1,720,968 research outputs found
Obnova národa White Earth: sledování dlouhodobého procesu ústavní reformy
No full textFenomén obnovy vládních struktur domorodých národů v USA (Native nation building) je dosud opomíjen mainstreamovou politickou vědou. Ve studiu politických struktur domorodých národů jsou empirické a teoretické mezery. Empirické zaměření této disertace je na případ procesu obnovy národa White Earth v severozápadní Minnesotě. Cílem je zkoumání dlouhodobého procesu vládnutí ve White Earth za účelem získání vhledu do pozadí současné patové situace v ústavní reformě. Sleduji vnější a vnitřní faktory, které ovlivnily utváření, přetrvávání a transformaci rezervační vlády národa White Earth vytvořené v roce 1936 jako součást Minnesota Chippewa Tribe podle opatření Indian Reorganization Act. Pro pochopení tohoto procesu je nutné zahrnout široký historický kontext vývoje konstitucionalismu v národě White Earth od 1913 do současnosti. Analyzuji dosud neznámé archivní materiály s použitím flexibilního teoretického rámce, který jsem vytvořila speciálně pro zkoumaný případ. Tento teoretický rámec eklekticky využívá kombinaci teoretických přístupů a analytických prostředků nového institucionalismu, oboru Native American studies, genealogie a metody sledování praktik navržené Vincentem Pouliotem. Moje zjištění naznačují, že současná patová situace v ústavní reformě národa White Earth je výsledkem kombinace dynamik...Native nation building is a phenomenon largely neglected by mainstream political science. There are empirical and theoretical gaps in the study of political structures of Native nations. The empirical focus of this dissertation is on the rebuilding process of the White Earth Nation located in northwestern Minnesota. The objective is to investigate the long-term process of White Earth governance in order to get insights into the background of the present state of the White Earth institutional stalemate. I trace external and internal factors that influenced the formation, preservation, and transformation of the White Earth government established as part of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe under the Indian Reorganization Act provisions in 1936. To understand this process, it is necessary to include the historical context of the White Earth constitutionalism from 1913 to the present. I analyze some hitherto unknown archival materials using a flexible theoretical framework which I designed specifically for the purpose of studying the White Earth nation-building process. This case-specific framework eclectically uses a combination of theoretical approaches of Native American studies, genealogy, Vincent Pouliot's practice tracing, and new institutionalism. My findings suggest that the White Earth...Katedra severoamerických studiíDepartment of North American StudiesFakulta sociálních vědFaculty of Social Science
Rebuilding the White Earth Nation: Tracing the Long-Term Process of Constitutional Reform
No full textNative nation building is a phenomenon largely neglected by mainstream political science. There are empirical and theoretical gaps in the study of political structures of Native nations. The empirical focus of this dissertation is on the rebuilding process of the White Earth Nation located in northwestern Minnesota. The objective is to investigate the long-term process of White Earth governance in order to get insights into the background of the present state of the White Earth institutional stalemate. I trace external and internal factors that influenced the formation, preservation, and transformation of the White Earth government established as part of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe under the Indian Reorganization Act provisions in 1936. To understand this process, it is necessary to include the historical context of the White Earth constitutionalism from 1913 to the present. I analyze some hitherto unknown archival materials using a flexible theoretical framework which I designed specifically for the purpose of studying the White Earth nation-building process. This case-specific framework eclectically uses a combination of theoretical approaches of Native American studies, genealogy, Vincent Pouliot's practice tracing, and new institutionalism. My findings suggest that the White Earth..
"What Is It to Withdraw? ": Klamath and Navajo Tribal Councils Tactics in Negotiating Termination Policy, 1949 -1964
No full textTermination, introduced in 1953, was an attempt to eradicate the federal trust status of American Indian tribes. Federal officials insisted that the policy was entirely voluntary, yet in practice tribes like the Klamath (terminated in 1961) were allowed little say in the process. Comparing the minutes of Klamath and Navajo tribal council meetings demonstrates the agency practiced by members of these tribes in negotiating federal rhetoric. Despite being categorized at different stages of plans for withdrawing trust status, members of both tribes navigated the federal rhetoric of termination to support the needs of their tribal membership. Klamath council members initially attempted to adapt the process of withdrawal to secure greater self-determination and sovereignty. When the 1954 Klamath Termination Act was passed, it led to increasing tribal opposition to the policy. In contrast, the Navajo were able to present themselves as preparing for eventual termination in order to secure economic development programs while maintaining their federal trust status. Both cases demonstrate the significance of tribal council minutes as sources providing detailed insight into intratribal decision-making and political agency.</p
”Jonkin muun” voima: alkuperäiskansojen somekampanjat ja Yhdysvaltain 2020 presidentinvaalit
Full text link"Yours in Indian Unity": Moderate National Indigenous Organisations and the U.S.-Canada Border in the Red Power Era
Full text linkHistoriography on the Red Power era has to-date largely focused on the direct action protests of the American Indian Movement, while overlooking the continuing political lobbying and transnational work of more moderate Native rights organisations. This article argues that the National Congress of American Indians in the U.S. and the National Indian Brotherhood in Canada rhetorically challenged the U.S.-Canada border, even establishing a Joint Agreement to foster collaboration across it. However, while their leaders purported to challenge nation-state borders, in practice the collaboration between the two organisations adhered to the settler-colonial structures dominant in North America. Shaped by these federal ties, the exchange was ultimately unable to achieve its aim of working towards self-determination through mutual cooperation. Moderate Indigenous organisations remain dependent on federal structures to operate, thus limiting their ability to effectively organise across settler-state borders
Tearing down the ‘buckskin curtain’: domestic policy-making and Indigenous intellectuals in the Cold War United States and Canada
Full text linkNorth American Indigenous peoples remain overlooked in Cold War scholarship, despite being tangibly impacted by this global conflict. This article presents a study of four foundational texts, to argue that the Cold War shaped the introduction of new destructive Indian policies in the United States and Canada, which aimed to eradicate the special legal status of Indigenous peoples. Moreover, Indigenous activist intellectuals like Vine Deloria, Jr. and Harold Cardinal successfully embedded their writing in the Cold War context of decolonisation and anti-communism to challenge harmful federal policy and the image of the United States and Canada as upholding ‘freedom’ and ‘democracy’.</p
Valta, tulkinta ja eettisyys: Historiantutkijan yhteiskunnallinen rooli
No full textArvio teoksesta Lidman, Satu, Anu Koskivirta & Jari Eilola (toim.). Historiantutkimuksen etiikka. Helsinki: Gaudeamus. 2017. 288 s. ISBN 978-952-495-442-6
‘We Cannot Go Without a National Organization Any Longer’: The Struggle to Build Unity in Canada’s National Indian Council, 1961–1968
Full text linkIn Canada today, there is no single political body which claims to represent all Indigenous people. Instead, separate organisations – the Assembly of First Nations, Métis National Council, and Congress of Aboriginal Peoples – represent status First Nations, Métis, and non-status communities. This article traces the attempts of the National Indian Council (NIC) to create unity across these different groups. In the early 1960s, Indigenous political leaders from across the country viewed national representation as an urgent need, yet by 1968 the NIC folded to make way for separate organisations. Why did this attempt to build unity fail? Examining the NIC’s political aims and contested visions of unity within the organisation, this article will demonstrate that attempting to overcome differences in status and treaty rights led to a failure to engage with the real concerns faced by Indigenous peoples in Canada.Keywords:First Nations; Métis; political activism; organisations; National Indian Council</p
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