot manj ustrezne, zato uvajam naslednje vrste: absolutne, nasprotnolastnostne,
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nasprotnodejanjske, nasprotnoprocesne, nasprotnosmerne, nasprotnopoložajne, nasprotnočasne, nasprotnoosebne in količinske protipomenke.
Prikazovanje protipomenk v slovenskih slovarjih ima dolgotrajno tradicijo, saj se začne že v t. i. neknjižnih slovarjih v jezikoslovnih delih slovenskih protestantov in nadaljuje s Cigaletovo Znanstveno terminologijo s posebnim ozirom na srednja učilišča (1880), kjer so protipomenke prvič označene, in sicer kot opp. Ta oznaka kaže na povezanost Cigaletovega slovarja s češkim slovarjem Německo-český Slovník védeckého názvosloví pro gymnasia a reálne školy (1853) in s Šulekovo Terminologijo (1874). Tako oznako je uporabil tudi Pleteršnik v Slovensko-nemškem slovarju (1894). V vseh treh slovarjih je izkazanih razmeroma malo protipomenk. Največji problem je neparno prikazovanje.
S Slovarjem slovenskega knjižnega jezika se uveljavi oznaka ant. (antonim), ki jo ob protipomenka in nasprotje, najpogosteje uporabljajo novAntonymy as a language phenomenon is based on a specific manner of how one sees the worldas established by psychology the world consists of opposites, and the principle of the opposite is characteristic of various philosophical currents as a feature of logic and is also an important part of rhetoric and literary expression.
The basic element of antonymy is the antonym. The simplest definition of an antonym is ‘a word or a phrase expressing the opposite meaning’. Antonymy relates to the relation between words and falls under the field of semantics, which began studying this phenomenon in more detail in the 1960s. Most prominent work in this regard was done by the linguists from Russia (Apresyan, Novikov, Kobozeva), the Czech Republic (Filipec), Slovakia (Mistrík, Dolník), France (Guilbert), England (Lyons), Bulgaria (Gočev) and other countries. On the territory of ex-Yugoslavia this field was most researched by the Serbs (Gortan-Premk, Dragičević) and the Croatians (Šarić, Mihaljević, Hudeček). In Slovenian grammar books the first mention of antonymy dates back to Toporišič’s grammar book from 1998. This field is presented in more detail in the works of Marija Golden and Ada Vidovič Muha.
Fundamental differences expressed in the way antonyms are divided exist in the very notion of antonymy. The most controversial is the so-called ‘conversiveness’, which some do not consider as forming part of antonymy (particularly those who follow Lyons), but rank it among oppositions. Since the 1980s there have been studies dealing with individual elements of antonymy such as binarity, word-formational characteristics of antonyms (Stramljič Breznik), the midle article and the semantic fields characteristic of antonyms.
The lexicographic theory, as shown by this review, holds that antonyms should be listed in general dictionaries. Antonymy is more rarely stressed in terminological lexicographic manuals, though they do stress that the antonymic relation is always established between two antonyms in the same professional field and that antonyms should be listed in pairs. The terminological antonymy was primarily researched by the Croatians (Mihaljević, Hudeček), who have established certain weaknesses in listing antonyms in terminological dictionaries, referring particularly to the improperly and ununiformly structured definitions. They made an invaluable contribution to establishing the types of terminological antonyms (Mihaljević, Šarić), ranking them into qualitative, vector, complimentary, coordinative and conversive.
1 Povzetek je prevedel Matija Pavlič, prof.
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The essential difference between the antonyms in general language and those in terminology is that there are no gradation or comparative antonyms since the meaning of terms is precisely defined.
The analysis of antonyms in Slovenian terminological dictionaries revealed certain facets that have up to now not been in the focus of linguistic theory. The agents of antonymy are the so-called ‘differential semantic components’, which according to definition can be many, signifying that in the framework of one explanation several identical or various antonymic relations may be established. The work done so far on dividing terminological antonyms into various types has, based on Slovenian terminological dictionaries, proved inadequate. It is for this reason that I would like to introduce the following distinction among various types of antonyms: absolute, contrary-characteristic, contrary-acting, contrary-processing, contrary-directional, contrary-positional, contrary-temporal, contrary-personal and quantitive.
The presentation of antonyms in Slovenian dictionaries goes a long way back, starting already in the so-called non-standard dictionaries pertaining to the language works of Slovenian Protestants and continuing with Cigale’s Znanstvena terminologija s posebnim ozirom na srednja učilišča (Scientific Terminology with Special Focus on Secondary Schools, 1880), where antonyms were marked for the first time in the form of notes, th
Planinski terminološki slovar. Slovensko-angleško-nemško-francosko-italijanski slovar planinskega, alpinističnega, plezalskega izrazja
No full textPlaninski terminološki slovar je petjezični razlagalni in slovar. Vsebuje 3615 poimenovanj, ki jih uporabljajo planinci, alpinisti, plezalci, odpravarji, gorski reševalci in gorski vodniki. V manjšem obsegu je prikazano tudi strokovno pogovorno in nižje strokovno pogovorno izrazje, gorsko rastlinje in živalstvo pa nista upoštevana. Iztočnice so pomensko in jezikovno opisane, ovrednotene glede na jezikovnokulturno vrednost in pogostost rabe. Angleški, nemški, francoski in italijanski ustrezniki slovenskih poimenovanj omogočajo mednarodno komunikacijo.
A Dictionary of Mountaineering Terminology is a normative explanatory dictionary in five languages. It contains 3615 terms used by mountaineers, alpinists, expedition members, mountain rescuers and mountain guides. English, German, French and Italian equivalents of the Slovenian terms enable international communication. The dictionary was compiled by a committee of experts from various generations and branches of science (A. Mlač, S. Klinar, B. Leskošek, B. Pollak, F. Savenc, P. Šegula, A. Vengust, S. B. Zupet), headed by the specialist lexicologist M. Humar
Planinski terminološki slovar. Slovensko-angleško-nemško-francosko-italijanski slovar planinskega, alpinističnega, plezalskega izrazja
No full textPlaninski terminološki slovar je petjezični razlagalni in slovar. Vsebuje 3615 poimenovanj, ki jih uporabljajo planinci, alpinisti, plezalci, odpravarji, gorski reševalci in gorski vodniki. V manjšem obsegu je prikazano tudi strokovno pogovorno in nižje strokovno pogovorno izrazje, gorsko rastlinje in živalstvo pa nista upoštevana. Iztočnice so pomensko in jezikovno opisane, ovrednotene glede na jezikovnokulturno vrednost in pogostost rabe. Angleški, nemški, francoski in italijanski ustrezniki slovenskih poimenovanj omogočajo mednarodno komunikacijo.
A Dictionary of Mountaineering Terminology is a normative explanatory dictionary in five languages. It contains 3615 terms used by mountaineers, alpinists, expedition members, mountain rescuers and mountain guides. English, German, French and Italian equivalents of the Slovenian terms enable international communication. The dictionary was compiled by a committee of experts from various generations and branches of science (A. Mlač, S. Klinar, B. Leskošek, B. Pollak, F. Savenc, P. Šegula, A. Vengust, S. B. Zupet), headed by the specialist lexicologist M. Humar
Planinski terminološki slovar. Slovensko-angleško-nemško-francosko-italijanski slovar planinskega, alpinističnega, plezalskega izrazja
No full textPlaninski terminološki slovar je petjezični razlagalni in slovar. Vsebuje 3615 poimenovanj, ki jih uporabljajo planinci, alpinisti, plezalci, odpravarji, gorski reševalci in gorski vodniki. V manjšem obsegu je prikazano tudi strokovno pogovorno in nižje strokovno pogovorno izrazje, gorsko rastlinje in živalstvo pa nista upoštevana. Iztočnice so pomensko in jezikovno opisane, ovrednotene glede na jezikovnokulturno vrednost in pogostost rabe. Angleški, nemški, francoski in italijanski ustrezniki slovenskih poimenovanj omogočajo mednarodno komunikacijo.
A Dictionary of Mountaineering Terminology is a normative explanatory dictionary in five languages. It contains 3615 terms used by mountaineers, alpinists, expedition members, mountain rescuers and mountain guides. English, German, French and Italian equivalents of the Slovenian terms enable international communication. The dictionary was compiled by a committee of experts from various generations and branches of science (A. Mlač, S. Klinar, B. Leskošek, B. Pollak, F. Savenc, P. Šegula, A. Vengust, S. B. Zupet), headed by the specialist lexicologist M. Humar
Planinski terminološki slovar. Slovensko-angleško-nemško-francosko-italijanski slovar planinskega, alpinističnega, plezalskega izrazja
No full textPlaninski terminološki slovar je petjezični razlagalni in slovar. Vsebuje 3615 poimenovanj, ki jih uporabljajo planinci, alpinisti, plezalci, odpravarji, gorski reševalci in gorski vodniki. V manjšem obsegu je prikazano tudi strokovno pogovorno in nižje strokovno pogovorno izrazje, gorsko rastlinje in živalstvo pa nista upoštevana. Iztočnice so pomensko in jezikovno opisane, ovrednotene glede na jezikovnokulturno vrednost in pogostost rabe. Angleški, nemški, francoski in italijanski ustrezniki slovenskih poimenovanj omogočajo mednarodno komunikacijo.
A Dictionary of Mountaineering Terminology is a normative explanatory dictionary in five languages. It contains 3615 terms used by mountaineers, alpinists, expedition members, mountain rescuers and mountain guides. English, German, French and Italian equivalents of the Slovenian terms enable international communication. The dictionary was compiled by a committee of experts from various generations and branches of science (A. Mlač, S. Klinar, B. Leskošek, B. Pollak, F. Savenc, P. Šegula, A. Vengust, S. B. Zupet), headed by the specialist lexicologist M. Humar
Zbornik mednarodne konference Jezikovna raznolikost in nacionalni jeziki v visokem šolstvu
No full textNacionalni jeziki v visokem šolstvu, ur. Marjeta Humar – Mojca Žagar Karer, Ljubljana: Založba ZRC, ZRC SAZU, 2010, 129 str
Zbornik mednarodne konference Jezikovna raznolikost in nacionalni jeziki v visokem šolstvu
No full textNacionalni jeziki v visokem šolstvu, ur. Marjeta Humar – Mojca Žagar Karer, Ljubljana: Založba ZRC, ZRC SAZU, 2010, 129 str
Pesniško besedje po Slovarju slovenskega knjižnega jezika
No full textA great number of extracts were taken from the poetical collections, published in the 20th century as well as from the works of senior poets, for the purposes of the Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika (SSKJ). Poetical materials were given fairly satisfactory consideration in the SSKJ. According to the characteristics of the dictionary the poetical vocabulary was presented particularly from the semantic point of view, considering also grammatical characteristcs and the word relations in which it appears. Other characteristics, e. g. rhyme, rhythm, assonance cannot be presented for lack of illustrating materials and becouse of the specific way of presenting the poetical vocabulary in the dictionary. Poetical words, significations and relations are marked by the word poetical, the name of author added when quoted, or by explanation in folk song/in folk songs. In the early editions of the SSKJ, markings of style, frequency or meaning were often added to that of poetical. According to the fundamental starting-points, written down in the Introduction to the SSKJ, such combinations are less acceptable. Words which are, according to SSKJ, limited in their use to poetical texts only may be used in unmetaphorical therefore in the basic meaning if they are of foreign origin and thus less defined as far as the meaning is concerned, or they are arhaic, old fashioned, unusual in the sense of both — productivity and paradigm. Accomplishment of the expected meaning is influenced by a phone-tical composition and context. Nouns which are poetical in one of nonprimary meanings or in certain relations are usually used metaphorically after having undergone the process of metonymy, personification, extension or contraction of the meaning or the change of the grammatical characteristics. M. Humar: Pesniško besedje po Slovarju 127 A special category of poetical unit is formed by noun phrases containing strongly expressive adjective or noun modifiers. Adjectives which modify the headword of the phrase determine the colour, its intensity and denote very high or overhigh degree of quality. They may be strengthened by an adverb. Words which are used in samples containing poetically marked expressions also arouse strong feelings and similar images as the poetically marked ekspressions. In the process of arranging the extracted materials to be used as the dictionary samples the poetically marked expressions might have been transformated into prose. Those word relations which are not extracted from the poetical texts are only exceptionally considered poetically marked. Poetical relations or words which are typical of a certain poet and well-known as such should be presented in the form of quotations. Certain adjectives in the noun phrases and repetitions of verbs are typical of extracts from the folk art.Članek obravnava besede, besedne pomene in zveze, ki so v Slovarju slovenskega knjižnega jezika (SSKJ) označene z označevalnikom pesn. (pesniško), z imenom avtorja pesmi, pesniške proze za dobesednim navedkom ali s pojasnilom v ljudski pesmi/v ljudskih pesmih. Za SSKJ je bilo izpisanih razmeroma veliko pesniških besedil, zato so v slovarju prikazane pesniške besede, besedne zveze in pomeni raznovrstni
TIPOLOGIJA ŽARGONSKEGA IZRAZJA V 'SLOVARJU SLOVENSKEGA KNJIŽNEGA JEZlKA' IN MODERNIH TERMINOLOŠKIH SLOVARJIH
No full textThe article deals with definitions of jargon in Slovene and selected foreign linguistic literature and its representation in the Slovene dictionary 'Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika', Slovene terminological dictionaries and in two Croatian terminological dictionaries for comparison purposes. In foreign literature the jargon terms are also described as slang or parlance.
According to Slovene linguistic theory jargon terminology is used mostly in oral communication within a certain profession or field. The representation of jargon terms in 'Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika' could be enhanced by indicating the profession or field in which a particular term is used.
This article classifies jargon terms as found in Slovene terminological dictionaries according to origin, variety and register. The article proposes classification with at least two subvarieties indicating register: formal technical speech and informal technical speech .V prispevku je opisano, kako definirajo zargon nekatera jezikoslovna dela. Predstavljen je prikaz žargonskega izrazja v 'Slovarju slovenskega knjižnega jezika', v slovenskih terminoloških slovarjih in prirnerjalno v dveh hrvaških gledaliških slovarjih ter predlagano, kako naj bi se označevalo in prikazovalo to izrazje
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