1,721,959 research outputs found
Hughes B. Sarjeant, Toledo, Ohio [approximately 1900]
No full textPhotograph of Hughes B. Geiner. The photo dates around 1900. Terms associated with the photograph are: Geiner, Chris | treasurers | Boody House (Toledo, Ohio) | Suits(Clothing) | Mustaches. | Mustaches--1900-1910
EDITORS’ INTRODUCTION
No full textThe ever-encroaching discourse of online hate has, to date, only been partially mapped, and available studies have mostly focused on forms of
misogynous attacks in the male-dominated online tech and gamer communities or against feminist activists (Potts 2015; Hardaker and McGlashan 2016).
Additionally, there seems to be a tendency to forget that ongoing, low-level hate speech is far more common than the dramatically violent hate crimes that
capture public imagination. Whether by investigating the ripple effect triggered by a single controversial tweet, the manipulation of gender ideologies in ethnic radio discourse, or the re-semiotization of the ‘city’ as a nurturing space for Jihadist hate narratives, this book intends to address, from a wide and comprehensive multimodal perspective, the prevailing gaps in research literature and the dire need to contend with rampant vitriolic discourses today
Homing in on Hate: critical discourse studies of hate speech, discrimination and inequality in the digital age.
No full textA shared definition of 'hate speech online' is in a constant flux due to the supranational character of the internet, the slippery nature of online harassment, and the porous relationship between actual violence and discriminatory speech. Besides the hateful messages propagated across social networking platforms and micro-blogging sites, the recent rise of live-streamed hate has also captured public attention forcing governments and internet providers to contend with the issue of how to prevent and punish such online activities.
As the contributors highlight throughout this volume, the term 'hate' itself is extremely difficult to define, stemming as it does from the extremes of socio-psychopathic impulses, an inability to regulate emotions adequately, or merely from a lack of empathy. In some cases the denigrators do not even hate their victims, they are merely pliable individuals who feel the need to emulate the sentiments of a strong cohort of denigrators in order to gain 'insider' status. Such individuals, however, are no less to blame than the hate mongers themselves, since they actively contribute to an echo chamber which serves to amplify and reinforce the hatred deployed. Whether they truly detest their targets or merely emulate the apparently dominant group, the aim of haters, be they online or offline, is to relegate the victims to a generic category of 'others', and in hate speech the other is always the enemy. The differences between the 'us' belonging to the dominant grouping, and the 'them' banished to the out-group are magnified in hate speech: the insiders are safe, legitimate, normal and rational, the outsiders are dangerous, different, threatening and antagonistic.
Although the focus of this volume concerns, in the main, the digital environment, the editors and contributors are all well aware that 'hate speech online' does not occur in a virtual vacuum, its effects are dramatically real for those individuals who are on the receiving end. Cyberbullying and hate speech impinge upon the lives of individuals from different social, economic, professional and psychological backgrounds, and increase the sense of fear and vulnerability of entire communities. The ever-encroaching discourse of online hate has, to date, only been partially mapped, and available studies have mostly focused on forms of misogynous attacks in the male-dominated online tech and gamer communities or against feminist activists. Additionally, there seems to be a tendency to forget that ongoing low-level hate speech is far more common than the dramatically violent hate crimes that capture public imagination.
Whether by investigating the ripple effect triggered by a single controversial tweet, the manipulation of gender ideologies in ethnic radio discourse, or the re-semiotization of the 'city' as a nurturing space for Jihadist hate narratives, this book intends to address, from a wide and comprehensive multimodal perspective, the prevailing gaps in research literature and the dire need to contend with rampant vitriolic discourses today
Identity-building and language variation in AVT
No full textThis paper will address the problem of dubbing linguistic variation in general, and of ethnically marked varieties in particular. The small corpus under scrutiny is the Italian film dubbing of Eat, Pray and Love (2010), and particular attention will be focused on how Elizabeth Gilbert’s speech and cultural identity are rendered in the target version. Diastratic, diatopic and diachronic speech dimensions present in the Italian dubbed version as well as foreign accents present in the original version - and completely neutralised in Italian - make up the list of varieties detected in the corpus and analysed in an attempt to identify the connotative implications they present to target viewers. By examining what we have termed the “re-routing strategy” employed when an AVT product presents culture-bound and multilingual constraints, we will attempt to illustrate that the original skopos of the source text undergoes considerable modification when ‘crossing over’ to the Italian dubbed version
Disability, Shame and Discrimination
No full textBy virtue of a number of linguistic and discursive investigations, this special issue of the IJLS aims to map out different forms of knowledge concerning disability with a particular focus on the issues of shame and discrimination. The purpose the guest editors had in mind was not only to explore how the phenomenon of disability is portrayed in a series of relevant contexts, but also to tease out the social, moral, cultural, and political implications of such representations and discursive construals. If, as is widely agreed, there are inextricable relations between discourse, cognition, and society (van Dijk, 1996), then discourse structures can be said to express and mirror the structures of mental models. As these models are, in turn, related to permanent social representations such as knowledge, attitudes, and ideologies, they consequently shape definitions, events, and identities. All the contributions included in this special issue explore the role that language and discourse play in the construction of disability, approaching it from a plurality of angles and perspectives. Discourse analysis, with its investigation of language in use (Fairclough, 2001), is the privileged lens adopted by contributors—in the form of Social-Semiotic Critical Discourse Analysis, Social Media Discourse Analysis, Corpus-based Discourse Analysis, Corpus-Assisted Discourse Studies, and Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis. We hope that this Special Issue of the IJLS can serve to enhance awareness of the many existing inequalities that the more vulnerable segments of society still face on a daily basis. New ways of thinking about physical or mental impairments must emerge together with a focus shift away from the vilification of persons with disabilities, the deficiencies of a disabling society, and the fallacies of an ableist culture onto a reflection in terms of identity politics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Fat chance! Digital Critical Discourse Studies on Discrimination against fat people
No full textThis Chapter examines the manner in which online twitter prosumers discursively assemble and unite around the theme of ‘fat female bodies’ and, by exploiting the affiliation devices available on social networking systems, either shame or praise those who are considered (or who consider themselves to be) overweight.
Over a five-year timespan, the authors investigate a number of discursive instantiations reflecting highly critical attitudes towards ‘fat’ individuals/bodies in two geographically adjacent contexts, specifically the UK and France. As Balirano and Hughes illustrate, negative fat-shaming discourses are inevitably linked to other significant facets present in both Anglo and Francophone contemporary cultures such as hatred expressed against minority groups and in particular against women and race. The interconnection of lesser represented social identities becomes a common discursive tool through which hate is propagated, drawing its strength from previously well-trodden hate-based tropes in order to easily reach and broaden the catchment area of online fat shaming
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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