1,721,128 research outputs found
Dancing with Parkinson's – the effects on whole body co-ordination during turning
No full textBackground: Turning is considered the single most injurious fall-related activity in people with Parkinson's disease, with difficulty in turning being a sensitive predictor of freezing, falling and quality of life, highlighting the physical and psychosocial importance of improving turning performance for people with Parkinson's.A growing body of literature, including the 2014 European Guidelines for physiotherapy in Parkinson's, recommends the use of dance (which includes turning) as a form of treatment and management however, its effect on turning ability in people with Parkinson's has not been investigated.Purpose: The purpose of this research study was to investigate the effects of a ballroom and Latin American dancing on turning in people with Parkinson's.Methods: Twenty-four people with Parkinson's were randomly allocated to receive either twenty, one-hour dancing classes over 10 weeks (n = 12), or usual care (n = 12). Using 3-D movement analysis, data were collected before and after the intervention period on twelve, 180° on-the-spot turns in either a preferred/unpreferred and predicted/unpredicted direction. Measures of (1) latency and (2) horizontal movement of the eyes, head, thorax, shoulders, pelvis and feet were taken from a light cue to the point of first foot movement, alongside (3) the centre of mass displacement, and (4) the total time. The standing start 180 degrees turn test (SS180) was also completed. Statistical analysis (4-way ANOVA) investigated pre-assessment versus post-assessment, and the influence of dancing or usual care, as well as the interaction of the preferred and predicted turn direction.Results: Groups were comparable for all baseline demographics. A significant 4-way interaction (preference*prediction*time*group*) was found for head latency (p = 0.008), with mean values showing a longer latency in the usual care group during predicted/preferred turn directions. Similar trends were also shown in pelvis latency (p = 0.077), first (p = 0.063) and second (p = 0.081) foot movement, with mean values suggesting longer pelvis latency in predicted/un-preferred turning and slower foot movement in un-predicted/un-preferred turning in the usual care group. Significant between-group differences were also found for pelvis rotation (p = 0.036), with the usual care group showing greater rotation, with similar results in other body segments. No differences were found in the centre of mass displacement, turn time, or the SS180.Conclusion(s): Movement of the head, pelvis, and feet during turning in people with Parkinson's are affected by dancing, with body segments appearing more co-ordinated in time and sequence, however the nature and extent of the effect depends on the type of turn completed, showing an influence of preference and prediction.Implications: Results suggest ballroom and Latin American dancing may influence turning ability for people with Parkinson's, which surprisingly indicates a more ‘en bloc’ turning pattern. In rehabilitation, physiotherapists should consider the implications of encouraging the ‘en bloc’ turning pattern in people with Parkinson's, to improve turning performance, although further research is warranted
The influences of parents’ education in the Italian standardization sample of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Third Edition.
No full textThe Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III Edition is the most commonly used intelligence test for children in Italy. Differences in parents’ educational level were analysed for the WISC-III Italian standardization sample of 2200 children ranging from six to sixteen years in age. Data analyses were carried out on scaled scores for the subtests, on IQ scores for the three IQs, on the Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Organization, Freedom from Distractibility, Processing Speed Indexes, and on the General Ability Index.
Results showed that, while parental influence on children’s subtests, IQs, Indexes and GAI is independent of the parent’s gender, it varies as a function of the parent’s level of education with a higher level of education having the highest influence.
These results may be in agreement with those researchers that consider parental education more important than parents’ gender as a source of influence on the cognitive performance of their children. We find statistically significant differences for each subtest, IQ, and Index in relation to parental education, with higher scores associated to a higher level of parental education. Performance IQ seems less sensible to parental education than Verbal IQ
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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