1,569 research outputs found
Cover Humanus
No full textHumanus (Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-ilmu Humaniora)Volume XIII Nomor 2 Tahun 2014</jats:p
A highly efficacious pediculicide based on dimeticone: randomized observer blinded comparative trial.
No full textBACKGROUND: Infestation with the human head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) occurs worldwide. Existing treatment options are limited, and reports of resistance to commonly used pediculicides have been increasing. In this trial we assessed the efficacy of a product containing a high (92%) concentration of the silicone oil dimeticone (identical in composition to NYDA(R)), as compared to a 1% permethrin lotion. METHODS: Randomized, controlled, observer blinded clinical trial. Participants were recruited from a poor urban neighbourhood in Brazil where pediculosis capitis was highly prevalent. To minimize reinfestation during the trial, participants (145 children aged 5-15 years with head lice infestations) were transferred to a holiday resort outside the endemic area for a period of 9 days. Two applications of dimeticone or 1% permethrin were done, seven days apart. Outcome measures were defined as cure (absence of vital head lice) after first application and before and after second applications, degree of itching, cosmetic acceptability, and clinical pathology. RESULTS: Overall cure rates were: day 2 - dimeticone 94.5% (95% CI: 86.6% - 98.5%) and permethrin 66.7% (95% CI: 54.6% - 77.3%; p < 0.0001); day 7 - dimeticone 64.4% (95% CI: 53.3% - 75.3%) and permethrin 59.7% (95% CI: 47.5% - 71.1%; p = 0.5); day 9 - dimeticone 97.2% (95% CI: 90.3% - 99.7%) and permethrin 67.6% (95% CI: 55.4%-78.2%); p < 0.0001). Itching was reduced similarly in both groups. Cosmetic acceptability was significantly better in the dimeticone group as compared to the permethrin group (p = 0.01). Two mild product-related incidents occurred in the dimeticone group. CONCLUSION: The dimeticone product is a safe and highly efficacious pediculicide. Due to its physical mode of action (interruption of the lice's oxygen supply of the central nervous system), development of resistance is unlikely. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN15117709
Hemocytes from Pediculus humanus humanus are hosts for human bacterial pathogens.
No full textPediculus humanus humanus is an human ectoparasite which represents a serious public health threat because it is vector for pathogenic bacteria. It is important to understand and identify where bacteria reside in human body lice to define new strategies to counterstroke the capacity of vectorization of the bacterial pathogens by body lice. It is known that phagocytes from vertebrates can be hosts or reservoirs for several microbes. Therefore, we wondered if Pediculus humanus humanus phagocytes could hide pathogens. In this study, we characterized the phagocytes from Pediculus humanus humanus and evaluated their contribution as hosts for human pathogens such as Rickettsia prowazekii, Bartonella quintana and Acinetobacter baumannii
Human Lice: Body Louse, Pediculus humanus humanus Linnaeus and Head Louse, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Insecta: Phthiraptera (Anoplura): Pediculidae)
No full textThis document is EENY-104, one of a series of the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date July 1999. Reviewed May 2003.
EENY-104/IN261: Human Lice: Body Louse, Pediculus humanus humanus Linnaeus and Head Louse, Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Insecta: Phthiraptera (=Anoplura): Pediculidae) (ufl.edu
Pediculus humanus subsp. humanus Linnaeus
No full textPediculus humanus humanus Linnaeus Abbeville Co., unknown location, 5 March 1975; Greenville Co., Ninety Six, 1 January 1975; Pickens Co., Clemson, 24 November 1975. The human body louse is a vector of at least three pathogens of humans, including those that cause epidemic louseborne typhus (Rickettsia prowazekii), trench fever (Bartonella quintana (Schmincke)), and louseborne relapsing fever (Borrelia recurrentis (Lebert)). Both louse borne typhus and trench fever are endemic in the U.S.A. as either zoonotic or recrudescent agents or emerging infectious diseases (Jackson & Spach 1996; Azad & Beard 1998; Durden 2002).Published as part of Reeves, Will K., Durden, Lance A. & Wrenn, William J., 2004, Ectoparasitic chiggers (Acari: Trombiculidae, Leeuwenhoekiidae), lice (Phthiraptera), and Hemiptera (Cimicidae and Reduviidae) from South Carolina, U. S. A., pp. 1-20 in Zootaxa 647 on page 11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15829
Pediculus humanus subsp. humanus Linnaeus
No full textPediculus humanus humanus Linnaeus Abbeville Co., unknown location, 5 March 1975; Greenville Co., Ninety Six, 1 January 1975; Pickens Co., Clemson, 24 November 1975. The human body louse is a vector of at least three pathogens of humans, including those that cause epidemic louseborne typhus (Rickettsia prowazekii), trench fever (Bartonella quintana (Schmincke)), and louseborne relapsing fever (Borrelia recurrentis (Lebert)). Both louse borne typhus and trench fever are endemic in the U.S.A. as either zoonotic or recrudescent agents or emerging infectious diseases (Jackson & Spach 1996; Azad & Beard 1998; Durden 2002).Published as part of Reeves, Will K., Durden, Lance A. & Wrenn, William J., 2004, Ectoparasitic chiggers (Acari: Trombiculidae, Leeuwenhoekiidae), lice (Phthiraptera), and Hemiptera (Cimicidae and Reduviidae) from South Carolina, U. S. A., pp. 1-20 in Zootaxa 647 on page 11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15829
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